Psychologists believe that long-term negative and bad psychological hints will make the mood fluctuate, which will inevitably affect the cognitive thinking process of individuals, make people form bad psychological reactions and behavior patterns, and even seriously affect their health. For children who lack discrimination, bad psychological reactions are more likely to form and precipitate, and even seriously affect their life development.
Psychological research shows that everyone will always accept psychological hints of one kind or another in life, some of which are positive and some are negative. Some sensitive, fragile and dependent people, such as women and children, are more likely to accept hints.
Therefore, as parents and teachers, they play an important role in the normal development of children, especially what parents say and do will promote or restrict the healthy development of children's thinking ability and psychology. In any case, children should be given as much positive and healthy psychological influence as possible, as well as practical help and guidance. In addition, it is more conducive for children to form a correct self-concept and proper self-cognition after adulthood and find a correct position in society.
Second, pay attention to children's mental health.
Parents should pay attention to their children's mental health from two aspects:
1, parents pay attention to their children's mental health and learn to see through their children's minds. Children with psychological problems generally have the following manifestations:
1- 1, easily nervous, worried, anxious, afraid to associate with people, timid, and always insecure inside.
1-2, sensitive and suspicious, overly restrained, thinking too much, indecisive, paying attention to details, doing things perfectly, with obsessive-compulsive tendency.
1-3. Some children are nervous and anxious, but what they tell their parents or doctors is somatization symptoms such as headache, insomnia, gastrointestinal discomfort and listlessness.
1-4. Some children's psychological problems are hidden and difficult to find. The concrete manifestations are: things to be done are delayed, problems are always delayed, and some even go drinking, throwing problems out of consciousness and not solving them.
1-5, vent when encountering setbacks and problems that cannot be solved, and vent by throwing things.
1-6, escape from the reality of normal life. For example, sleeping during the day and surfing the internet all night at night; Tired of learning, wandering the streets all day or running away from home. Introverted, silent and pessimistic thoughts and behaviors.
2. To pay attention to children's mental health, we must first understand children, understand children, know their psychological needs, and know their feelings. Parents usually need to do the following when educating their children:
2- 1. Don't get too close to children. Children should be encouraged to live, study and play with people of the same age, so as to learn how to get along with others and master interpersonal skills.
2-2, don't care too much about children, it is easy for children to be too self-centered and think that everyone should respect him, and as a result, they become arrogant people.
2-3. Don't praise the child too much, he has achievements in his work. If you praise him too much, he will get into the bad psychology of fishing for fame.
2-4, don't get emotional with children, parents should keep emotional restraint when getting along with children. Don't be too emotional, it will make children sensitive and suspicious, emotionally unstable and timid.
2-5, don't cheat and scare children, it will lose the authority of parents in the eyes of children, and children will not listen to all warnings in the future.
2-6. Respect children, don't expose their shortcomings in public, and don't criticize or laugh at them in public in front of peers. This will damage children's self-esteem and lead to unhealthy psychology such as inferiority, timidity and escape. Invisible bad stimuli will strengthen children's weaknesses.
2-7. Cultivating children's sense of self-worth is conducive to cultivating children's self-esteem and self-confidence, and taking advantage of various opportunities to help children acquire the abilities they may master. This requires parents to have a suitable expectation for their children. This requirement must be achieved by children through hard work. In addition, let the children solve their own problems as much as possible. Design some situations that can promote children's success. Adults must be patient and let their children complete the activities within their power, and must not interfere or arrange, so that children will never feel the successful experience.
2-8. Cultivation of positive emotions. Parents should cultivate their children's positive and optimistic mood when educating them, because this mood is an important condition for their normal psychological development and healthy physical development. Parents should set an example to educate their children and keep this kind of mood at all times, which is conducive to cultivating children's happy and positive emotional state.
Third, keep children's mental health
1, emotional investment-make children happy every day
A relaxed and happy mood can enable children to carry out various activities smoothly, and parents should always keep their children in high spirits. Children's emotional development is characterized by susceptibility to infection. In order for children to have a good emotional experience, parents should:
1- 1, set an example for children to imitate, and always use the optimistic children of emotional contagion.
