Calligraphy knowledge 100 questions 1. Calligraphy knowledge 100 questions
1. Do you know what "calligraphy" contains? ...................... (1) 2. What is the meaning of "Shu Dao"? What are the similarities and differences with "calligraphy"? …………………………………………………………………………………… (2) 3. Do you know what "calligraphy" means? ........................ (2) 4. Do you know what calligraphy is? …………………………………………………………… (3) 5. What is "calligraphy aesthetics"? …………………………………………………………………………………… (4) 6. What is the content of "Calligraphy Philosophy"? .................. (4) 7. What is the difference between "calligraphy art" and "calligraphy works"? ............ (5) 8. What does the content and form of "calligraphy art" mean? .................. (6) 9. What are the contents and forms of "calligraphy works"? ......................... (6)10. Please talk about the independence of calligraphy art form ......................................................................................................................... What is the relationship between "degree" and calligraphy? ........................... (7) 12. Please talk about the ontology of calligraphy, ....................... (8) 1 3. Please talk about the abstract art of calligraphy ..................................................................................... (1 1) 16. What are the dimensions of calligraphy? ………………………………………… (13)17. How to understand the relationship between calligraphy and society? ……………………………… (14)18. What is "calligraphy management"? What does it include? ............. (16) 19. Please talk about "calligraphy economics" and ...................... (17) 20. What does "calligraphy pedagogy" include? ……………………………… (18) 21.What is the relationship between calligraphy and "aesthetic education"? How to carry out calligraphy aesthetic education? …………………………………………………………………………… (19) 22. What is the relationship between learning calligraphy and history? What does "Calligraphy History" include? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (20) 23. Why do you want to establish an "international calligraphy exchange"? What is its main content? ……………………………………………………………………………………… (20) 24. What is "calligraphy psychology"? ……………………………………………………… (21) 25. Please talk about the relationship between calligraphy and physiology? What is the main task of "Calligraphy Philology"? 10、 1 1、 12、 13、 14、 14、 15、 16、 16、 17、 18、 18、 1 9、 18、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 18、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 / kloc-0/8、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 1 9、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 10、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 19、 / Kloc-0/9, 19, 19, 19, 19,1………………………………………………………………………………. ......... (26) 3 1. What is "calligraphy talent"? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ............ (28) 33. What are the main internal laws of the growth of calligraphy talents? ............ (28) 34. Please be more specific about "optimizing knowledge structure" ............ (29) 35. What are the external factors for the growth of calligraphy talents? ..................(3 1) 36. Please talk about some problems in the management of calligraphy talents. ........................................................................................................................................................... (33) 38. What are the requirements for talents in calligraphy theory? .......................... (33) 39. Is there "inspiration" in calligraphy creation? What is "inspiration"? (34) 40. Why should we pay attention to the study of calligraphy information? What are the ways to collect information? …………………………………………………………………………… (35) 41.What are the contents of "calligraphy futurism"? ...................... (36) 42. What is the significance of calligraphy appreciation? .................. (37) 43. Please talk about the characteristics of calligraphy appreciation ..................................... (39) 44. Historically, the evaluation of the same work is often quite different. Please talk about the reasons for this situation, .............................................................. .......................... (41) 46. What is the "charm" of calligraphy? …………………………………………………………… (42) 47. How to understand the "artistic conception" in calligraphy? ................... (43) 48. Please talk about the style of calligraphy ................. (44) 49. What is the "image" of calligraphy? ……………………………………………………………………………… (45) 50. What is the "style" of calligraphy? Please give an example to illustrate the significance of ....................'s (46) 5 1. .................................. (48) 52. What is "calligraphy"? ....................................... (48) 53. What is a "case"? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………… ....................... (52) 57. What is the beauty of calligraphy? What is the reason? (53) 58. Please talk about the "structural beauty" of calligraphy. ................... (55) 59. What is the relationship between calligraphy and literature? .................... (56) 60. Please talk about the relationship between calligraphy and music ................. (57) 6 1. Briefly describe the relationship between calligraphy and architecture ........................ (58) ................................... (58) 63. What is the enlightenment of dance to calligraphy? ............................................. (59) 64. How to understand "the homology of calligraphy and painting"? What is the relationship between calligraphy and painting? …………………………………………………………………………………… (60) 65. What is the influence of Confucianism on calligraphy? ................... (6 1) 66. What is the influence of Laozi and Zhuangzi's thoughts on calligraphy? ................................ (62) 67. Please explain the expression of "counting white as black" in calligraphy, ................................................................................................................... ............
