Nursing and midwifery courses:
1, public basic course module: moral education, English, information technology foundation.
2. Specialized basic course modules: anatomical basis, physiological basis, genetics and eugenics basis, pathogenic organisms and immunology basis, pathology basis, and medicine application nursing.
3. Specialized course modules: nursing etiquette, interpersonal communication, basic nursing, health assessment, psychological and spiritual nursing, obstetrics and nursing, internal medicine nursing, surgical nursing, gynecological nursing, pediatric nursing, maternal and infant health care, and emergency nursing technology.
Graduates should have the following professional knowledge, professional skills and service attitude:
1, master the necessary knowledge of humanities and social sciences, basic medicine, clinical medicine, prevention and health care.
2, master the relevant knowledge of genetics, eugenics and national family planning policies and regulations.
3, master the basic theory of nursing, with the nursing object as the center, the use of nursing procedures to implement the basic ability of holistic nursing.
4. Have the ability to observe and standardize normal delivery, normal puerperium, neonatal care and health guidance, and can cooperate with doctors for pregnancy diagnosis and prenatal examination.
5, with dystocia and obstetric emergency, emergency patients with initial emergency treatment ability and cooperate with the rescue ability.
6. Have the basic ability to preliminarily observe and deal with the patient's condition change, psychological reaction and drug efficacy.
7, have the ability to carry out maternal and child health care and family planning guidance.
8, with standardized and skilled basic nursing and specialized nursing basic operation skills.
9. Have good interpersonal communication skills, team spirit and strong sense of service.
10, with good professional ethics, legal awareness and medical safety awareness.
1 1, proficient in basic computer operation and certain English application ability, self-study ability and professional innovation ability.
12, healthy body, good psychological quality, standardized professional behavior and strong adaptability.
Employment direction:
After graduation, you can engage in midwifery, nursing and maternal and child health care in medical, preventive and health care institutions at all levels and community health service centers. With the development of national economy and the improvement of people's living standards, the social demand for women's health service talents is also increasing, with/kloc-0 midwives per 4000 population; Humanized accompanying delivery requires a large number of high-quality midwives. After graduating from this major, you can apply for double certificates (nursing qualification certificate and midwife qualification certificate), which has a good employment prospect. According to the relevant regulations of the state, anyone who is engaged in family planning at the grassroots level must hold a midwife qualification certificate before taking up his post.
B.what courses should midwives take?
Normal human body structure, human body function, pathology, pharmacology, microbiology and immunology, basic nursing, internal medicine nursing, surgical nursing, gynecological nursing, obstetrics and nursing, pediatric nursing, maternal and infant health care, emergency nursing technology, health assessment, psychological and spiritual nursing, interpersonal communication, nursing etiquette, genetics and eugenics.
C. what does midwifery study?
Midwives should avoid bringing any pathogens into the birth canal. Disinfect the vulva of parturient according to the regulations before delivery, adhere to aseptic operation throughout the delivery process, and wear masks, hats and gloves; According to the overall situation of mother and baby, different delivery techniques are adopted. In the first stage of labor (cervical dilatation), medical staff should observe the uterine contraction, fetal heart rate, cervical dilatation and the decrease of first presentation, pay attention to blood pressure, encourage pregnant women to eat more and drink less, urinate regularly, and give warm soapy water. The second stage of labor is the time from the opening of cervix to the delivery of fetus. If the cervix is completely open and the fetal membrane is not broken, artificial rupture of the membrane is feasible. Normal cephalic delivery, fetal presentation first, natural delivery without difficulty. The key is to protect the perineum. After the cervix is fully opened, the parturient should be instructed to increase the abdominal pressure by pumping air during uterine contraction to help the fetal head drop and give birth. When the fetal head descends to the external orifice, the midwife should assist the fetal head to bend over, so that the fetal head can slowly pass through the orifice during the interval of uterine contraction, and pay attention to protecting the perineum when the fetal shoulder is delivered. When the exposed part of the fetus descends and presses the pelvic floor, the perineum is fully expanded and thinned, which is beneficial for the fetus to pass through. If it is not properly protected, it is easy to cause laceration, and the perineal laceration should be repaired in time. After the newborn is born, the mucus in the oral cavity and nasal cavity should be sucked out with a straw in time to keep the respiratory tract unobstructed. At this time, the newborn began to cry, and the sound of crying showed that the respiratory tract was clear. After disinfection, the umbilical cord was ligated with thick silk thread 0.5 cm away from the umbilical root, cut at 65438±0cm away from the umbilical root, covered with sterile gauze and wrapped with umbilical cord cloth. The third stage of labor is the period of placenta delivery, and the placenta should be assisted at this time. After the delivery of the fetus, the uterine body became hard and spherical, the uterine bottom rose, and there was a little bleeding. The exposed umbilical cord no longer retracts, indicating that the placenta has been peeled off. The midwife can hold the bottom of the uterus with her left hand and gently pull the umbilical cord with her right hand to help deliver the placenta. Check whether the fetal membrane is complete after delivery.
