Symptoms and effects vary with the location of uterine fibroids.
Submucosal myoma
Uterine fibroids grow in the position of endometrium, which is more likely to lead to abnormal bleeding, excessive menstrual blood or long menstrual period. Too much bleeding may cause anemia, and it is also easy to cause infertility, miscarriage or premature delivery.
Intermuscular myoma
Intermuscular myoma is the most common, which grows in the myometrium of uterine smooth muscle and usually causes menstrual pain and abnormal bleeding.
Subserous myoma
Subserous myoma from uterine smooth muscle to abdominal cavity, if large, may be pressed to the intestine, which may easily cause defecation, constipation or menstrual bloody stool, and may also be pressed to the bladder or ureter, resulting in frequent urination or urinary retention; If the myoma is not big (about 1 ~ 5 cm), there are generally no symptoms.
Suggested treatment Dr. Zhang said that uterine fibroids are mostly benign tumors. If there are no special symptoms, it is recommended to follow up the size changes of fibroids every 3 to 6 months.
Dr. Zhang pointed out that if the myoma is larger than 5 cm and the menstrual flow is large, it may be more prone to anemia. Most doctors will take medicine to control bleeding first and then improve anemia. Taking medicine may also shrink the myoma of some patients, and then consider whether to remove the myoma by surgery, but it still needs regular follow-up for 3 ~ 6 months. However, after the operation, fibroids may still grow again. If the patient is close to menopausal age, continuous medication can be considered to control symptoms, because most fibroids will gradually shrink with menopause.
The methods to prevent hysteromyoma include eating more vegetables, eating more natural foods in a balanced diet, exercising moderately, eating soy products in moderation, keeping a proper weight, not staying up late, not having too much pressure, using less plastic bags to heat soup, using less straws, eating less processed foods and foods containing preservatives, and eating less food-grade health care products containing synthetic substances and hormones. In addition, studies have shown that vitamin D helps to slow down the growth of uterine fibroids, so you can increase your intake of vitamin D by eating dairy products, mushrooms or sunbathing for about 20 minutes every day.
Some people worry that uterine fibroids may be malignant. In fact, most uterine fibroids are benign. Unless a few fast-growing fibroids (about 1 ~ 5%) are found, they usually need to be removed by laparotomy or laparoscopy, and then sent to pathological examination to confirm whether they belong to malignant tumors (such as uterine body sarcoma).
Pregnant women have uterine fibroids, how to do? If pregnant women have uterine fibroids, doctors generally do not recommend excision during pregnancy, but postpartum follow-up can be considered. However, if the hysteromyoma grows in the cervix, it cannot be delivered naturally, and caesarean section must be used instead. Pregnancy complicated with uterine fibroids, fibroids may also grow with the change of hormone concentration during pregnancy. If hysteromyoma grows in the muscular layer, it may make the fetal activity space smaller, which is more likely to lead to fetal dislocation; When the uterus contracts, it may feel more painful than other pregnant women, which may lead to premature delivery in severe cases. However, pregnant mothers need not be too nervous. As long as you follow up regularly, the related risks can still be reduced.
Further reading: Abdominal pain during pregnancy, fibroids found, doctors first aid to save the mother and baby.
You must know these 9 kinds of uterine conditions! Key points of mastering uterine health: risk factors, symptoms and precautions of adenomyosis. Dr. Zhang pointed out that endometrial tissue spreads to other places through blood and lymph, for example, the endometrium spreads to the myometrium and grows, which makes the myometrium hypertrophy, which will form the so-called adenomyosis.
The incidence of adenomyosis is about 10%, but most of them are benign. The focus of a few patients may become cancer and sarcoma. Risk factors include heredity, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and menstrual blood reflux. And it requires less surgery. Symptoms and effects of adenomyosis include infertility, dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia, pain, pelvic pain and dysuria. The diagnosis method is ultrasound, medical diagnosis or anal diagnosis. Because of adenomyosis, it may cause menstrual bleeding and anemia. To supplement iron, pay attention to a balanced diet and moderate exercise. Because chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is also one of the risk factors, the way to prevent pelvic inflammatory disease is to wear less tights, wipe from front to back after urinating, pay attention to cleaning, avoid washing, avoid using pads or tampons outside menstruation, avoid smoking and drinking, and avoid abusing antibiotics and tampons.
