Through online learning, I learned that the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6 was drafted by a group of preschool education experts after more than four years of in-depth research on the learning and development of children aged 3-6 in China, drawing on advanced concepts at home and abroad and according to the characteristics of children in China. This landmark document, which represents the will of the state and the direction of preschool education reform, aims to promote educational equity and improve the quality of education-"pay close attention to the connotation, ensure the basics, improve teachers and guide families". Like the Outline, the Guide divides children's learning and development into five areas: health, language, society, science and art, and each area is divided into several aspects according to the most basic and important content of children's learning and development. Each aspect consists of two parts: learning and development goals and educational suggestions. In the part of learning and development goals, reasonable expectations are put forward for children aged 3-4, 4-5 and 5-6 respectively, about what they should know, what they can do and what kind of development level they can achieve. The Guide is more detailed and specific than the overall development goals of the five major areas of children in the Outline. From this, we can know more clearly what goals children of every age should achieve. Educational suggestions give our front-line teachers some reasonable suggestions from the aspects of environment creation, activity content, children's habit formation, emotional expression and control. This will play a great role in guiding and leading us to achieve the above learning and development goals and carry out education and teaching work in the future. It can also effectively prevent some lagging or backward educational behaviors of teachers, thus promoting children's better development, and at the same time providing reference for front-line teachers to better understand the general development level of children of all ages.
It is pointed out in the Guide that 3-6 years old is the golden age for children, because this age is the period when children's vocabulary grows fastest and their language develops rapidly. In the process of language development, children's vocabulary has increased rapidly, and they have been able to master various words, gradually clarify their meanings and have certain generality, and basically master various grammatical structures. You can speak freely with others in speech expression, and self-centered speech appears. Self-centered speech is a self-dialogue accompanied by actions and games. It can not only help children talk to themselves, but also temporarily satisfy some wishes that cannot be realized in reality. However, some children also have speech disorders. In the guide, experts suggest that during this period, children often repeat or hesitate. When talking with them, encourage them to speak boldly, don't care too much about stuttering, and train children to express their opinions easily and happily. Therefore, in our daily teaching, we should cultivate children's oral expression ability by listening to stories and telling stories, enrich children's vocabulary, and let children learn some written languages in a planned way.
I have some feelings about the new "field of learning quality" in the guide, which mentions that "learning quality determines the quality of children's learning and development now and in the future" Our front-line teachers, to a great extent, achieve their daily teaching goals in collective teaching activities. In this teaching activity, we pay more attention to the implementation of teaching objectives and children's participation. Look at the teaching activities organized by famous teachers. In addition to the mobile links, we always feel that they give children not only the teaching content itself, but also a lot of "sublimation" in the activities, which is the cultivation of learning attitude and study habits. Someone once said, "The knowledge taught in kindergarten is useless. Children will naturally know when they reach a certain age. Where can I teach? " It sounds unconvinced, but it also makes sense. However, if we only pay attention to the knowledge goal, we ignore the cultivation of children's self-control, caring for others, getting along with others happily, being positive and optimistic, taking care of themselves independently, loving curiosity, positive cognitive style, positive learning attitude and cautious behavior style. Then this kind of preschool education is flawed. Now with the guidance of the guide, I have made it clear that kindergarten teachers should not only "teach" but also "educate".
At ordinary times, we should also communicate well with parents to realize the synchronous and harmonious development of family education and kindergarten education, so that parents should also change their concepts. A child's childhood is short and irreversible. The child's heart is a wonderful land. You sow the seeds of thought, you will get the harvest of behavior, you sow the seeds of behavior, you will get the harvest of temperament. Sow a seed of temperament, and you will reap the harvest of fate. Let the child learn what he should learn and do what he should do. Don't impose the will of adults on children, so that children can really have a happy childhood.
The guide is to guide teachers how to help children develop, but it cannot be used as a yardstick to measure and hurt children, nor can it become a rope to bind children and themselves. It advocates that we should be a research-oriented teacher, be good at observing young children and be brave in reflecting on ourselves. In my future work, I will conscientiously implement the spirit of the guidelines, strive to improve my professional level, innovate educational ideas, adjust educational ideas, and create a bright future for every child.
Two:
As we all know, 3-6 years old is a critical period for children's brain, nerves and muscles to develop rapidly and approach maturity, and it is also a period for the fastest vocabulary development and the initial development of language coping ability. It is a period when cognitive ability, logical ability and self-awareness begin to develop. The education of children aged 3-6 is the basic education for all-round development, which lays the foundation for children's future development. The importance of children's learning and development in this age group has been paid more and more attention by the whole society.
