Article 1
Abstract: Positive psychology pays attention to the positive aspects of human nature, such as strength and virtue, and strives to make life more meaningful. Based on the analysis of students' psychological problems and the present situation of mental health education in independent colleges, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to put forward effective mental health education countermeasures from the perspective of positive psychology.
Keywords: positive psychology; Mental health education; Independent college
As the highlight of higher education reform, independent colleges are a booming emerging force. In recent years, the mental health of colleges and universities has been paid attention to, and independent colleges are no exception. However, at present, the mental health education in colleges and universities basically follows the previous negative psychology or pathological psychology model, focusing on correcting psychological problems, which can neither fundamentally prevent the emergence of problems, nor develop students' positive psychological potential, and really improve students' mental health level.
To change the present situation of mental health education, we must break the traditional situation and introduce positive psychology into mental health education in colleges and universities. According to the characteristics of independent college students' physical and mental development, it is important and urgent to carry out targeted educational exploration. Independent colleges must carry out mental health education in an all-round way by combining their own independent management forms and flexible employment mechanism.
First, an overview of positive psychology
At the end of 20th century, psychologists Seligman and Csikzentmihlyi first put forward the concept of "positive psychology", which is a psychological trend of thought that uses relatively perfect and effective experimental methods and measurement methods of psychology to study the positive aspects of human strength and virtue. Subsequently, more and more psychologists set foot in this research field, which has become an important trend in the development of contemporary psychology.
Positive psychology requires psychologists to look at people's potential, motivation and ability with an open and appreciative eye, which is different from traditional psychological research. At present, the research of positive psychology mainly focuses on positive emotions and experiences, personality characteristics, positive emotions and health, and training talents. Positive emotion and experience are one of the main aspects of positive psychology research, among which subjective well-being and happiness are the most studied, and a lot of research results have been obtained. Positive personality characteristics are also one of the main contents of research, and the research on optimism is more concerned because optimism makes people see more beautiful things. A positive psychological and emotional state is of great significance to maintaining or promoting physical health, which can increase people's psychological resources and enhance people's psychological ability.
Second, independent college students' psychological problems and mental health education.
1. Mental health status of students in independent colleges
Many studies show that the mental health problems of students in independent colleges are more prominent than those in public colleges. Through investigation, Zhang Xiang found that the mental health level of private college students is obviously lower than that of ordinary college students. He believes that the psychological barriers of students in private colleges and universities are mainly manifested in inferiority, sense of loss, anxiety and depression. Similarly, some studies show that the mental health status of students in private colleges and universities is worse than that of ordinary colleges and universities, and 7.5% students have moderate or above mental health problems. However, some studies show that the mental health of students in private colleges is better than that of students in ordinary colleges. The analysis shows that college students in independent colleges generally show difficulties in adapting to the environment, obstacles in interpersonal relationships, low self-identity and inferiority in choosing a job.
2. The existing mental health education model of independent colleges.
(1) Single psychological counseling and treatment mode
Some colleges and universities simplify mental health education, mainly consulting and correcting students' psychological problems or obstacles, but this model only meets the needs of some students, lacks psychological consultation and training for all students, and cannot meet the psychological development needs of the majority of students. The school's psychological work mode is single, lacking effective publicity and popularization of mental health knowledge, and students' awareness of self-mental health care is poor.
(2) Simplify the moral education mode
Due to the enterprise operation mode of independent colleges, there is a lack of in-depth understanding of the connotation of students' mental health education, partly because of limited educational resources and insufficient investment, and then the mental health education and moral education are merged, which makes the mental health education of college students have a simplified administrative management mode.
Therefore, we must actively explore various effective measures to establish a mental health maintenance model suitable for the characteristics of independent college students as soon as possible to promote the healthy growth of students.
Third, the new exploration of independent college students' mental health education from the perspective of positive psychology
The attention of positive psychology to mental health and good mental state is consistent with the purpose of mental health education. Therefore, we can try to explore a new direction from the perspective of positive psychology and provide a new way for mental health education.
