How should the government and individuals help the disabled?

What measures does the state and society mainly take to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the disabled? The state and society take the following measures to enrich the spiritual and cultural life of the disabled: (1) reflect the life of the disabled through radio, movies, television, newspapers and books, and serve the disabled; (2) Organizing and supporting the compilation and publication of Braille books, audio books for the blind, books for the deaf and books for the mentally handicapped, launching TV sign language programs, and adding subtitles and explanations to some film and television works; (3) Organizing and supporting disabled people to carry out mass cultural, sports and recreational activities, holding special art performances and special sports meetings, and participating in major international competitions and exchanges; (4) Public places such as culture, sports and entertainment provide convenience and care for the disabled. Set up places for the disabled in a planned way; Compared with ordinary mass reading materials and modes of communication, special reading materials and special cultural performances and sports activities play an irreplaceable role in enriching the spiritual and cultural life of the disabled. What is welfare for the disabled? Welfare for the disabled is the facilities, conditions and services provided by the state and society for the disabled in life, work, education, medical care and rehabilitation on the basis of ensuring their basic material needs. It mainly includes the following contents: (1) Develop employment opportunities for the disabled through multiple channels, levels and forms, expand the scope of employment, provide employment opportunities, and guarantee the labor rights and self-realization of the disabled; (2) Vigorously develop special education for the disabled and improve their cultural quality and self-reliance ability; (three) to carry out legislation, publicity and education to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the disabled and provide special protection, and to call on the society to respect, care for and help the disabled; (four) the production of facilities and equipment for disabled people's life, work, education, cultural and recreational activities; (5) Provide convenience for the disabled as much as possible in all fields of social undertakings, and so on. Social welfare is an important part of social security. It is a social security policy, facilities and corresponding services provided by the state and society to ensure and maintain a certain quality of life of social members and meet their basic material and spiritual needs. Welfare for the disabled is an important part of social welfare. What is the responsibility of the state and society in safeguarding and improving the lives of the disabled? (1) The state and society take rescue, relief and other welfare measures to ensure and improve the lives of the disabled; (two) through various channels to give relief and subsidies to disabled people who have real difficulties in life; (three) to give assistance and relief to the disabled who have no ability to work, no dependents and no source of livelihood; (4) The local people's governments at all levels and the society set up welfare homes and other placement and adoption agencies to resettle and adopt disabled people in accordance with regulations and gradually improve their lives. Support, including providing policy, material and spiritual support and help. Relief is to provide regular and irregular assistance and subsidies to disabled people who have lost their ability to work or have a certain ability to work but cannot maintain their basic livelihood. Support refers to the long-term support and relief provided by the state, collectives and social organizations to the disabled who have no ability to work, no dependents and no source of livelihood. Establishing welfare placement and adoption institutions is an effective way to place and adopt disabled people who have no ability to work, no dependents and no source of livelihood. How do disabled people participate in social insurance? Units where disabled persons work, urban and rural grassroots organizations and families of disabled persons shall encourage and help disabled persons to participate in social insurance. Disabled people to participate in social insurance, generally take personal insurance, collective management, collective and individual insurance. Help the disabled to apply for social insurance. The severely disabled, the disabled under guardianship and the mentally disabled need their legal supporters and guardians to handle social insurance on their behalf. Social insurance is a social security system to ensure that citizens can get basic living needs and health protection when they encounter risks such as childbirth, old age, illness, injury, disability, unemployment and death. The participation of disabled people in social insurance is an important measure to relieve the worries of units, urban and rural grassroots organizations, disabled families and disabled people themselves. Can disabled people drive? The Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security held a press conference on the morning of June 5438+February 65438+February 07, 2009, officially releasing the newly revised Regulations on the Application and Use of Motor Vehicle Driving Licenses. The new regulations relax the driving restrictions for disabled people, and allow disabled people with missing right half and lower limbs to apply for special driver's licenses, which will be officially implemented on April 1 next year. This new revision has removed many restrictions on disabled people's driving. Through this amendment, disabled people who have lost their right or both lower limbs, or who have lost their motor function but can sit by themselves, can apply for a driver's license for small automatic passenger cars for the disabled. At the same time, disabled people with