The Guide for Learning and Development of Children Aged 3-6 (Draft for Comment) was formulated by the Ministry of Education to implement the Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Education Reform and Development Plan (20 10-2020) and the State Council's Opinions on Developing Preschool Education at Present, aiming at further helping kindergarten teachers and parents understand the basic laws and characteristics of learning and development of children aged 3-6, and further standardizing the educational behavior of preschool institutions. Let me talk about my superficial understanding of the study of the Guide to Learning and Development for Children Aged 3-6:
On the functional orientation of preschool education: For many years, the basic education in China has been guided by students' knowledge and skills. Is this the foundation we need? What are the core values of preschool education? The Guide clearly points out that "the quality of learning determines the quality of children's learning and development now and in the future". In today's children's education, more and more teachers, researchers and policy makers regard learning quality as a very important and key area for children's school preparation and sustainable development. Therefore, it is the core of our educational task and our unshirkable responsibility to cultivate children's good learning attitude and habits, teach them correct learning methods and teach them to "fish" from an early age. In 2006, our garden clearly put forward the purpose of "promoting the sustainable development of children", striving to scientifically locate the educational function of children, namely: ① From the perspective of life growth, let children's lives grow more naturally, don't accelerate, don't pull out the seedlings and encourage them. From the perspective of educational preparation, we should not only pay attention to the knowledge and skills that children learn today, but also pay attention to what children learn tomorrow. Care stimulates children's curiosity, stimulates children's interest in learning and cultivates children's creativity. ③ From the perspective of life preparation, cultivate children's good habits of life hygiene and social communication. I hope that through three years' life in urban kindergartens, children can keep an open mind while understanding superficial knowledge and skills, and always be ready to absorb new knowledge, accept new things, feel new things and accommodate new cultures. In today's pluralistic social environment, we should train our children to become responsible and qualified citizens and live a successful and happy life.
Guidance on education curriculum: Compared with the overall development goals of children's five major areas in the Guiding Outline of Early Childhood Education issued in 200 1, the Guiding Outline has a more detailed and specific understanding. Let me clearly understand what goals children of all ages should achieve, and what effective measures and means can be taken to achieve such goals according to educational suggestions. Its practicality and operability are very valuable experience resources for every kindergarten teacher. It has a great guiding role for us to carry out education and teaching work, and can also effectively prevent some lagging or leading educational behaviors for children, thus ensuring that education does not violate the law of children's natural development.
For example, the "learning and development goal" in the Guide stipulates that children aged 3-4 can jump forward about 2 meters with one foot; Children aged 4 ~ 5 can jump forward about 5 meters on one foot; Children aged 5-6 can jump forward about 8 meters with one foot. Although these small numbers are different, they are progressive according to children's age characteristics, reflecting the differences in children's level and ability development at different ages. It is these small figures that make our teachers have better reference value on how to make teaching plans according to children's age characteristics, so that children can get better development and growth at different ages.
For another example, the "educational suggestions" in the Guide do not deliberately emphasize or highlight one aspect, but pay more attention to the all-round development of children, and pay more attention to the all-round cultivation of children's health, psychology, social communication, living ability and study habits. At the same time, it also emphasizes the word "autonomy", which requires us to bend down, listen to the children's voices, understand their needs, give them the care they really need, learn from them, create courses, environments and regions that meet their development needs, let the courses return to their experiences, provide them with opportunities to operate, let them gain experience in the interaction with the environment and materials, let them participate independently, and guide them to learn, explore and explore on their own initiative.
On the function of educational evaluation: the guide is not a ruler, so it cannot be used as a yardstick to measure children; A guide is not a sieve. You can't use it to screen young children. A tour guide is not a rope. You can't use it to bind the children and yourself. We can't simply use the Guide to evaluate and characterize children's development, but should take it as a signpost for curriculum implementation, form the basic knowledge of what children know and can do, and understand children more comprehensively in educational practice. The Guide advocates that we should be a research-oriented teacher, be good at observing young children and be brave in reflecting on ourselves. The guide guides our course teaching direction, innovates our own educational ideas, adjusts our own educational ideas, and lays a good foundation for children's sustainable development.
Under the guidance of home cooperation, it is far from enough to do pre-school education well. It is also necessary to strengthen communication with parents and realize the synchronous and harmonious development of family education and kindergarten education. Parents should also change their ideas, teachers and parents should fully communicate and guide parents to keep up with the requirements of the times in all feasible ways. Family * * * sets up the correct concept of children's expectations, puts the focus of education right, and helps children grow in all directions. Don't encourage children to grow up, let alone impose the will of adults on them, let them learn what they should learn and do, and let them really have a happy childhood.