2. Small knowledge of calligraphy
1. The pen is broken.
symmetrical
"Symmetry" refers to the proper arrangement of each word and stroke according to the font, not "uniformity". Because glyphs are different in length and size, the number and inclination of strokes are also different. For example, every word is written in the same size as a square, and every stroke is written in the same length and uniformity, but it looks unpleasant. Generally speaking, if there are many strokes, you should write more carefully; Write a little fatter if you have fewer strokes; In each word, the arrangement of stippling should be appropriate.
fair
"Fairness" is what we often call "horizontal and vertical", which is a basic principle of stippling structure. However, it should be noted that the "flat" of "horizontal and vertical" is not a general flat, but a flat with oblique potential. Because people's eyes, vision is unbalanced, horizontal painting is really flat, because of the illusion of eyes, it seems to fall to the right. Therefore, the horizontal painting must be slightly oblique, but not too oblique.
Step 4 write a composition
Composition in a broad sense includes style, and in a narrow sense it refers to the layout of the whole work.
5. The layout of calligraphy works:
A calligraphy work mostly includes three aspects: text, inscription and seal.
The text is the main content to be written and the main body of the work. Articles, poems, aphorisms, etc. All are healthy and uplifting, and auspicious and peaceful words can be used as the content of calligraphy works.
The title is the explanatory text outside the text. Including the theme of the text, the time and place of going out and writing, the author's name, font size, fasting number, the title and name of the given object, etc. Not every work has to write these contents. The content of the inscription depends on the specific needs of the work. Part of the inscription is written in front of the text, which is called the front paragraph; Some are written at the back of the text, which is called the next paragraph. The name and address of a given object should be written in front of the text to show respect.
The seal stamped in calligraphy works can be divided into name seal and idle seal according to its content. From the position of coverage, there are the first chapter and the foot chapter. The first chapter stamped on the work is called the first chapter, and the chapters stamped on the text and the next paragraph are called footprints. Seals mainly play an ornament role in calligraphy works, so it is not advisable to have too many seals in a work, usually one or three.
Characters, inscriptions and seals are three organic parts of a work. When creating, we must make overall arrangements to make the three constitute a perfect and harmonious whole.
6. Talk about the method of "using a pen"
"It is not easy to use a pen through the ages", a famous saying tells the true meaning of calligraphy "using a pen". To understand the true meaning of this sentence, we have to start with the word "Yi". "
Interspersed:
Where the text is superimposed, the upper and lower paragraphs should be interspersed with each other to avoid improper overlap.
Before you start writing, you should first conceive the arrangement position and reserve space so that all strokes can have the most suitable position.
Pay equal attention to:
The characters that overlap up and down are generally small at the top and big at the bottom, and the lower paragraph is thick and powerful.
The left side of the word should be narrower to make way for the right side.
Changes in brushwork:
If more than two strokes of a word are the same, or the two parts are similar in shape, we must try our best to correct them.
Reduce the pressure:
In short, if there are more than two strokes, only one stroke can be kept, and the other strokes are represented by dots.
Sometimes there is only one stroke, but for the sake of beauty, it will also be written as a dot.
Hook reduction:
When there are more than two hooks for the change of a word, keep one hook and omit the other hooks.
The band between strokes: that is, "the pen breaks the meaning."
Characters are composed of dots and strokes, and these dots and strokes must naturally produce the effect of reflection tape according to their stroke route in order to appear lively.
Left and right nursing:
If a word has symmetrical strokes, we should pay attention to the relationship between them.
