What are the main contents of three questions about hazard identification? Pray for the great gods.

Date of risk analysis: August 29th, 2007 Author: West Assessment Center Source: www.cqcxb.cn1.5 Risk analysis 1.5. 1 hazard identification1.5./What are the three general principles that help to identify hazards: a)? B) Who (what) will get hurt? C) How did the injury happen? You can also ask in reverse: a) Who (what) will be hurt? B) How did the injury happen? C) What are the hazards (sources of injury)? There is no need to record or further consider the obviously negligible hazards. 1.5. 1.2 hazard classification hazards can also be called risk factors or hazard factors. Risk factors refer to factors that can cause casualties, sudden damage to things, or affect people's health, leading to chronic damage to diseases and things. Usually, in order to distinguish the characteristics and effects of objects on human body, it is divided into risk factors (emphasizing sudden and instantaneous effects) and hazard factors (emphasizing cumulative effects within a certain time range). Sometimes the two are indistinguishable and collectively referred to as risk factors. The classification of hazardous and harmful factors is to facilitate the identification and analysis of hazardous and harmful factors. There are many ways to classify dangerous and harmful factors. Here is a brief introduction to the method of classification according to the direct causes of accidents and hazards and the method of classification according to accident categories and occupational diseases. A) Classification according to the direct causes of accidents and occupational hazards According to GB/T 138 16-92 Classification and Code of Hazardous Factors in the Production Process, hazardous and harmful factors in the production process are divided into 6 categories. The dangerous and harmful factors listed in this classification method are specific, detailed, scientific and reasonable, and are suitable for enterprises to identify and analyze dangerous and harmful factors in planning, design and production organization. (1) Physical hazards and hazard factors 1) Defects of equipment and facilities (insufficient strength and rigidity of equipment and facilities, poor stability, poor sealing, stress concentration, appearance defects, exposed moving parts, brake defects, controller defects and other defects); 2) Protective defects (no protection, defective protective devices and facilities, improper protection, improper support, insufficient protective distance, and other protective defects); 3) Electrical hazards (bare live parts, leakage, lightning, static electricity, electric sparks and other electrical hazards); 4) Noise hazards (mechanical noise, electromagnetic noise, hydrodynamic noise and other noises); 5) Vibration hazards (mechanical vibration, electromagnetic vibration, hydrodynamic vibration and other vibrations); 6) Electromagnetic radiation (ionizing radiation: X-rays, gamma rays, alpha particles, beta particles, protons, neutrons, high-energy electron beams, etc. ); Non-ionizing radiation: ultraviolet, laser, radio frequency radiation, ultra-high voltage electric field); 7) Hazards of moving objects (hazards of moving objects such as solid projectile, liquid splash, rebound, rock and soil sliding, pile sliding, airflow tumbling, rockburst, etc.); 8) Open flame; 9) High-temperature substances that can cause burns (high-temperature gases, high-temperature solids, high-temperature liquids and other high-temperature substances); 10) low-temperature substances (such as low-temperature gas, low-temperature solid and low-temperature liquid) that can cause frostbite; 1 1) dust and aerosol (excluding explosive and toxic dust and aerosol); 12) Poor working environment (poor working environment, foundation subsidence, safety corridor defects, poor lighting, harmful lighting, poor ventilation, lack of oxygen, poor air quality, poor water supply and drainage, water gushing, forced posture, high temperature, low temperature, high pressure, low pressure, high temperature and high humidity, natural disasters and other harsh working environments); 13) signal defects (no signal facilities, improper signal selection, improper signal position, unclear signal, inaccurate signal display, etc.); 14) logo defects (no logo, unclear logo, nonstandard logo, improper logo selection, logo position defects and other logo defects); 15) Other physical hazards and hazards. (2) Chemical hazards and hazard factors 1) Flammable and explosive substances (flammable and explosive substances such as flammable and explosive gases, flammable and explosive liquids, flammable and explosive solids, flammable and explosive dust and aerosols); 2) Spontaneous combustion substances; 3) Toxic substances (toxic gases, toxic liquids, toxic solids, toxic dust and aerosols and other toxic substances); 4) Corrosive substances (corrosive gases, corrosive liquids, corrosive solids and other corrosive substances); 5) Other chemical hazards and harmful factors. (3) biological hazards and hazard factors 1) pathogenic microorganisms (pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses); 2) vectors of infectious diseases; 3) Injury to animals; 4) harmful plants; 5) Other biological hazards and harmful factors. (4) Psychophysiological hazards and hazard factors 1) overload (physical overload, auditory overload, visual overload and other overload); 2) Abnormal health status; 3) Engaged in taboo operations; 4) Psychological abnormalities (emotional abnormalities, adventurous psychology, excessive tension and other