(2) If you drink too little water or eat salty food, it will lead to the increase of osmotic pressure in the internal environment, stimulate the osmotic pressure receptor of the hypothalamus, increase the antidiuretic hormone produced by the hypothalamus and reduce the urine output. At the same time, the thirst center in the cerebral cortex actively drinks water, so keeping the osmotic pressure in the internal environment relatively stable is the result of the simultaneous action of nerve regulation and body fluid regulation.
(3) The composition of plasma and tissue fluid is basically the same, but plasma contains more protein; The "big-headed doll" in Fuyang, Anhui Province is caused by poor quality milk powder, which leads to too little plasma protein and reduced plasma osmotic pressure, thus causing tissue edema.
(4) After hunger or strenuous exercise, the blood sugar concentration tends to decrease. At this time, glucagon secreted by islet A cells increases, which promotes the decomposition of hepatic glycogen and the transformation of non-sugar substances into glucose, and glucose enters the blood to keep blood sugar relatively stable. Therefore, compared with the right end, the liquid at the left end of the figure obviously increases substances and blood sugar besides carbon dioxide and urea.
So the answer is:
(1) plasma? Tissue fluid C→D→E
2) Elevation
(3) protein? C
④ Blood sugar