In English, ing is the suffix of the verb (that is, adding a suffix after the verb), and it is the participle form of the verb progressive tense (be+doing), such as:
He is tidying up his home. (He is doing his homework)
At the same time, some verbs can change their noun forms by adding suffixes, such as:
Swimming → swimming
Rules for verbs to become continuous verbs:
Verbs end with a single e, and e is removed; Adding ing verbs ends in ee and directly adds ing, such as: agree→ agree; See → see
Verbs are monosyllabic: they end with monosyllabic letters and monosyllabic letters, and consonants are written in pairs.
Verbs are disyllabic or polysyllabic: the last syllable is stressed, ending with monosyllabic letters and monosyllabic letters, and consonants are written in pairs, followed by ing.
Verbs ending in y are directly added with ing, or they are preceded by consonants+vowels+consonants.
past tense
Verbs that express the general past tense are usually expressed in the form of the past tense of verbs, and the past tense of verbs is changed on the basis of the prototype of verbs. The past tense of verbs can be divided into regular verbs and irregular verbs. The past tense changes of regular verbs are as follows:
(1) In general, add -ed after the verb, such as:
Work, play, be wanted, perform.
(2) Verbs ending in the silent -e and adding -d after the verb, such as:
Life moved, decided to refuse, hoped that judgment would be improved and erased.
(3) For verbs ending with consonant +y, change -y to -i and then add -ed, as shown in the following:
Studied, tried, copied, justified, shouted, carried, embodied and emptied.
(4) A stressed closed syllable verb ending in a consonant, with a double suffix consonant and -ed, such as:
Stop begging, fidgeting, procrastinating, giving up, planning, dribs and drabs.
(5) Note: The past tense changes of irregular verbs are irregular and need more memory.
go-go，make - made，get-get，buy-buy，come-come，fly-fly，is/am-was，are-was，see-saw，bring-bring，do-do，teach-teached，think-thought，are-was，say-say，sit-sat。
comparative degree
Monosyllabic words and a few disyllabic words with suffixes -er, -est constitute the comparative degree and superlative degree.
The highest level of the original comparative level of constitutional method.
General monosyllabic word tall (tall)
Plus-uh-great ending.
Two-syllable words ending in the silent e and ending in -le only add -r and-st.
Ok, capable.
Closed syllables ending in consonants, consonants ending in two letters, and monosyllabic words of -er, -est.
Big (big) is bigger and biggest.
Hot) hotter and hottest.
A disyllabic word ending in "consonant +y", changed from y to I, and then added
-Uh-huh.-It's easy (easy)
Easy and easy, busy and busy
A few disyllabic words ending in -er, -ow plus -er, -est at the end.
The cleverest
The narrowest
Other disyllabic words and important
Polysyllabic words, the former is more important.
Add more, the most important thing
Form a comparative degree and easy (easy)
The highest level. easier
Easiest
2) Irregular changes
The original comparative degree is the highest.
Good/better is best
Um (healthy)
worst
Sick
Older; elder
Much more
neither more nor less than
Farthest/farther
Comparative adjective or adverb +than
You are taller than me. /You are taller than me.
The light in your room is as bright as that in mine.
note:
1) to avoid reusing comparison grades.
He is cleverer than his brother.
He is cleverer than his brother.
He is cleverer than his brother.
2) Avoid including the subject in the comparison object.
China is bigger than any other country in Asia.
(Right) China is bigger than any other country in Asia.
3) Pay attention to the corresponding sentence patterns and follow the principle of consistency.
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.
Introduction to famous works
& lt How steel is tempered >
This book tells the story that Pavel Colta King, the hero, has evolved from a poor teenager struggling at the bottom of society to a proletarian revolutionary fighter who has struggled for the cause of the motherland and the people all his life. Young Paul used to be a shop assistant and was bullied. Stole a German pistol and was jailed for saving Zhu. Tossing and turning in the battlefield filled with smoke, countless times struggling on the death line; After the victory of the revolution, he devoted himself to national construction ... In this process, Paul showed the noble character of perseverance, courage and selfless dedication of a real proletarian revolutionary soldier. He dedicated his precious youth to the party and the people, and bravely picked up a pen to serve the people under the condition of paralysis. Paul's spirit is an eternal banner, and Paul's deeds and character are an example for every teenager in the 2 1 century.
