Author: Lan Qirong Wang Ce Unit: Boren, Shi Jing
At present, many people have many doubts about mental health education and are confused about this work. For example, the principal wants to ask "how to carry out mental health education?" The director of the moral education department wants to ask "how to combine ideological education with mental health work?" The mental health teacher wants to ask, "How to attend the mental health class? How to design lesson plans? " And the class teacher wants to ask, "How does the class teacher do a good job in students' mental health education? "I have worked in the post of mental health education for quite some time, and I have my own ideas on many issues and want to make an analysis of the whole mental health education.
At present, there are many problems in mental health education in China: 1. Uneven development, between regions, between primary and secondary schools, between schools, between teachers and between parents. Some teachers have three to five opportunities to study abroad a year, while others have only one opportunity to study abroad a year. Although the Ministry of Education stipulates that there must be an opportunity to study abroad once every semester, it is very difficult to implement it. Relevant training for mental health teachers is arranged by government departments or the Ministry of Education, mostly for policy document study and psychological consultation. However, a lot of experience or skills are blank in practical work, so many mental health and psychological counseling teachers are still slightly weak in practical work, because there is no deep foundation and lack of consultation and practice accumulation. The principle of psychological counseling is to help others and help yourself. Only by helping yourself grow can you help others grow. However, many psychological teachers cannot do this now.
Let's talk about the construction of teachers and the psychological harm of "teacher source". Some schools have 10 to 20 mental health teachers, and some schools can only transfer teachers who are in charge of moral education or head teachers to mental health posts or take charge of mental health education. Some schools have nearly 400 classrooms for psychological counseling, group counseling and psychological education, but some schools have psychological counseling rooms in name only. This will not only promote the construction of mental health, but also cause many problems, which is counterproductive. People who don't know the major have two results: getting half the result with half the effort or getting out of control more and more disorderly, which leads to many teachers' psychological problems, that is, many teachers' own psychological quality problems, which have a negative impact on students' physical and mental health. Also known as "cold violence on campus". The teacher is in a bad mood, so are the students in several classes. Is there such a phenomenon? Yes, and it is extremely common!
How to carry out mental health education?
A good principal is a good school, and so is the development of mental health education. The headmaster's understanding of mental health education directly affects the quality of mental health education in schools.
Most principals can fully understand the significance of mental health education, but some principals still have some misunderstandings, such as: What psychological problems do some principals think pupils can have? The two children are in conflict, and it will be all right in a moment, so there is no need for mental health education. Moreover, the principal believes that mental health education is a matter for psychological teachers, and the school has a psychological counseling room. If students have any psychological problems, they should go to the psychological counseling room to find a psychological teacher to solve them. Some principals think that the school has heavy teaching tasks and tight class hours, so there is no time for mental health education. The existence of these misunderstandings by principals has seriously hindered the development of mental health education in schools.
The headmaster should correct his misunderstanding of mental health education and realize that mental health education is helpful to the development of the main work of the school.
Mental health education is not only a method and technology, but also a scientific educational concept. Some principals believe that mental health education is really necessary from the long-term development of students. However, the teaching task of the school is heavy, and the pressure for further study is great. What should I do if mental health education affects teaching? Practice has proved that the implementation of mental health education will not only "add trouble" to the school, but also greatly boost the main work of the school.
First of all, mental health education helps to improve teaching quality.
Teaching is the central work of the school, which is an unavoidable fact for any headmaster. Whether mental health education will affect teaching work is a lingering "heart disease" for principals. However, it is not difficult to see that the heavy academic burden and mental pressure have caused many students' confidence crisis and psychological obstacles. Many schools improve students' memory, thinking ability and imagination by developing their intellectual potential, teaching students learning strategies, cultivating students' good non-intellectual factors, stimulating students' interest in learning, cultivating students' learning will, cultivating students' learning methods and providing individual counseling for students with learning problems. Through mental health education, the principles, methods and techniques of psychology are used to relieve students' psychological pressure, enhance students' self-confidence and improve teaching efficiency and effect.
Secondly, mental health education is conducive to improving management efficiency.
The work scope of mental health education is very wide. Carrying out mental health education and applying the concepts and methods of mental health education to school management can arouse the enthusiasm of school staff, enhance cohesion, effectively prevent teachers' job burnout, and undoubtedly improve school management efficiency.
The promotion of school mental health education is closely related to the principal's concept of mental health education. Therefore, principals should have a broader psychological vision, better examine the school's mental health education, better coordinate the school's educational resources, and truly establish a mental health education system with class teachers and full-time and part-time psychological counseling teachers as the backbone and all teachers participating, so that mental health education can help the school work, promote the harmony of interpersonal relationships and improve the management level of the school.