psychological abnormalities); 5) Recognition of functional defects (cognitive delay, recognition error and other recognition functional defects); 6) Other psychological and physiological risk factors. (5) Behavioral hazards and hazard factors 1) Command errors (command errors, illegal command and other command errors); 2) Operational errors (misoperation, illegal operation and other operational errors); 3) Monitoring error; 4) Other errors; 5) Other behavioral hazards and harmful factors. (6) Other dangerous and harmful factors. B) According to GB644 1-86 Classification of Casualty Accidents in Enterprises, the accidents are classified by accident category and occupational disease category (1), and the causes, the first inducing causes, harmful substances and injury modes are comprehensively considered. , and the dangerous and harmful factors are classified into 16 categories. 1) Object strike refers to the movement of an object under the action of gravity or other external forces, which impacts the human body and causes personal injury or death, excluding the object strike caused by mechanical equipment, vehicles, lifting machinery, collapse and other reasons; 2) Vehicle injury refers to the casualty accidents caused by falling, collapsing, flying and squeezing of an enterprise motor vehicle, excluding accidents when lifting equipment, tractors and vehicles stop; 3) Mechanical injury refers to the injury caused by the direct contact between moving (static) parts, tools and machined parts of mechanical equipment and human body, such as attack, collision, shearing, winding, twisting, grinding, cutting and stabbing, excluding mechanical injury caused by vehicles and lifting machinery; 4) Lifting injury refers to squeezing, falling, object hitting (slings and cranes) and electric shock in various lifting operations (including crane installation, maintenance and testing); 5) Electric shock, including lightning casualties; 6) Drowning, including falling from a height, excluding mine and underground flooding; 7) Burn refers to flame burn, high-temperature object burn, chemical burn (internal and external burns caused by acid, alkali, salt and organic matter) and physical burn (internal and external burns caused by light and radioactive substances), excluding electric burn and fire burn; 8) fire; 9) Falling from a height refers to the casualty accidents caused by falling in high-altitude operations, excluding electric shock falling accidents; 10) Collapse refers to an accident in which an object exceeds its own strength limit or its structural stability is destroyed under the action of external force or gravity, such as earth and stone collapse, scaffolding collapse and stacking collapse. , does not apply to mine roof caving, vehicles, lifting machinery and blasting caused by collapse; 1 1) Blasting refers to the casualty accidents in blasting operation; 12) Explosive explosion refers to the explosion accidents of gunpowder, explosives and their products in the process of production, processing, transportation and storage; 13) chemical explosion refers to explosion accidents (including gas decomposition and spray explosion) when combustible gas and dust explode. Mixing with air to form explosive mixture and contacting with detonation energy; 14) physical explosion, including boiler explosion, container overpressure explosion and tire explosion. 15) Poisoning asphyxia, including poisoning, anoxia asphyxia and poisoning asphyxia; 16) Other injuries refer to risk factors other than the above, such as falling, twisting, falling, rubbing, stabbing, cutting, non-motor vehicle collision, crushing injury, etc. (Mine, underground and tunnel operations also include risk factors such as roof caving, water seepage and gas explosion). (2) According to the Provisions on the Scope of Occupational Diseases and Treatment Methods for Occupational Disease Patients issued by the Ministry of Health, the former Ministry of Labor and the Federation of Trade Unions, the hazard factors are divided into seven categories: productive dust, poisons, noise and vibration, high temperature, low temperature, radiation (ionizing radiation, non-ionizing radiation) and other hazard factors. 1.5. 1.3 Hazard prompt table A supplementary method is to establish a prompt table, such as the following questions: Are there the following hazards in the operation activities? A) Slipping on the flat ground; B) People fall from a height; C) tools, raw materials, etc. Falling from a height; D) insufficient headspace: e) hazards associated with hand-held (handling) tools and raw materials; F) Dangers of devices and machinery related to assembly, commissioning, operation, maintenance, modification, repair and disassembly; G) Vehicle hazards, including on-site transportation and road transportation; H) fire and explosion; I) violence against employees; J) Inhalable substances; K) Substances or reagents that may harm eyes; L) Contact and absorb substances that may cause harm through skin; M) Substances that can cause harm through ingestion (e.g. entering the body through the mouth); N) Harmful energy (such as electricity, radiation, noise and vibration); O) Work-related upper limb injuries caused by frequent repetitive movements; P) Improper thermal environment, such as overheating; Q) lighting level; R) Wet and uneven ground (ground); S) Inappropriate stair guardrail or handrail; T) activities of the contractor's personnel. The above list is not comprehensive, and employers should consider the characteristics of their work activities and workplaces and prepare their own danger warning forms.