Menstruation is a sign that female sexual function begins to mature, and endometrium also changes periodically during menstrual cycle. Under normal circumstances, ovulation occurs once every menstrual cycle. If you are not pregnant, menstruation will appear and enter a new cycle. If the egg is fertilized and pregnant, the endometrium will be decidualized. The menstrual cycle is mainly regulated by ovarian hormones. If the ovarian hormone is disordered, it will also cause menstrual disorder, and the endometrium will also have corresponding morphological changes. Clinically called amenorrhea or "dysfunctional uterine bleeding". Among them, dysfunctional uterine bleeding is more common.
There are many reasons for dysfunctional uterine bleeding, and the main reasons are different at different ages. Among them, endometrial hyperplasia is very common.
Endometrial hyperplasia is caused by a large amount of estrogen stimulating endometrium. The clinical manifestations are irregular and massive abnormal uterine bleeding. Patients may suffer from persistent bleeding after long-term amenorrhea, which may be clinically suspected as abortion, shortened cycle and prolonged menstrual period. The bleeding time can reach 1 month.
Pathological examination showed that the degree of endometrial hyperplasia was not completely consistent with the severity of bleeding. It is characterized by thickening of endometrium, with a thickness ranging from 3 ~ 12mm, and even up to 20 mm in some cases. The endometrium is grayish white or yellowish, with a flat surface or polypoid process, which may be accompanied by edema. Cysts formed by dilated glands can sometimes be seen on sections.
Overview of the causes of menorrhagia
Seven hypotheses of menorrhagia
Carefully, you pay close attention to your menstrual cycle, but have you ever paid attention to the flow of menstrual blood? If regular menstruation suddenly becomes a flooded ocean, it often means that there is some kind of health failure. ...
First of all, we need to figure out a question-how much menstruation is enough? Doctors believe that normal menstrual bleeding should be 20 ~ 60 ml, and more than 80 ml is menorrhagia. Based on the consumption of sanitary napkins, it is estimated that the normal consumption is changed four or five times a day on average, and each cycle does not exceed two packs (each pack 10 tablets). If three packs of sanitary napkins are not enough, and almost every sanitary napkin is soaked, it belongs to menorrhagia. Women of different ages and physiological stages have different reasons for menorrhagia. Taking women aged 25 to 40 as an example, the abnormal increase in vaginal bleeding is mainly related to the following seven factors-
Hypothesis 1: Improper contraceptive methods
Related terms: contraception, drugs, and subcutaneous injection of intrauterine devices.
Sometimes, abnormal vaginal bleeding is related to the contraceptive method you use. The most common "trouble" is intrauterine device. In China, this is the most commonly used contraceptive method for women after delivery, and the most prominent problems it brings are shortened menstrual cycle, prolonged menstrual period, significantly increased menstrual volume and post-menstrual bleeding. In particular, the new generation of active intrauterine devices containing copper ions not only improve the contraceptive effect, but also increase menstrual bleeding. In addition, short-acting oral contraceptives can usually make your menstruation regular, reduce menstruation and relieve dysmenorrhea. However, the wrong way of taking it will also cause hormone regulation disorder, leading to abnormal increase of menstruation. For example, if you don't take it according to the prescription information, you will miss or take it by mistake, which will lead to the disorder of reproductive hormone level in the body, affect the development of endometrium and cause abnormal bleeding. There are also women who use long-acting injections or subcutaneous implants for contraception. The most common experience is not a large amount of vaginal bleeding, but a continuous, drip-like bleeding, and sometimes the amount of bleeding will accumulate to a great extent because of the extension of time. This situation is mostly due to the imbalance of external reproductive hormones in your body.
Countermeasures: The solutions to menorrhagia after IUD placement are: taking oral drugs instead of other contraceptive methods, or changing to an IUD containing progesterone, which can reduce menstrual flow. Although oral contraceptives are easy to buy in ordinary pharmacies, you should know that they are all prescription drugs. If you want to take this contraceptive method, it is not enough to read the prescription information of drugs in detail. Before buying, you must consult a professional doctor to learn more about its indications and contraindications, the correct way to take it, and the remedial measures in case of missing the medicine. Although you have been told that you have a similar situation when choosing long-acting injection or subcutaneous implantation for contraception, if it doesn't get better gradually or get worse with time, you should return to the doctor in time to let the doctor re-evaluate whether you are suitable for this contraceptive method.
Hypothesis 2: Infection
Related terms: pelvic inflammatory disease, vaginitis