How to combine ideological education with mental health work?
Mental health education is in charge of moral education. The teacher in charge of moral education has a headache after taking over the mental health work because he has no psychological foundation. Although he knows that mental health education is important, he can't implement it. According to the notice of the Guiding Outline of Mental Health Education in Primary and Secondary Schools issued by the Ministry of Education, moral education teachers should have a correct understanding of mental health education. Mental health education is not equal to ideological and moral lessons, ideological and political lessons and adolescent education. Mental health education is closely related to moral education, but it cannot be replaced by moral education, nor can it replace moral education.
Students' psychological problems cannot be simply attributed to ideological and moral problems, and attention should be paid to preventing medical flowers and disciplinary tendencies in mental health education. Mental health education is different from psychotherapy, which focuses on the prevention of students' psychological problems, the cultivation of spiritual quality and the stimulation of psychological potential. Therefore, we can't bring mental health education into the teaching of psychological knowledge and the education of psychological theory.
How to attend a mental health class? How to design lesson plans?
Many psychological teachers who are struggling in the front line of mental health education will encounter such problems, because the Ministry of Education stipulates that students' textbooks cannot be compiled except teachers' reference books, and students cannot be required to purchase textbooks in a unified way. At the same time, due to the relatively backward development of psychology and mental health education in China, related mental health teaching plans, courseware and materials are very scarce. It is not only the lack of teaching plans, but also the lack of all the materials related to mental health classes. Some teachers will spend a lot of energy and time even if they can collect the materials they need. Moreover, the mental health lesson plans collected in this way have fatal shortcomings, that is, they are not systematic, targeted, do not conform to the actual situation, and cannot evaluate their real effects.
Anyone with psychological background and foundation knows that according to the principle of developmental psychology, students of different ages have different developmental characteristics, and even the psychological characteristics and psychological education focus of each grade are different. For example, students in the lower grades of primary school are most dependent on their teachers. At school, teachers are like mothers, and every detail needs to be solved by teachers. By the end of the year, the middle-grade students' dependence on teachers has decreased. Although they are still very close to their teachers and often revolve around them, they begin to have their own judgments and opinions, and they don't want their teachers to ask about their affairs. For example, in the mental health of the fifth and sixth grades of primary school, the key point is to let students understand the basic common sense of physical and mental changes in adolescence. If this is done well, the "kissing door" will not happen at all.
Therefore, it is very important to carry out mental health education systematically, but many teachers are searching everywhere on the Internet, looking around like scavengers. Some activities are aimed at college students and junior high school students, such as the theme of adolescence. Primary schools also have adolescent heterosexual problems, but primary schools are mainly for gender identity and heterosexual conflicts, which are completely different from junior middle school boys and girls in adolescence, but they use the same. Some people find some online videos in mental health classes and show them to students casually, thinking that students can be grateful and feel ashamed by crying. Why not think about whether it will leave a psychological shadow on students? There are also many teachers with professional foundation and profound mental health education skills, and it is also very difficult to prepare lessons. I remember the most impressive time when the teacher changed PPT before and after a dozen times to 1 am for a good open class. But there are so many students in a school that only one or two mental health teachers can compile their own teaching plans, find their own relevant audio and video materials and make their own PPT courseware. How do they write lesson plans and courseware? Is it effective after giving it to students? How to evaluate?
Therefore, many people need to face up to mental health education and the work of mental health teachers. Mental health class is not a simple moral education class, activity class or subject class, but a very important comprehensive education project. As far as I know, some units in the market have developed a systematic and phased mental health class toolbox for different grades and students, equipped with teaching plans, teaching AIDS, teaching courseware and evaluation software for different grades and different themes. Teaching can be carried out systematically and pertinently, and the effect after class can be evaluated without buying relevant teaching AIDS piecemeal, searching for materials and piecing together teaching plans. But there are too few people who know how to pay attention to it and can't play its due role.
How does a class teacher do a good job in students' mental health education?
In the usual work, the class teacher should do well and carry out relevant mental health education. In addition to cooperating with mental health teachers' psychological counseling and mental health courses to ensure that they have enough fixed class hours, he will also carry out relevant lectures on mental health, popularize and publicize mental health education for parents of students, correct some parents' wrong educational methods, and hold class meetings on topics related to mental health education.
The above are my views on mental health education for many years, and some criticisms on the chaos of mental health education. I just don't want many people to delay the education in China and the development of the next generation of children.