& lt Jane Eyre;
The uniqueness of Jane Eyre lies not only in the authenticity and strong appeal of the novel, but also in the fact that the novel has created an independent and enterprising female image that is not subject to secular pressure. The love story of Jane Eyre to Rochester in the novel vividly shows her fiery passion and sincere heart, and strongly reveals her love view. She despised the arrogance of powerful people, laughed at their stupidity, and showed independent personality and beautiful ideals. She boldly loved what she loved, but when she found that the person she loved still had a wife, she resolutely left the person and place she missed. The idea expressed in the novel, that is, women are unwilling to be assigned their position by society and demand independence and equality in work and even marriage, was extraordinary at that time and was also a great shock to the British literary world. At the fictional end of the novel, Jane Eyre gets a legacy and returns to the lonely and helpless Rochester. Although this plot is worthy of scrutiny, it reveals the author's ideal-women's independence and equality in economy, social status and family, and their unswerving loyalty to love.
& lt star spring water >
19 19 winter night, my brother Bingzhong and I were reading Tagore's Birds. Bing chong said to me, "don't you always say that sometimes your thoughts are too fragmented to be written into paragraphs?" In fact, it can also be collected like this. " From then on, I sometimes write it down in a small notebook.
/kloc-in the summer of 0/920, Uncle Bing, the second brother, dug out this little notebook from the pile of books. He read it again and wrote the word "star" on the first page.
192 1 autumn, my younger brother bingji said, "sister! Can you also print these short stories on paper? " I wrote the last paragraph and published it. It's a fragmentary idea two years ago. After three children's appraisal, this is the preface of the star.
A Dream in Red Mansions
A dream of red mansions, endless, endless, is really a wonderful book!
A Dream of Red Mansions is the most famous, widely circulated, read and published novel in ancient China. Since the publication of this classic, critics have mushroomed and commented on it, naturally forming a remarkable school-A Dream of Red Mansions. People are still publishing, reading and studying A Dream of Red Mansions. This is the eternal charm of this classic and this is the immortal value of this classic. Master of North and South Chinese painting, it took two years to create 350 colorful Chinese paintings. The painter artistically reproduces the rich social life and vivid characters of the original with pictures, descriptions of modality, performance of scenes, splashing ink and thick ink, or meticulous sketches.
[Literary Works] Journey to the West
Wu Cheng'en's mythical novel The Journey to the West, with its grand scale, tortuous plot, vivid language and rich imagination, is a treasure in China's ancient novels. "Famous Artists Painting Four Classic Novels Journey to the West" invited more than 40 famous painters, including Dai Dunbang and Zhao Hongben, to draw 240 Chinese paintings with high artistic content, either rough and bold, or simple and beautiful, with colorful paintings of people, gods, demons, monsters, mountains, water, flowers, insects, birds and animals, sketched with meticulous brushwork, or freehand brushwork, or rough and bold. Words add elegance to the painting, and the painting has a unique charm, with pictures and texts alternating.
The Water Margin?
Shi Naian's novel Water Margin has extremely vivid life scenes and colorful characters. Water Margin 108 is a wonderful work in China's ancient novels, with different identities and temperament. The essay "Four Classical Novels of Water Margin Painted by Famous Artists" integrates 293 Chinese paintings, which are jointly drawn by 4 1 Chinese painting masters such as Dai Guobang, He Youzhi and Chen Baiyi. All painters have painted vivid life scenes, vivid characters and far-reaching significance.
Romance of the Three Kingdoms
In the history of China literature, perhaps no work has attracted so many readers for so long as The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. For hundreds of years, she has been handed down from generation to generation by our whole nation. Reading The Romance of The Three Kingdoms has penetrated into every corner of our national life. Famous painters Dai Guobang, Chen Baiyi, Dai Honghai and other 35 painters drew four great classical novels, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and drew 292 Chinese paintings with colored pencils. You painters have different styles, various schools, meticulous brushwork or freehand brushwork, such as flowing water in one go. They have richly displayed the grand war scenes and many characters in the Three Kingdoms period, reached the peak of painting creation in The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, and also displayed the unique charm of Chinese painting, which is not a treasure of China. In particular, some well-known chapters, such as Taoyuan Jieyi, Fengyi Pavilion, the theory of cooking wine heroes, three visits to the cottage, a thousand battles of Confucianism, borrowing arrows from grass boats, and Meng Huo's seven escapes, are brilliant.