3. Small knowledge of calligraphy
Regular script is transformed from "eight points" of official script. In addition to the "eight-point" swallowtail and twists and turns, it definitely focuses on "straight and square." Grasping a pen and writing should be meticulous, not a little frugal and sloppy. This font is called regular script. Regular script is also called "regular script" and "regular script". In terms of strokes, regular script is not as colorful as official script, but it is graceful, vigorous, concise and correct, even more peaceful and vivid than official script. Through the efforts of great calligraphers of past dynasties, many different styles of regular script have been passed down to future generations.
Running script is between block letters and cursive script, which is written casually, without block letters, not as formal as cursive script, and not as dissolute as cursive script. As the word "walk" explains, it is neither a slow walk with square steps nor a rush with flying steps, but a free start and a free walk. Therefore, the ancients called this font "running script" the most appropriate.
The genre of cursive script is almost connected with the whole word. Although there is occasional disconnection between words, the upper and lower strokes run through, echoing, caring and connected by blood from beginning to end, and there is a kind of momentum of dancing with pen and ink in one go. I have been studying calligraphy for more than 50 years since I was six years old, but I am more interested in cursive script, which I think is the highest realm of calligraphy. In the process of writing, the standing position of each word seems to be full of danger, but it is wonderful to be firmly tied in danger, so that the font is not suspected of being skewed and soft, but has exquisite flying resources, paying attention to reading and pasting, copying, symmetry, displacement, size, width, skew and fairness. . . What do you mean by "reading" a post is to read more and deal with the words in the post, which can help you remember the characteristics of the post, deepen your impression and avoid repetition.
What is plagiarism?
"Lintie" is a common mistake in the process of practicing calligraphy, that is, although facing the calligraphy, it only copies the calligraphy, regardless of the shelf and stippling, and is arbitrary. This kind of mistake is the most undesirable and must be avoided.
What is the back?
"Back to face" is to put away the post and write it from memory. There are generally two ways to "recite": one is to recite all the posts, that is, to write them silently from beginning to end after they are cooked; The other is to recite as many familiar words as possible. Both of these methods can be used, or they can be used in combination, with partial dictation first and then complete dictation. Compare it with the original post after dictation. If you find that some stippling or shelves are different from posts, you should correct and rewrite them.
What is confrontation?
"Against it" simply means writing against the post. It can also be divided into two steps, first "grid", and then remove the grid before writing. The method of "scribbling" is: take mica, thin glass or washed waste film, draw Jiugongge or Mi Zige according to the size of the post, and scribble it on the exercise book with Jiugongge or Mi Zige printed on it. When scribbling, you can see which post is in which part, so write it in that part. After doing this a few times, remove the grid and write directly on the post. When writing, it is best to stand up the post with a special post rack, put it in front of the table and write to it. If there is no shelf, pile up a few books instead, or use something else instead.
What is symmetry?
"Symmetry" refers to the proper arrangement of each word and stroke according to the font, not "uniformity". Because glyphs are different in length and size, the number and inclination of strokes are also different. For example, every word is written in the same size as a square, and every stroke is written in the same length and uniformity, but it looks unpleasant. Generally speaking, if there are many strokes, you should write more carefully; Write a little fatter if you have fewer strokes; In each word, the arrangement of stippling should be appropriate.
What is alienation?
"Side shift" means that the stippling of each part of a word gives way and echoes each other, so that words with more strokes do not appear dense, and words with fewer strokes do not appear sparse, such as the words next to "horse" and "bird", and the left side should be written straight to make way for the half word on the right; Other words with left and right radicals are also analogized.
What is size?
Write big fonts and small fonts; Write bigger strokes and smaller strokes, which is called the right size. For example, the words "Japan" and "country" are very different in size, so they cannot be written in the same size; The words "one" and "two" have few strokes, and they can't be written as big as the words "one" and "four" with many strokes.
What is width?