What should pregnant women pay attention to if they suffer from adenomyosis? * Although adenomyosis may lead to infertility, some patients may still get pregnant. Try not to eat blood-activating foods during pregnancy and just after delivery, such as roast chicken, stewed ribs, angelica, alcoholic food, ginger and so on.
* adenomyosis can make the uterus difficult to contract. If the postpartum uterus is not easy to contract, it is more prone to massive bleeding. You should take uterine contractions prescribed by doctors and uterus.
According to Dr. Zhang from Endometriosis Department, endometriosis refers to menstrual blood reflux, and endometrial tissue spreads to other places through blood and lymph, which is basically the same as the cause of adenomyosis mentioned above. It's just that the location of endometrial diffusion distribution is different, but the name is different. Endometrium moves to ovarian growth, commonly known as chocolate cyst; The endometrium moves to the muscular layer to grow, which is adenomyosis. The risk factors, symptoms, effects and precautions are the same as those of adenomyosis. The endometrium will shed and bleed with the menstrual cycle. If menstrual blood is not discharged, it will cause severe menstrual pain.
The prevention method is to try to maintain a proper physical and mental state, not to have too much stress (stress is a great risk factor for many diseases), not to stay up late, and to exercise moderately. It is also suggested that women with family planning should give birth as soon as possible, so that the ovaries can rest during pregnancy and have no menstruation for ten months, which will help reduce the occurrence of endometriosis.
Risk factors, symptoms and precautions of endometrial hyperplasia Dr. Zhang pointed out that some endometrial hyperplasia is malignant and may develop into endometrial cancer, but not all. Possible causes include genetic and family history, environmental hormones and obesity. Symptoms * * * Abnormal bleeding, irregular menstruation, such as a month's menstruation is not a normal menstrual cycle. However, this symptom is similar to endometrial polyps, which may be misdiagnosed as endometrial hyperplasia and must be differentiated by doctors.
Dr. Zhang reminded that "endometrial hyperplasia" and "endometrial thickening during pregnancy" are completely different things. Because during pregnancy, the endometrium will gradually thicken to develop placenta and embryo. In case of abnormal endometrial hyperplasia during pregnancy, it is mostly hydatidiform mole, not endometrial hyperplasia as mentioned here.
To treat and prevent endometrial hyperplasia, it is necessary to surgically remove the lesion and send it for pathological examination. The prevention method is to eat less iced food or drink less iced drinks before and after menstruation, because cold will make blood vessels contract, and menstrual blood is not easy to drain, which is more likely to cause intimal hyperplasia. In addition, we should keep warm, keep cheerful, relax, minimize stress, avoid staying up late, and try to avoid eating cold, spicy, fried and greasy food.
Further reading: How much do you know about three common uterine diseases?
Chen Xingyou, vice president, explained that in fact, most women's uterine bodies and uterine bottoms are tilted forward (toward the navel), but some 1/3 ~ 1/5 women are tilted backward. This is actually a normal physiological phenomenon, most of which are born, but some people are caused by acquired factors, such as pelvic surgery and pelvic surgery.
The symptoms of posterior uterine dysmenorrhea are mostly backache (anterior uterine dysmenorrhea is mainly abdominal pain); In addition, there may be painful symptoms (such as abdominal pain) when the uterus is backward. Diagnostic methods of uterine retroversion include internal diagnosis and ultrasound.
If uterine retroversion does not affect daily life, treatment is usually not needed; However, if it hurts, you can consider changing the direction of the uterus through surgery to make it lean forward. As for whether or not to have surgery, it doesn't have to be based on personal wishes.
What should pregnant women pay attention to after uterine contraction? Vice President Chen Xingyou pointed out that in fact, the influence of uterine retroversion is relatively small; However, some studies show that retroversion of uterus may make it difficult for some women to conceive. Once pregnant, daily life is no different from other pregnant women. However, if you have abdominal ultrasound in the early pregnancy, you may not be able to get the gestational sac and fetal heartbeat at a very early stage. You may have to wait until about 6 weeks of pregnancy to get the gestational sac (most people with stretched uterus can get it in about 5 weeks). Usually you have to change the * * ultrasound to see more clearly.
