The main examination items of the card are: blood pressure, body mass index, fetal heart rate, blood routine, urine routine, blood type, fasting blood sugar, liver and kidney function, hepatitis B virus surface antigen, Treponema pallidum, HIV screening, electrocardiogram and so on.
From the first formal check-up to the last one, it is necessary to measure blood pressure and weight, and confirm the height of uterine fundus, abdominal circumference and fetal heart rate.
Some important examination contents involved in the first stage are 15-20 weeks of Down syndrome screening, and it is necessary to draw blood to check the risk value. The lower the risk value, the lower the probability of Down syndrome.
18-26 weeks, large-scale abnormal examination can be performed, that is, three-dimensional or four-dimensional color Doppler ultrasound. This examination is mainly to see if there are any major problems in the appearance and development of the fetus. The doctor will carefully measure the fetal head circumference, abdominal circumference and thigh bone length, and check whether there are congenital abnormalities and cleft lip and palate in the spine.
There is another glucose tolerance test in about 24 weeks. Don't eat or drink water after 8 pm the day before the exam. When drinking sugar water, don't finish it all at once, but finish it in 3-5 minutes. It is best to walk more after drinking, so that the energy will be consumed within one hour, which will help reduce the blood sugar concentration.
From the 32nd week, pregnant women need to count their own fetal movements at home. According to the information provided by the prenatal hospital, the fetal movement was counted and filled in the corresponding record sheet.
From the 36th week, the fetal heart rate should be monitored before the weekly examination. When there is any abnormality, the fetal heart care unit will ask you to submit the monitoring data to the obstetrician, who will decide whether to carry out the next examination.
At the 37th week, the doctor will conduct an internal examination to confirm the fetal position, so as to decide the subsequent delivery mode (caesarean section or natural delivery).
Later, the doctor will also open the corresponding color Doppler ultrasound examination according to the actual situation of pregnant women to confirm the fetal weight and placental maturity.
In the process of prenatal examination, if some tests are abnormal, doctors usually choose the time for pregnant women to review. For example, if someone suffers from gestational diabetes and needs reexamination, they will also ask pregnant women to go to endocrinology department for diabetes education, blood sugar monitoring, diet control and attention to exercise.