"Width" refers to proper arrangement according to the size of the font itself. Words with more strokes should be written more carefully, and words with fewer strokes should be written more coarsely; The words in the left and right structures are fatter, and the words in the upper and lower structures are thinner and narrower.
What is skew correction?
"Oblique orthography" means making different arrangements according to orthography, such as orthography of "Peng" and orthography of "Dang". When writing, don't twist the oblique force into orthography, and the orthography will be oblique if it is reversed.
What is fairness?
"Fairness" is what we often call "horizontal and vertical", which is a basic principle of stippling structure. However, it should be noted that the "flat" of "horizontal and vertical" is not a general flat, but a flat with oblique potential. Because people's eyes, vision is unbalanced, horizontal painting is really flat, because of the illusion of eyes, it seems to fall to the right. Therefore, the horizontal painting must be slightly oblique, but not too oblique. Generally speaking, the horizontal painting slope should be about 5-7. Beyond this angle, it is too oblique; Not as good as this angle, even peace is not good-looking. The so-called vertical means that every straight painting, whether in the middle, left and right, up and down, must be straight, and no inclination is allowed (except for the left straight of the door and the straight paintings of Yi and Yi). # Editor's Note # Well, I don't quite understand. You can check more completeness with Du Niang. (If you think it's too much, just look at the first few sentences when you read it. * Pay more attention *)
4. Basic knowledge of college calligraphy = =, (test questions)
Fill in the blanks 1. Pen, ink, paper and inkstone are unique tools in China and are called "Four Treasures of the Study".
(Page 16) 2. According to the material of strokes, brushes can be divided into soft brushes, hard brushes and double brushes. (Page 16) 3. Brush can be divided into _ _ long-front _ _ pen, _ _ center _ _ pen and _ _ short-front _ pen according to the stroke length.
(page 17) 4. The types of ink are divided into solid ink (Mo Ding) and liquid ink (ink), among which solid ink includes _ stone _ ink, _ pine _ smoke _ ink, _ tung _ smoke _ ink and _ paint _ smoke _ ink. (page 17) 5. Xuan paper can be divided into _ _ cotton _ _, _ _ clean skin _ and _ ultra-clean skin _ according to the making materials, and can be divided into _ _ raw Xuan paper, _ _ cooked Xuan paper and _ _ semi-cooked Xuan paper according to the degree of water infiltration.
(Page 18- 19) 6. In the forms of calligraphy works, there are _ _ screen _, _ _ banner _, _ _ nave _ in the straight form, and _ _ banner _, _ _ horizontal plaque _, _ _ hand scroll _ in the horizontal form. (pages 35-36) 7. The characters in the Yin and Shang Dynasties are generally called Da Zhuan, and there are mainly _ _ inscriptions and _ _ inscriptions.
(page 86) 8. _ _ Pan, Mao, Pan and Da were praised as "four national treasures" by their predecessors. (87 pages) 9. _ _ Shi Guwen _ is the earliest existing stone carving, named after the shape of the carved stone.
(89 pages) 10. Bamboo slips are the original calligraphy before paper, which can be divided into _ _ bamboo slips and _ _ wooden slips. The ink written on silk is called silk script, which was used by the upper class at that time.
(9 1 page) 1 1. Among the Han steles, there are outstanding works that are used together with Fiona Fang, such as _ _ Huashan stele, _ _ _ Cao Quanbei stele or _ _ ritual stele. , which have adopted the style of Fang Bi, such as _ _ (94 pages) 13. _ _ Wang Xizhi was praised as a "book saint" by later generations.
(98 pages) 14. Wang Xianzhi (344-386), the official secretariat, was called _ _ Wang Daling _. His book is as famous as his father, and is called _ _ Two Kings _.
(100 page) 15. Wang Xun _ _ "Yuan Bo Post" _ Wang Xizhi _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (10/kloc Zhiyong is the seventh grandson of Wang Xizhi, who is called "_ _ Yong Zen Master _ _".
His calligraphy is good at various styles, especially cursive. Calligraphy handed down from generation to generation is full of twists and turns, which has infinite charm and has a wide influence on later generations. (page 102) 17. Weibei mainly has four types: epitaph, tablet inscription, statue and cliff.