missing fingers or right thumb are also allowed to apply for a small car driver's license; Disabled people with hearing impairment are allowed to apply for a small car driver's license, but wearing hearing AIDS can meet the eligibility criteria. It is particularly important to ensure the travel safety of disabled people while allowing them to drive special small cars to carry passengers. Therefore, it is clear in the new regulations that disabled people with right lower limbs and both lower limbs should go to the specialized medical institutions of the provincial health authorities for inspection when applying for driving a car, and make a special assessment of their degree of disability, sitting ability and driving ability. And every three years, when the driver's license is renewed, the physical examination should be carried out again. The auxiliary devices of the special-purpose vehicles should be installed and disassembled by specialized institutions or technicians, and hearing-impaired people should wear hearing-aid equipment when driving. What are the provisions for special care for the disabled in this paragraph? (1) Public service institutions should actively create conditions to provide priority services and auxiliary services for the disabled; (2) When people with disabilities take buses, trams, subways, ships, ferries, trains, planes and other public transport, they shall provide convenience and care for them; It should be allowed to carry assistive devices necessary for the disabled free of charge; (3) The blind can take buses, trams, subways and ferries in the city for free, and all books and mails for the blind are delivered free of charge; (four) the people's governments at the county and township levels shall, according to the specific circumstances, reduce or exempt the rural disabled from compulsory labor, public welfare fees and other social burdens. People's governments at all levels should gradually increase other care and help for the disabled. With the gradual improvement of the legal system, the state pays more and more attention to protecting the interests of the disabled through legislative means, giving them as much care as possible, preventing them from being eliminated by society, avoiding discrimination against them and helping them adapt to society. Do disabled people need military service? According to the provisions of the Military Service Law, those who are unfit for military service due to serious physical defects or serious disabilities are exempted from military service. In addition, after discharged from active service, conscripts suffering from mental illness should be sent to local hospitals for treatment or go home to recuperate, and the people's governments of counties, autonomous counties, cities and municipal districts should be responsible for the medical and living expenses required; Volunteers who are disabled due to war or work during their active service shall go through the formalities of discharge, and the people's governments of counties, autonomous counties, cities and municipal districts where they were originally recruited or their immediate family members are located shall receive resettlement. China citizens, regardless of nationality, race, occupation, family background, religious belief and education level, are obliged to perform military service in accordance with the provisions of the Military Service Law, except those who are severely disabled, physically disabled or deprived of political rights according to law. How to ensure and improve the conditions for disabled people to participate in social life? Gradually creating a good environment for the disabled is an important condition for the disabled to fully participate in social life, and it is also the embodiment of social civilization and progress. The state and society should gradually create a good environment and constantly improve the conditions for disabled people to participate in social life. Good environment, including social material environment and social spiritual environment: (1) social material environment: the state and society gradually promote the design norms of urban roads and buildings that are convenient for the disabled and adopt barrier-free measures; (2) Social and spiritual environment: the state and society promote mutual understanding and exchanges between the disabled and other citizens, publicize the cause and deeds of helping the disabled, carry forward the spirit of self-improvement of the disabled, and advocate the social fashion of unity, friendship and mutual assistance. On April 1 day, 2004, the 10th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 12th Beijing Municipal People's Congress deliberated and passed the Regulations on the Construction and Management of Barrier-free Facilities in Beijing, which came into effect on May 16, 2004. How to realize equal social security opportunities for the disabled? (1) Legislation should be equal. When formulating laws, regulations and policies, we should avoid adverse effects on disabled people's exercise of civil rights and freedoms, eliminate discrimination and ensure that they enjoy equal opportunities with other citizens. (2) Equal employment opportunities Most disabled people have the ability to work. Helping them to work according to the current work standards and ensuring their equal participation in employment can enhance their autonomy, and economic independence is the basis for obtaining other equal opportunities. (3) Equal enjoyment of the environment is the most important factor affecting one's daily life. Disabled people should enjoy the material environment like other citizens. (4) Equal Access to Education and Training Disabled people have the same right to education and training as other citizens, and special education institutions should be established to ensure their equal access to education and training. (5) Equality of obligations, rights and obligations, and the state and society create conditions for them to assume the responsibilities as members of society.