1. Integrate the value orientation of positive psychology and the goal of mental health education.
Mental health education should be guided by the value orientation of positive psychology, integrate various elements and objectives, change the negative value orientation, and replace the goal of disease prevention with the goal of cultivating positive psychological quality. In practice, educators need to adjust their working methods and change the previous educational model that focuses on individual consultation. Strengthen the publicity of mental health for students in the whole school, and carry out a series of positive psychological counseling and training from the beginning of students' enrollment, enhance students' self-care awareness, shape and cultivate students' quality, and achieve the purpose of actively preventing psychological problems.
2. Combine the concept of positive psychology to improve mental health cognition.
For students in independent colleges, simply correcting problems and treating diseases cannot make individuals truly healthy. We must take a two-pronged approach to cultivate individual positive psychological quality while treating and correcting. Therefore, educators need to understand and accept the concept of positive psychology, change some misunderstandings and publicize it in depth. For example, according to the viewpoint of positive psychology, real mental health is not only pathological, but also positive and rich psychological experience, which develops positive personality quality and then transmits it to students' positive psychological cognitive system, and on this basis, improves the level of mental health.
3. Expand the content and form of mental health education by combining the research content of positive psychology.
Efforts will be made to integrate positive psychology into the three-level education system of mental health propaganda, psychological courses and psychological counseling. First of all, combine the concept of positive psychology to carry out mental health education and publicity, create a good environment for students' personality development, and carry out mental health education extensively and effectively. Secondly, as the main channel of mental health education in colleges and universities, mental health education courses can involve more positive psychology, provide a positive classroom environment, guide students to pay attention to and cultivate their own personality qualities such as subjective well-being, self-esteem and self-confidence, and construct a positive self-concept. Third, try to explore the role of practical positive psychology in psychological consultation and consultation. For example, combining the technology of cognitive behavioral therapy with the principle of positive psychology in psychological counseling, or organizing group counseling based on the theory of positive psychology, so that students can experience the charm of positive counseling in a happy atmosphere.
In a word, in order to achieve practical results, mental health education in independent colleges must be based on the category of positive psychology, adhere to the positive and dynamic development concept, and guide students to form a positive personality and attitude towards life. Active education shows us a developmental education model, which provides new ideas and ways for independent colleges to carry out mental health education and quality education.
References:
[1] Li Jinzhen, Wang Wenzhong, Shi Jiannong. A new research direction. Advances in psychological science, 2003,11(3): 321-327.
[2] Zhang Xiang. A comparative study on the mental health of students in private colleges and universities. Journal of Health Psychology, 2003,11(4): 260-261.
[3] Ma Ming, Wang Faneng, etc. Investigation and study on mental health of students in private colleges and universities. China medical ethics, 2006, 19 (2): 97-99.
[4] Zhai, Yang, Liu Xin. Comparison of mental health between private colleges and universities. Journal of Guizhou Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 2006,24 (1): 43-47.
[5] Xu Ling, Feng Wei. A comparative study on the psychological characteristics of students in private colleges and universities in Xi [J]. Youth Studies, 20065438+0 (8):15-18.
[6] Chen Hong, Song,,. A new perspective of mental health education in colleges and universities. China Journal of Health Psychology, 2007,15 (12):13-115.
the second
The Application of Group Counseling in College Students' Mental Health Education
Abstract: With the rapid development of education in China, the comprehensiveness of higher vocational education is constantly improving. Mental health education is an important part of higher vocational education. Using mental health education to guide the psychological development direction of higher vocational students and help them solve psychological problems is conducive to the harmony of campus environment and the healthy growth of higher vocational students. Applying group counseling teaching activities to mental health teaching in higher vocational colleges will make college students' mental health education develop in an innovative direction.
Keywords: higher vocational colleges; Mental health; Classroom; Team counseling; App application
In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, the growth environment of college students is more complicated, and the psychological pressure of college students' study and employment is increasing. Implementing mental health education and innovating mental health education methods are important measures for education to serve students. Applying the principle of group counseling to carry out mental health education in higher vocational colleges will help more students find effective ways to solve personal problems, enrich their psychological experience and help achieve the goal of mental health education.