(page 103) 18. The four schools in the early Tang Dynasty were _ _ Yu Shinan _ _, _ _ Ou Yangxun _, _ _ Chu Suiliang _, _ _ Xue Ji _ (page 105) 19. _ _. (page 108) 20. Liu Gongquan, known as Liu in the world, is also called "_ _ Yan Liu _ _" with Yan Zhenqing, and "_ _ Yan Gu _ _" in history.
Liu Ti's figures are represented by Mysterious Tower Monument and Shence Army Monument. (1/page kloc-0/0) 2 1. Song Sijia usually refers to _ _ Su Shi _ _, _ _ Huang Tingjian _ _, _ _ Mi Fei _ _, _ _ Cai Xiang _.
(1 1 1 page) 22. Wang Xizhi's _ _ Lanting Preface, Yan Zhenqing's _ _ _ _ _ _ (see page 99, 109, 1 12) 23. Regular script refers to _ _ Ou Yangxun _ _, _ _ Yan Zhenqing _ _, _ _ Liu Gongquan _ _, _ _ Zhao Mengfu _ (1655).
(Page 123) 2 Short answer questions 1. What are the "three no doors"? (Refer to page117-118) In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, a number of famous calligraphers emerged in the prosperous Sanwu area, and sometimes some people said that "the calligraphy in the world belongs to me." They broke through the secular habits, avoided the bad habits of Taige at that time and adopted Wei and Jin Dynasties. They were called "the revival of the Ming Dynasty" and became representative calligraphers in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. The representatives were Zhu Yunming, Wen Zhiming and Wang Chong.
Zhu Yunming was born in a noble family with a good family background. He is very clever. He studied under Li Yingzhen, learned from Xiaozhaizhong, Wang and Zhiyong, and learned from Huai Su and Huanggu's cursive script. At the time of integration, they developed their own style and made great achievements in cursive writing. He is known as "the first cursive hand in Ming Dynasty", which is also the embodiment of his bold and unconstrained character. His words are magnificent, unrestrained and unpredictable.
His representative works are cursive Axis Poems, Fu Juan, the goddess of Luo, and Fu Juan in Chibi. Wen Zhiming's calligraphy works have various forms, among which lower case and running script are the best.
Its lower case belongs to the right army, and the cursive script was written by Huai Su, imitating Su, Huang and Mi, and studying under Zhong You and Li. His small letters are round and elegant, with their own charm. Representative works include Lisao Jing and Qianhouchibi Fu.
His running script is rich in Jin people's brushwork, especially the preface to the holy teachings, which is quaint, healthy and full of charm. Representative works include preface to Wang Teng-ting, Ji Xing Shi Juan, Xiyuan Shi Juan and so on.
Wang Chong, whose real name was Lu, was later renamed Lu Ji, whose name was Yayishan, and his name was Wuxian. He was gifted and tried every time, so he amused himself with poems, calligraphy and painting with Wen Zhiming and others.
The fine print Wang Chong is more important than the world. Ming people have an evaluation that "his books and big orders are lofty and broad-minded, so his charm is better than others." His small models, such as Yu Shinan, Zhong You and Erwang, are particularly effective in Wang Xianzhi. Their styles are quaint and ethereal, and their works include preface, poem scroll, West Garden and poem scroll.
2. A brief analysis of the "three-line calligraphy" in the history of China's calligraphy. (See page 99, page 109, page 1 12) Wang Xizhi's Preface to Lanting, Yan Zhenqing's Sacrifice to My Nephew, and Su Shi's Cold Food Poem are regarded as "three major running scripts" by later generations.
1. Wang Xizhi's Preface to Lanting was written by Wang Xizhi and Xie An at the Preface to Lanting in Yin Shan, Huiji in nine years. This article is the representative work of Xihe, with beautiful stippling, fluent writing and elegant style.
The original has been lost. Feng Chengsu's manuscript is the most recent original manuscript in the late Tang Dynasty.