You must know these 9 kinds of uterine conditions! Grasp the key points of uterine health: risk factors, symptoms and precautions of uterine adhesion. Vice President Chen Xingyou said that most of uterine adhesions are caused by surgery (such as induced abortion and submucosal myoma surgery), and some people may be caused by chronic uterine inflammation. After the operation, if the amount of menstruation is less, even no menstruation, or menstrual pain is more obvious than before, it is suspected to be sticky. However, it should be noted that adhesion to the uterus may lead to infertility or repeated abortion. If infertility or recurrent abortion is suspected, doctors can diagnose it through hysteroscopy and hysterosalpingography. Once the uterus adhesion is diagnosed, the adhered part can be separated by hysteroscope, and an IUD can be installed to prevent adhesion, and estrogen can be given as appropriate to promote endometrial repair, and the IUD can be taken out several months later.
In addition, if the secretion of * * * is colored (such as yellow-green) or has an odor, it is recommended to see a doctor to avoid long-term inflammation that may lead to sticky uterus.
Risk Factors, Symptoms and Precautions of Uterus: Vice President Chen Xingyou said that the risk factors of Uterus include: more than 24 hours of delivery, excessive pressure and traction of placenta during delivery, fragile uterine tissue caused by repeated induced abortion, too short umbilical cord of fetus, use of muscle relaxants during delivery, poor uterine contraction, and Uterus before and after delivery, all of which may provide the probability of Uterus. Eversion of uterus mostly occurs after delivery, but the incidence is not high, about one in two thousand to one in fifty thousand. Symptoms and effects are massive bleeding, because eversion of uterus will interfere with postpartum uterine contraction, which makes it difficult to stop bleeding after delivery. Once it happens, the doctor must make emergency reduction by hand, push the uterus back and give antibiotics to prevent infection. Patients with uterine ectropion should have more uterus after delivery and take contractions prescribed by doctors to reduce the chance of postpartum hemorrhage.
Risk factors, symptoms and precautions of ectopic pregnancy Vice President Chen Xingyou pointed out that ectopic pregnancy can only occur during pregnancy, and the incidence rate is about 1% ~ 2%. During normal fertilization, sperm and eggs will combine in the fallopian tube, and the cilia of the fallopian tube will push the gestational sac into the uterine cavity; However, gestational sac, who suffers from ectopic pregnancy, may cause gestational sac to stay in the fallopian tube due to risk factors such as tubal injury (such as ligation), pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy of the former fetus, smoking or using artificial reproductive technology (such as embryo implantation). There are no symptoms in the early stage of ectopic pregnancy; When tubal rupture leads to internal bleeding, it is unilateral severe abdominal pain, which will not be relieved even after rest.
Suggested treatment once an ectopic pregnancy occurs, it means that the fetus cannot be saved and must be operated or treated with drugs as soon as possible. If the fallopian tube has not ruptured, we can consider giving drugs to contract the embryo first, or directly taking out the embryo by surgery; If the fallopian tube has ruptured, it must be operated as soon as possible, and one fallopian tube may need to be removed. Ectopic pregnancy was difficult to prevent before, and it can only be prevented by quitting smoking and avoiding pelvic inflammatory disease. If the secretion of * * * has peculiar smell or discoloration, and there is too much secretion for a long time, you should seek medical examination.
Risk factors, symptoms and precautions of hydrosalpinx Vice President Chen Xingyou introduced that hydrosalpinx is caused by cervical stenosis and can not discharge uterine secretions, which is more common in postmenopausal women or women who have had cervical surgery. In addition, suffering from endometrial cancer may also cause hydrosalpinx. If there is only a small amount of hydronephrosis, most of them have no symptoms; If there is more water, it is easier to have abdominal distension and abdominal pain. If hydronephrosis is found by ultrasound, it is necessary to distinguish whether it is endometrial cancer. If it is hydronephrosis caused by endometrial cancer, it may be necessary to surgically remove the uterus; If it is not endometrial cancer, it can be followed up regularly for 3 to 6 months, and the doctor will consider whether it is necessary to drain stagnant water.