Postpartum observation is still needed 1 ~ 2 hours. The uterus contracts well and there is not much bleeding. The midwife can leave the parturient.
Midwifery editor
Midwifery operation
If the progress of labor is slow after the start, it is found that the birth canal or fetus is abnormal, such as tight perineum, heart disease, abnormal fetal position and so on. Surgery to prepare the birth canal (such as perineum incision) and surgery to solve the delivery (such as fetal head suction, forceps and hip traction) can be used. Surgery to change the fetal pole (such as varus). ).
perineotomy
When the perineum is too tight or the fetus is too big, it is estimated that perineum tear is inevitable; When the mother and baby have pathological conditions and need to terminate the delivery urgently; When it is planned to use fetal head aspirator, forceps or hip traction for midwifery, perineal incision is feasible, and the wound of perineal incision is neat, easy to repair and well healed. Perineal incision can be divided into lateral oblique incision (generally left) and median incision. The latter cuts less tissue, but once elongated, it is easy to spread to the sphincter, which is not suitable for unskilled people.
Fetal head aspiration
Fetal delivery is assisted by fetal head aspirator (Figure 2). It is suitable for the parturient who is not suitable for exerting force during delivery due to complicated illness, and the parturient who needs to shorten the labor process as soon as possible due to fetal distress. The fetal head aspirator is a conical or oblate hollow cylinder, one end of which is buckled on the fetal head, and the other end is connected with an inhalation syringe. After part of the air is pumped out, negative pressure is formed in the aspirator to absorb the tire head and then traction is carried out. After the fetal head is discharged from the mouth, let the air slowly enter the aspirator and then take it out. Placement of fetal head aspirator is not deep, so it is not easy to bring in pathogens, causing little damage to fetus and birth canal, but excessive negative pressure and long traction time can cause fetal head hematoma.
pincers
The operation of pulling the fetal head with forceps to deliver the fetus. Shorten the second stage of labor. Its indications are: maternal suffering from heart disease, tuberculosis, acute infectious diseases, severe pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, etc. , should not be forced; Have a history of caesarean section or recent abdominal surgery; Mild head-basin asymmetry, fetal head rotation is blocked; Poor uterine contraction or fetal distress. According to the height of the fetal head in the pelvic cavity when the forceps are placed, it can be divided into: ① low forceps, which means that the diameter between the two vertices of the fetal head has reached below the plane of the pelvic ischial spine, and a part of the fetal head can be seen from the pelvic orifice during contraction. (2) The median forceps refers to the time when the diameter between the biparietal diameters of the fetal head has reached the pelvic entrance or even the plane of the ischial spine. (3) High forceps means that the diameter between the parietal lobes of the fetal head does not pass through the pelvic entrance. Because the higher the position, the more difficult the operation, and the greater the harm to the mother and the baby, so the high forceps have long been abolished, and the intermediate forceps are gradually replaced by caesarean section, and only the low forceps are commonly used. The operating principles of forceps operation are as follows: ① Only when the fetus is alive can the operation be performed. Before placing forceps, make sure that the headless basin is not balanced, the fetus can pass through * * *, the cervix must be fully opened, and the amniotic membrane must be broken first. ② The forceps operation was seriously damaged. Before the operation, urinary catheter should be used to drain the bladder and lateral perineal incision should be made. When the baby's head is about to be delivered, the perineum should be protected to avoid further tearing. ③ The fetal position should be determined before placing forceps. If it is improperly placed or pulled too hard and too fast, it will cause fetal facial paralysis and eyeball damage. And it will also cause serious soft tissue damage to the mother.