Preface to Lanting is a beautiful essay, a masterpiece of Shang Yun in the Book of Jin, with a high artistic level. Preface to Lanting Collection has the following artistic features: 1. Exquisite brushwork.
The preface to Lanting Collection takes volley as its momentum and ends with volley.
5. 100 calligraphy, definitely 100 calligraphy.
Li Bai, Wang Dongting, Qiu Dengba Ling
Climb Baling in the morning.
There is nothing wrong with Zhou Lan.
The bright lake reflects the sky.
Have a panoramic view of autumn scenery.
Autumn is so pale.
The international sea is clear and fresh.
Castle peak destroys distant trees.
The water is green and there is no cold smoke.
Sail out of the river.
Go to the sun.
The weather in Changsha is sunny.
Clouds and dreams in the sky.
Hope for light and cherish hair.
Reading water mourns the year.
Zhu Bei is full of blue waves.
The east whispers to itself.
Ying people sing snow.
Yue Nv picked lotus songs.
It hurts even more to hear this.
Tears are like springs at the edge of a cliff.
6. Basic knowledge of calligraphy
Basic knowledge of calligraphy Calligraphy is one of the traditional arts in China.
It is the art of writing Chinese characters with a brush to express the author's spiritual beauty. Its basic requirements are: one is to use a soft brush, and the other is to write Chinese characters with rich images.
Therefore, there are two meanings: first, it refers to the rules of calligraphy, which mainly include methods such as holding a pen, using a pen, stippling, structure and distribution; Refers to the art of expressing the author's spiritual beauty by writing Chinese characters. It expresses the author's personality, interest, knowledge, temperament and other spiritual factors with the help of exquisite techniques and vivid modeling, with the focus on "heart painting"
The combination of the two forms China's calligraphy art. Therefore, from the elements of calligraphy, it includes three aspects: first, brushwork, which requires skilled use of brush, and correct fingering, wrist, body, brushwork and pen and ink; The second is the pen gesture.
It is required to properly organize the relationship between stippling and stippling, between words and between lines; The third is the brushwork. It is required to show the author's temperament, interest, learning elements and personality in the writing process.
In style and style, it is even more colorful. China's calligraphy art has a history of over 3,000 years. The reason why it has become an art mainly depends on the fact that China people are good at turning practical things into exquisite art, and it is also closely related to China's unique brush.
Its characters brew the soul of calligraphy art with the characteristics of image conception and imagery. The square configuration with brilliant conception and posture constitutes the formal basis of calligraphy art, and its tool is "only soft and strange", which can give birth to the charm of Fiona Fang's hiding, advancing and retreating, thickness, thickness, wetness, cadence and convergence.
Break and follow-up momentum, both rigid and flexible; With special paper and ink, the art of calligraphy is more unpredictable. Charming.
Calligraphy has not only become a national art to express the highest artistic conception and sentiment, but also ranks first among all arts. Calligraphy is not only popular all over the world in China, but also has already gone abroad and become a medium for spreading friendship. It is influential in the eastern world and attracts the attention of the western world.
Composition refers to the method of arranging and arranging the relationship between words and lines in the whole work. That is the "white cloth" of the whole work.
Also known as "big rules". Traditionally, it is also called the arrangement of one-word stippling, and the relationship between one-word arrangement and numbers is "small chapter method"
Zhang Shen explained calligraphy in Ming Dynasty: "The ancients used a writing method to write articles. Composition, article method and final structure are all corresponding.
Therefore, the cloud says:' One is divided into one word rule; A word is the owner of the last article. Dong Qichang's Essays on Painting Zen Rooms: Comment on Books in Ming Dynasty said: "The ancients took the composition of books as a major event and covered the so-called thick lines.
