1. What are 1? Does traditional Chinese medicine liver disease treat qi stagnation and blood stasis?
Symptoms: hypochondriac pain, low back pain, immobility, nocturnal pain, anorexia, nausea, abdominal distension, belching, or ascites, constipation and fatigue. The tongue coating is pale white and dark purple, especially at the edge of the tongue, showing purple spots and astringent pulse.
Treatment: promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, promoting qi circulation and resolving hard mass.
Prescription: Radix Bupleuri, Scutellariae Radix, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Radix Curcumae, Semen Persicae, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Radix Notoginseng (decocted first), Rhizoma Curcumae, Herba Scutellariae Barbatae and Carapax Trionycis (decocted first).
Addition and subtraction: Hedyotis diffusa and Solanum nigrum are added for heat diseases such as hematuria and constipation; Pinellia ternata, Poria cocos and Bacillus have greasy fur, slippery or moist pulse, chest tightness and nausea.
2. Dampness and heat accumulate poison
Symptoms: swelling and hardening on both sides, persistent tingling, fever and sweating, upset and irritable, dry mouth and bitter taste, yellow eyes, nausea and eating less, then drowning and blushing. The tongue coating is yellow and greasy, the tongue is red and purple, and the number of pulse strings is slightly slippery.
Treatment: detoxification and purging fire, clearing liver and benefiting gallbladder.
Prescription: Shen Mu, Fructus Gardeniae, Scutellariae Radix, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Radix Curcumae, Rhizoma Curcumae, Herba Scutellariae Barbatae, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae.
Addition and subtraction: dull pain in the liver area, dizziness and dry eyes, plus Angelica, Radix Paeoniae Alba and Rhizoma Chuanxiong; Semen Plantaginis, Alismatis Rhizoma and ascites grass are added into ascites.
3. Yin deficiency of liver and kidney
Symptoms: hypochondriac pain, low fever, sweating, backache, leg weakness, dizziness, emaciation, abdominal distension like a drum, blue veins exposed, five upset and hot, especially yellow skin and sclera at night, or hematemesis and bloody stool. Red tongue with little fur and weak pulse.
Treatment: nourishing liver and kidney, removing blood stasis and eliminating symptoms.
Prescription: Radix Rehmanniae, Carapax Trionycis (decocted first), Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, Ecliptae Herba, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Cortex Moutan, Fructus Corni, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Panacis Quinquefolii (stewed separately), Herba Scutellariae Barbatae and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae.
Addition and subtraction: abdominal distension plus Pu Chuan and betel nut; If there is a tendency of bleeding, American ginseng is aggravated, and then Herba et Gemma Agrimoniae and raw lotus root juice are added.
4. Spleen deficiency and dampness excess
Symptoms: emaciation and fatigue, anorexia and abdominal distension, loose stool's limbs floating, mental fatigue, listlessness and laziness in speaking. The tongue is pale, the coating is white and greasy, and the pulse is slippery or moist.
Treatment: invigorating spleen and qi, eliminating dampness and reducing swelling.
Prescription: Radix Codonopsis, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Poria, Fructus Crataegi, Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, Fagopyrum Esculenti, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Coicis Semen, Xu Changqing, Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae and Herba Hedyotidis Diffusae.
Add and subtract: add and subtract white tiger soup for fever and sweating; Intestinal obstruction and abdominal distension were treated with Chengqi decoction; For liver pain, Fructus Toosendan and Rhizoma Corydalis, or Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Glycyrrhizae can be added.
Second, what are the dietary care measures for liver disease: diet is of great significance to elderly liver disease. The elderly have decreased gastrointestinal digestion and absorption function, and suffer from liver disease, such as improper diet, which makes the condition worse. Therefore, elderly patients with liver disease must abstain from alcohol, because more than 95% of alcohol is metabolized in the liver, which directly damages liver cells. The diet is fresh and delicious, soft and easy to digest, non-irritating, and a small amount of meals. The suitable diet for protein is 1.0- 1.5g/kg.d, and protein, a high-priced animal such as milk, eggs, meat and fish, is the best. Chew slowly. Eat more fruits and vegetables to prevent constipation. When blood ammonia is increased and hepatic coma occurs, the intake of protein should be reduced, with moderate sugary food diet as the main food, supplemented by cereal. However, if indigestion or pancreatic function declines and blood sugar rises abnormally, it is necessary to control sugar. When ascites occurs, the salt intake should be limited to 2g/d, and the liquid intake should be limited to the previous day's output plus 1000ml. Patients with portal hypertension should not eat raw, hard, coarse, hot or irritating food to prevent gastrointestinal bleeding. When gastrointestinal bleeding occurs, you should fast. 1-2 days later, start eating liquid food, pay attention to the low temperature, gradually turn into semi-liquid food and soft food, and start eating a few meals. After that, you will be normal, and you will not eat crude fiber and sour raw vegetables, and you will not eat sour, spicy, stimulating and hard foods such as nuts.
Psychological nursing of patients with liver disease;
(1) Identity psychology: After a period of time, patients began to receive psychotherapy for liver cancer, and their hearts became calm, and they were willing to receive treatment, and they had hope for it. As medical personnel, we should apply "hint" therapy in time, publicize the significance of treatment, and eliminate unfavorable factors such as social factors and family factors.