First, the role of group counseling in college students' mental health education
(A) is conducive to the interesting content of mental health education
Implementing college students' mental health education in the form of group consultation will design some related activities according to the actual needs of college students' mental health development, so that students can experience it in specific activity situations. Carefully designed mental health activities are lively and interesting, and paying more attention to college students' psychological feelings is conducive to the formation of a harmonious atmosphere. The application of group counseling provides teachers with opportunities to organize diversified activities, which is conducive to the interest of teaching content.
(B) conducive to the interaction between teachers and students in mental health education
Group counseling significantly increased the number of participants in mental health education activities. As the organizer of mental health classes, teachers can interact with more students, enrich the materials of mental health education activities and promote a lively classroom atmosphere. Group counseling helps teachers encourage students from many angles and guide students to discuss and communicate on the same topic. Students' different views on the same problem will make the classroom open and help students find more ways to solve personal problems.
Second, the application of group counseling in college students' mental health education
In order to make group counseling play a greater role in college students' mental health education, teachers should integrate group counseling mode into college students' study and life content from the teaching content and teaching objectives of mental health. Let group counseling activities really serve the improvement of students' quality of life and promote the healthy development of students' psychology.
(A) the use of group counseling to strengthen self-awareness education
Let students explore themselves, have a more comprehensive understanding of themselves, let them bravely express themselves and establish a healthy personal image, which is the first step of mental health education. In group counseling activities, teachers can design different psychological learning activities. Teachers can use the activity of "Who am I" to make students say the sentence of 15 "I am ……", so as to understand themselves more deeply. In the process of classroom teaching, using the "value auction" game, assuming that each student is given a certain amount of money, the auction items such as "health", "honesty" and "big house" are displayed to the students for them to bid, so as to think about their life pursuit and reflect on their world outlook and values, which is conducive to the formation of students' self-awareness.
(B) the use of group counseling to promote interpersonal communication.
The implementation of the theme activities of interpersonal communication focuses on making students understand the significance of interpersonal communication, master the correct methods of interpersonal communication, and form good will quality. In the process of mental health education, teachers should guide college students to establish a positive concept of interpersonal communication and promote them to become successful communicators. Teachers can make use of the game of "trust back fall" to make a person stand on a high place and lie down with his back to others. What others have to do is to respond to the former's trust and catch him with their hands. Trust is an essential quality and a skill of interpersonal communication. Use group activities to help college students change their interpersonal communication strategies, improve their personal charm and form a sound personality.
(3) Use group counseling to control emotions.
The emotional control ability of college students has an important influence on their daily behavior and life happiness. Only by effectively controlling your emotions can you become the master of your emotions and become your own master. Teachers can organize students to do some interesting activities, such as "writing outside". The teacher designed some situations for the students to speak their inner thoughts. For example, "I was misunderstood by my friends. When I saw two classmates whispering together, I took a look at it myself. Everyone went out to the party without calling me. " When students express their views with negative emotions, encourage them to discuss the normality of this idea together. When students have negative emotions such as anxiety, they can be guided to do some relaxation training to alleviate their negative emotions. Such activities can make some psychological secrets public and promote classroom activities easily.
(D) Use group counseling to adjust love psychology.
Falling in love is a normal activity for higher vocational students. Using group mental health education activities to cultivate students' healthy love concept and ability is conducive to the harmony of campus atmosphere. Teachers can use the activity of "Little Contradictions between Couples" to let students share their contradictions in the process of love, and we can think about solutions together. Using classroom discussion to help college students solve the confusion and untie the knot in love is beneficial to college students to feel their inner feelings more naturally and to be able to pay and tolerate in a period of emotion. Normal love psychology of college students can reduce many campus conflicts and violent incidents. Paying attention to love education is a practice to improve the integrity of mental health education.
Third, the conclusion
To sum up, applying group counseling method to college students' mental health education will help students to participate in mental health teaching activities and expand methods to solve psychological problems. Using interesting classroom activities to teach more effective methods to solve college students' psychological problems is conducive to optimizing the classroom teaching effect and making students have a happy learning experience in the mental health classroom.
References:
[1] Qiu Xiaoyan, Tang Jun. An empirical study on the application of group counseling in college students' mental health education courses [J]. journal of educational science of hunan normal university, 201:115-165438+.
[2], Pan Le, Wei Xin, Du. Research on the application of group counseling in college students' mental health education [J]. Century Bridge, 2015,02: 69-70.