See Mi Chi in fine print, and write an elegant collection of West Garden. It's ten thousand fans, straight as a string. There must be another way, but you should pay attention to the rules and regulations on weekdays. Xu Lanting by the right army is the first in ancient and modern times, and its words are reflected, small or big, and all the things it likes are in the law, so it is also a masterpiece. "
It can be seen that the number of sheets is important in a calligraphy work. When writing, we should deal with the white cloth in words, word for word and between lines, so that stippling echoes stippling, words keep pace with emotion, and lines reflect each other. If you are self-sufficient, fluent, exquisite and harmonious, you will have the effect of "gold in the word and jade in the line". Generally speaking, there are three forms of cloth white: first, there are ranks, second, there are ranks (or ranks), and third, there are no ranks, which may have the artificial beauty of "picking gold by mistake" or the natural beauty of "hibiscus".
The method of writing and drawing with a pen. China's paintings and calligraphy are dominated by lines, and the tools used are all sharp pens. In order to enrich the line stippling of calligraphy and painting, we should first pay attention to writing, and grasp the weight, speed and correctness when lifting the pen.
Straightening, straightening and other methods are called "brushwork". Zhang Tang Huai Guandao's "Forbidden Classics in Yutang, Digested with a Pen" says: Generally speaking, the brushwork is eight types of stippling, and the word "forever" is prepared.
Therefore, Yuan Zhao Mengfu said in the Postscript of Lanting: "It is not easy to use a pen through the ages, because it takes a long time." Ink method is also called "blood method".
One day: using ink. The predecessors called it ink painting, and the blood of the word is also.
Therefore, when writing books in the field, I am extremely particular. Too light ink will damage the color, too thick ink will delay the pen.
We must "long for life and talk about it." Song Jiangkui's "Continuation of Book Spectrum with Ink" says: "To write a script, you should do it, but not too dry.
When the grass is dry, it is good to moisten it, and it is risky to dry it. It is not known that thick ink leads to sluggish pen and dry ink leads to dry pen. "
Bao Qing Chen Shi's "The Story of the Art Boat II Series" said: "Painting and calligraphy are both based on pens and formed in ink, so ink painting is a key to calligraphy. In fact, the pen is heavy, but it is floating.
..... "The style of pen and ink, on the one hand, often varies from person to person. For example, the thick ink in the Northern Song Dynasty is practical, while the thick ink in the Southern Song Dynasty is flexible. Liu Yong likes to use thick ink, while Meng Lou just uses light ink.
On the other hand, it is often different because of different book styles and paper properties. Second: the method of grinding ink.
Su Song Jianyi's "Four Books of Study: Ink Spectrum" said: "Learning ink is like a disease, and it is important to be even without mud." Grinding ink should be cold, and it will give birth to light when it is cold.
Don't heat the ink, it will blister when heated. The cover avoids the urgency and ink fever of its research.
Li said, "users won't stop for a long time, but the dust pollutes each other for a long time and the glue will die." It's too dull to write. "
Chen Yuan-Yi once said in the book "The Essentials of Hanlin Meat Method": "The method of grinding ink is both pressing and pushing, and the operation is nearly folded." "Never use inkstone to grind the ink, so that the ink will stagnate, and you must temporarily worry about it with water drops." "Don't grind your own ink, your hands will tremble and your bones will be strong. It is also a taboo. "
Structure is also called "knot", "frame" and "structure". Refers to the arrangement and layout of each dot.
Chinese characters are formal, and calligraphy is "metaphysics" (Qing Kang Youwei), so knot is particularly important. Yuan Qian's Postscript to Lanting: "Calligraphy is based on the use of pens, and it also requires labor to form words."
All kinds of fonts of Chinese characters are connected and matched with dots and strokes. The length, short, thick, thin, prone, upturned, contracted and stretched strokes, and the width, narrow, high, low, narrow and straight radicals constitute different forms of each character. In order to make the stroke matching of Chinese characters appropriate, appropriate and uniform, it is necessary to study its structure.
As Feng Ban said in the Pure Book of Songs in the Qing Dynasty: "Learn the frame first, and the ancients call it a knot; Learn to use a pen when the shelf is clear. You can see the stone tablet on the shelf, so you must use a pen to create it.
Jiezi, Jinren.