1-2, parents should establish a harmonious and tacit relationship, so as to have a subtle influence on their children. The child's face is a barometer of the relationship between parents, which is the truth.
1-3, emotional investment in children. Campbell, an American psychologist, suggested that parents should make corresponding spiritual investments to make their children mentally healthy. Look at the child affectionately, have warm physical contact with the child, and care for the child wholeheartedly.
2. Respect children-let children feel that their parents are amiable and respectable.
2- 1. Respect children. Although young, she should be regarded as an independent member of the family, with her own feelings and needs. Putting down the shelf of parents and bending down to talk to children can reduce the sense of dignity, make children feel that their parents are equal to themselves, and maintain a happy mood and harmonious relationship with their families.
2-2. Parents should be polite to their children, and don't beat and scold them. No matter what good things or achievements children have done, parents should congratulate them and never be stingy with their appreciation. The correct attitude of parents towards their children should be to love but not to flatter, to be strict and amiable. Children who grow up in such a democratic, free, relaxed and gentle atmosphere will inevitably show good qualities such as enthusiasm, frankness, liveliness, cheerfulness, self-confidence, strong activity ability, friendliness to people and strong social adaptability.
3. Persuasion-let children know themselves.
3- 1. Whether children can correctly understand themselves and evaluate their abilities is an important indicator of their mental health. In order to help children form a good self-image, develop their self-esteem and improve their self-awareness level, parents should let their children realize that there is only one me in the world. I am unique, with a beautiful name, short black hair, small mouth and big eyes; I am very capable. I can eat, dress, cut paper, draw pictures and play the piano by myself. I can walk, run, jump and climb with my own feet. I can smell different smells with my nose and hear all kinds of wonderful sounds with my ears. I have many advantages, but I also have some shortcomings. However, through hard work, I can correct my shortcomings and be a good boy.
3-2. It is also important to mold children's good personality. When cultivating children's independence, parents should educate them in daily life and let them do their own things; When cultivating children's self-control, parents should work with their children to formulate rules and regulations, encourage their children to be captains of family inspections, and take the lead in observing family rules and laws.
3-3. In order to make children adapt to collective life and get better survival and development, parents must also cultivate children's awareness of cooperation with others, train children's cooperative behavior and increase their cooperative ability. To make children realize the value of cooperation with others, they can play games. For example, parents and children play a game to help the blind cross the road, let the children dress up as blind first, and parents help them cross the road; Then parents pretend to be blind and let their children cross the road. The road to children's growth cannot be smooth sailing. Parents should pay attention to cultivate their children's skills to overcome failures and eliminate fears, hone their will and improve their ability to resist setbacks.
4. The way to raise children should be correct-raise and educate children as much as possible. On the one hand, children have a strong psychological need to be with their parents. If this need is not met, it is easy to produce unhealthy psychology such as emotional hunger, abandonment and so on. On the other hand, if children are brought up by grandparents, they are easily spoiled, and the gap between educational level and concept often leads to incorrect education. If children are raised by other relatives, they often feel nervous and anxious because they are afraid that their children will not be able to give up their education. These are all unfavorable factors.
5, the influence of the environment-create a good emotional environment.
Family is the first environment that children come into contact with. Parents' correct attitude towards children, harmonious family atmosphere, strict and appropriate education methods and parents' exemplary role are the necessary conditions for children to form healthy personality and behavior. The relationship between family members should be harmonious, equal, caring and loving. Children living and growing in a good emotional environment will feel free, comfortable, warm and happy, thus forming a healthy personality. Parents should also pay more attention to their children's daily behaviors and psychological changes, especially when the environment changes, such as school transfer and family relocation, so that some bad emotions can be effectively controlled at the beginning.
In short, to maintain and improve children's mental health level and improve their overall psychological quality, we should pay attention to the construction of both material environment and humanistic environment; That is, we should attach importance to special mental health education activities and penetrate into all aspects of life; That is, we should face all the people and pay attention to a few young children; That is, kindergartens should attach great importance to it, and families and society should pay attention to and participate in it. Only through the joint efforts of all parties can we achieve good educational results. I hope I can help you.