(2) Doubt in psychotherapy of liver cancer: Once patients know that they have liver cancer, they may fidget, ask for evidence in many ways, and feel nervous and suspicious. Therefore, medical staff should be cautious, understand the purpose of patients' inquiry, carry out psychological treatment of liver cancer, and answer patients' questions scientifically and euphemistically, so as to reduce the degree of patients' attack and avoid losing confidence in treatment.
(3) Pessimism: When patients confirm that they have cancer, they will feel pessimistic and disappointed, showing more disappointment than expectation, depression and unhappiness. At this time, medical staff should pay attention to it, indicating that the disease is being treated, and at the same time emphasizing that a good mood is conducive to the prognosis of the disease.
(4) Fear: When patients know that they have liver cancer, they often show fear, despair, loss of hope for survival and concern for their loved ones. Nurses should sympathize with patients, give comfort, encourage patients to receive treatment actively, so as not to delay their illness, emphasize the role of psychology in their illness, and encourage patients to receive treatment with a positive attitude.
Three. Effective measures to prevent liver diseases 1. Cut off the transmission route of liver disease.
Liver disease experts remind that to prevent liver disease, we should stay away from all kinds of instruments that may be contaminated by blood. Avoid unnecessary blood transfusions, injections, ear piercings, tattoos, sharing toothbrushes and razors with others, and reduce contact with instruments that may be contaminated by blood, because hepatitis B and hepatitis C are mainly transmitted through blood and body fluids. If you eat at the same table with hepatitis B and hepatitis C carriers, you won't be infected.
2, diet and maintenance of the liver
An important principle of diet is "balance". In order to lose weight quickly, we only eat fruit and no other food for three meals, or a "low-sugar diet"-a diet combination of high protein and low carbohydrate. An unbalanced diet increases the burden on the liver. The liver is responsible for converting the food you eat into the energy source of your body. It is more difficult for the liver to convert non-carbohydrates into energy than carbohydrates into energy. A balanced diet should be 60-70% carbohydrate (such as rice and pasta), 20-30% protein (such as meat and beans) and 65,438+00-20% polyunsaturated fat (such as vegetable oil).
3. Pay attention to food hygiene
Don't drink raw water or eat raw seafood, because clams, oysters and shellfish are easily infected with hepatitis A virus. If you want to travel to areas with high hepatitis A infection rate, such as Chinese mainland, Southeast Asia, Central and South America, Africa and other places, it is best to inject hepatitis A vaccine before departure.
4. Don't drink or smoke
Drinking alcohol will increase the probability of fatty liver and alcoholic liver disease, and patients with liver disease should stop drinking alcohol completely. In addition, smoking is related to liver cancer, so we should smoke less and quit smoking as much as possible.
5, pay attention to sleep time
The normal sleep time of adults should be 8 hours. Under normal circumstances, they should go to bed around 23 o'clock, 1 and go into a deep sleep state at 3 o'clock in the morning. This time is the best time to nourish liver blood, otherwise, they will not be able to nourish enough blood. So we call for trying not to stay up late. If you have to be a family who stays up late, you should take enough nutrition to protect yourself and minimize the harm to your body by staying up late.
4. What are the commonly used drugs for liver disease? 1, inosine tablets.
Pharmacological action: Inosine participates in cell energy metabolism and protein synthesis in vivo, improves the activity of related metabolic enzymes, improves liver function and promotes the recovery of damaged liver.
Indications: used for adjuvant treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis.
2. Hugan tablets
Ingredients: Radix Bupleuri, Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Radix Isatidis, Mung Bean, Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, and pig bile powder.
Indications: soothing liver and regulating qi, invigorating spleen and promoting digestion. Has that effect of reduce transaminase. Used for chronic hepatitis and early cirrhosis.
3. Jianganling Capsule
Ingredients: Schisandra chinensis seed extract, Ganoderma lucidum extract, Salvia miltiorrhiza extract.
Indications: invigorating qi and spleen, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis; Has the function of reducing alanine aminotransferase. For acute, persistent and chronic hepatitis.
4. Hepatitis B Kang Shu Capsule
Ingredients: Phyllanthus urinaria, Hedyotis diffusa, Polygonum cuspidatum, Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Radix Astragali and Polygoni Multiflori Radix.
Indications: clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. It can be used for treating acute and chronic hepatitis B caused by damp-heat and blood stasis, with symptoms such as fatigue, liver pain, anorexia, abdominal distension, etc.
5. Yiganling tablets
Ingredients: Silybum marianum
Indications: benefiting liver and nourishing kidney, detoxifying and eliminating dampness. Can be used for treating hypochondriac pain, anorexia, abdominal distension, backache, fatigue, and yellow urine caused by yin deficiency of liver and kidney and unclear damp toxin. Or chronic hepatitis with elevated transaminase.
6. Yindan Gan Ping Capsule
Ingredients: Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, Radix Gentianae, Scutellariae Radix, Pig Bile Powder, Fructus Gardeniae, Radix Paeoniae Alba (parched), Radix Angelicae Sinensis, and Radix Glycyrrhizae.
Indications: clearing heat and promoting diuresis. Used for costal pain, bitter taste and yellow urine caused by damp-heat in liver and gallbladder.