Hip traction
In breech delivery, * * can't be fully unfolded, and there is no chance of deformation when the fetal head is delivered, so it is often difficult to come out after delivery, and its fetal mortality rate is 3 ~ 8 times higher than that in occipital anterior position. If the fetus is small or less than one month old, it can be delivered naturally without special treatment, as long as you pay attention to protecting the perineum. Otherwise hip traction is feasible. Hip traction is suitable for fetal distress or umbilical cord prolapse; Maternal women have heart disease and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome. The second stage of labor should not be forced, the uterine contraction is weak, and the cervix is fully open after varus. Divided into:
① Hip midwifery (partial hip traction), the fetus can be naturally delivered to the navel, and the midwife needs to loosen the umbilical cord to help deliver the whole body. This is the main way of breech delivery.
② Complete hip traction requires artificial assistance to deliver the fetus. Open ether anesthesia can be used to relax muscles for traction. In breech delivery, the delivery should be completed within 8 minutes after the umbilical cord is delivered, so as to avoid the death or disability of the fetus due to prolonged hypoxia. Due to insufficient traction and expansion of the hip joint, premature intervention often leads to the death of the baby and serious damage to the mother, so it is not appropriate to do it without sufficient indications. It is best to take caesarean section as soon as possible when breech presentation is dystocia.
Internal inversion
One hand is in the uterine cavity and the other hand is in the abdominal wall, which turns the fetal position that is not conducive to childbirth into a favorable fetal position. Indications: When individual transverse live births are delivered unconditionally by caesarean section, the first twin has been delivered, and the second twin has turned to transverse position or fetal distress, so it is necessary to deliver quickly. The operating principles are as follows: ① The cervix has been completely or nearly completely opened; The fetal membrane is not broken or broken soon; There is still enough amniotic fluid in the uterine cavity; Uterine rupture without warning; The headless basin is not weighed, and it can only be inverted if it has the above items. ② Uterine muscles should be completely relaxed under general anesthesia before operation.
D. What are the main courses of midwifery and nursing?
1. Basic cultural courses: mainly to improve students' basic cultural knowledge and lay a solid foundation for the study of specialized courses. At the same time, we also organize students to take English, computer grade examination and chemical skill certificate examination, which provides a strong guarantee for students to continue their further studies in higher vocational colleges in the future: mainly moral education, physical education and health, English, mathematics, biology, chemistry, computer application foundation, Chinese and other courses.
2. Professional basic courses: mainly lay the foundation for subsequent professional courses. The main courses include: anatomical physiology, pharmacology, biology, biochemistry, immunology, pathogenic biology, pathology and other courses.
3. Specialized courses: The main courses are: basic nursing, internal medicine, surgery, maternal and infant health care, obstetrics (including nursing knowledge), pediatrics (including nursing knowledge), infectious diseases, and five sense organs science.
4. Elective courses: Students can choose to take some courses according to their learning interests. The main elective courses are: medical learning methods, medical writing, medical introduction, heredity and eugenics, aesthetic education, nurse etiquette, medical literature retrieval, interpersonal communication, common sense of public relations, mental health education for students, Latin and prescription, medical ethics, nursing of the elderly and psychiatry, basic knowledge of Chinese medicine, nutrition and diet, emergency medicine, etc.
E. How to understand the course of midwifery
The main modules of midwifery major include public basic courses, professional basic courses and professional courses.
Public basic course module: it belongs to moral education foundation, English and information technology.
Professional basic course modules: anatomical basis, physiological basis, genetics and eugenics basis, pathogenic organisms and immunology basis, pathology basis, and drug application nursing.
Professional course modules: nursing etiquette, interpersonal communication, basic nursing, health assessment, psychological and spiritual nursing, obstetrics and nursing, internal medicine nursing, surgical nursing, gynecological nursing, pediatric nursing, maternal and infant health care, and emergency nursing technology.
