Dirty sex-2.9 million people died of AIDS in 2000. The disease is the fourth leading cause of death, and more than 99% of people infected with HIV in Africa are caused by unsafe sex. Without AIDS, the average life expectancy of people in sub-Saharan Africa would rise from 47 to 62.
Hypertension and high cholesterol-765,438+10,000 people worldwide die of hypertension every year (the mortality rate is 13%). 62% of cerebrovascular diseases and 49% of heart diseases are caused by hypertension. Every year, 4.4 million people die of high cholesterol (the total mortality rate is 7.9%), and 18% of cerebrovascular diseases are caused by high cholesterol.
Smoking-In 2000, 4.9 million people died of diseases caused by tobacco (the total mortality rate was 8.8%). The death toll ratio is more than 1.990 1 10,000, and the increase in death toll mainly occurs in developing countries. If the government does not take drastic measures, cigarettes will "kill" 8.8 million people every year from now until 2020. Cigarettes contain more than 4000 chemicals, 60 of which may cause cancer. The World Health Organization pointed out that tobacco taxes should be raised and cigarette advertisements should be banned. According to statistics, every time the price of tobacco rises by 10%, the number of smokers will decrease by 2%, reaching 10%.
Alcoholism-6.5438+0.8 million people die of alcoholism every year, mainly in the United States and Europe. 20% to 30% of esophageal cancer, liver cancer, cirrhosis, murder, epilepsy, motor vehicle accidents and some diseases are caused by alcoholism.
Drinking unsanitary water-6.5438+0.7 million people die every year because of drinking unsanitary water. Unsanitary drinking water can lead to diseases such as diarrhea and eventually lead to death. Disinfection before drinking water is the cheapest and most effective method.
Iron deficiency-2 billion people in the world are short of iron, and 800,000 people die of iron deficiency every year.
Indoor smoke and dust caused by solid combustion (wood, coal, etc.). Half of the people in the world are still using these fuels, and most of them are concentrated in developing countries. Due to the lack of good indoor ventilation system, smog containing pollutants has become one of the causes of lung infection (35.7%), chronic lung disease (22%), tracheal cancer and lung cancer (1.5%).
In addition, the report also said that governments should encourage all industries to reduce the salt and fat content in food production in order to reduce cardiovascular diseases. At the same time, it appeals to the public to quit smoking, take an active part in physical exercise and eat more fruits and vegetables.
Hope to adopt