F. What courses are there for midwifery in secondary school?
Of course, I am a nurse, but the employment direction is not limited to nurses. If conditions permit, I can also engage in nursing research and teaching in medical colleges. Midwifery has high characteristics of clinical midwifery, perinatal health care and nursing, and it is not difficult for medical talents to engage in medical treatment, health care, scientific research, teaching and management in hospitals and teaching units at all levels. Choosing a school is also very important. You'd better think about it more. No matter what you study! As long as you learn it, it will naturally be useful!
G. Main courses of nursing specialty
Human anatomy, physiology, medical ethics, psychology, basic diagnostics, drug therapy, basic nursing, acute and severe nursing, internal medicine nursing, surgical nursing, obstetrics and gynecology and pediatric nursing, mental nursing, preventive medicine, nursing management, etc. There are 36 compulsory courses, with a total of 3727 class hours, including 282 class hours for two courses and 280 class hours for foreign languages.
The undergraduate nursing program lasts for four years. According to the requirements of modern medical model, we should cultivate senior professionals with humanities and social sciences, medicine, preventive health care knowledge, nursing management, nursing teaching and nursing research. Students in this major mainly study the knowledge of humanities and social sciences, basic theory of basic medicine, preventive health care, basic knowledge and clinical nursing skills training, and have the basic ability to implement community health service of holistic nursing department for the clients.
H. what books should midwifery major study?
Human structure, human function, gynecological care, pediatric care, internal medicine care, surgical care, obstetrics and nursing, pathology, pharmacology, microbiology and immunity, maternal and child health care, emergency care, health assessment psychology, interpersonal communication, etc.
Midwives, that is, nurses who stay in the delivery room to help pregnant women give birth, are collectively called midwives. Midwifery majors can take the nurse qualification examination.
The following are relevant policies:
In secondary vocational schools and institutions of higher learning, those who have completed the general full-time courses of nursing and midwifery for more than 3 years as stipulated by the education authorities in the State Council and the health authorities in the State Council, including engaging in nursing clinical practice for more than 8 months in teaching and general hospitals, and obtained corresponding academic certificates may apply for taking the nurse qualification examination.
However, if you want to apply for the nurse qualification examination, you need to meet the following conditions:
1, obtained the corresponding professional secondary school education, and worked as a nurse for 5 years;
2. Obtain a college degree in the corresponding major and have been employed as a nurse for 3 years;
3. Obtain a bachelor's degree or master's degree in the corresponding major, and have been engaged in technical work in this major for 1 year.
1. What is the major of midwifery in health school?
The replication midwifery major of Chengdu Railway Health School was established in 200 1, which is a newly developed major of the school. This major has a strong faculty and complete teaching facilities. In addition to * * * enjoying the facilities and equipment of "Clinical Medical Training Center", there are also high-end training equipment such as full-function delivery and first aid model and neonatal cardiopulmonary resuscitation model, which fully meet the requirements of the syllabus issued by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health. Most of the professional courses offered by midwifery major are the same as nursing major, including: heredity and eugenics, obstetrics and nursing, gynecological nursing, maternal and infant health care, etc. Three-year technical secondary school students study theory and practice for two years at school and practice for ten months. The students completed all their studies and passed the examination, and obtained the graduation certificate of midwifery major from Chengdu Railway Health School issued by Sichuan Provincial Department of Education. In the year of graduation, you can sign up for the national nurse qualification examination and obtain the corresponding professional qualifications. The employment rate of midwifery graduates is high, and the employment rate of graduates who have obtained the professional qualification of nurses can reach 100%.
The social demand is also relatively large. It's good. You'd better study advanced nursing.
J. Main contents of midwifery specialty
Introduction to midwifery:
Training objectives: This major cultivates high-quality and capable professionals with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique and aesthetics, with basic medicine, clinical nursing, basic theories of maternal and child health care and professional skills in midwifery, and engaged in clinical midwifery and maternal and child health care.
Main courses: Practical English, Human Structure and Function, Pathology, Biochemistry, Nursing Pharmacology, Pathogenic Microorganism and Immunology, Health Assessment, Basic Nursing, Nursing Aesthetics, Adult Nursing, Pediatric Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing, ENT Nursing, Community Nursing, Statistics, Women's Occupational Hygiene, Advanced Obstetrics and Gynecology Practical Courses (pregnancy diagnosis training, neonatal treatment training, prenatal care, delivery).
Graduation destination: maternity and child institutions at all levels, obstetrics department of general hospital.