Bronchus is a large air passage connecting trachea and lung. The inner layer of the bronchus is very fragile and produces mucus with antibacterial effect. Mucus can protect children's respiratory system from infection.
Bronchial inflammation leads to excessive virus production, which leads to dyspnea and bronchitis.
When a child has a cold, sore throat, flu or sinus infection, the virus that causes the cold will spread to the bronchi. Once the bacteria get there, the airway will become swollen, inflamed and partially blocked by mucus.
Allergic bronchitis in children may be caused by bacteria, viruses, allergens or irritants. In infants, bronchitis is called bronchiolitis, which represents inflammation of respiratory tract and is called bronchioles.
The symptoms and cure of bronchitis and bronchiolitis are almost the same. The treatment of infant bronchitis aims at relieving the respiratory process and reducing lung infection.
Second, there are two kinds of bronchitis: 1. Acute bronchitis:
Acute bronchitis mainly occurs in children under 2 years old and 9 to 15 years old.
It is observed that although acute bronchitis is mainly caused by virus infection, bacterial infection can also have the same effect. The onset of acute bronchitis in children is quite rapid and causes serious symptoms.
2. Chronic bronchitis:
Chronic bronchitis is common in people over 45 years old, but it also affects children, adolescents and young people.
If a child has chronic bronchitis, it will take him longer than usual to recover from a cold or any other respiratory infection.
Chronic bronchitis may be a persistent disease. In this case, the inner wall of the bronchus will also be inflamed and stimulated, producing too much mucus. However, inflammation lasts for months to years. Children exposed to passive smoke and dust may have this situation and eventually lead to serious complications, such as pneumonia.
Third, the cause of bronchitis The most common causes of bronchitis in children are:
1. Viral diseases. This is the most common and probable cause of bronchitis, especially acute bronchitis. It is estimated that all cases of acute bronchitis account for about 90%. These diseases include the common cold and flu.
2. Bacterial infection. Different from the above viruses, 99% of bacteria are beneficial to the body, which can make the body digest food, fight cancer and other life-saving functions. However, some bacteria can cause infection when trapped in the lungs, leading to bronchitis.
3. Irritants in the air. When particles enter the lungs, any environment containing airborne chemicals, a lot of dust or other harsh conditions may lead to acute or chronic bronchitis.
4. The immune system is weak. When the immune system fails, it is more difficult for the body to resist viruses or bacteria. It is common for someone to get bronchitis after the body exhausts the immune system against a cold or flu. This means that children, the elderly and patients with chronic diseases are particularly at risk.
5. Stomach acid problems. This includes heartburn, acid reflux or GERD, because stomach acid may be blocked by bronchi and inflame the lungs.
6. Smoking and environmental factors. Smoking and repeated exposure to harsh environment will capture particulate matter in the lungs, damage and stimulate the bronchi, leading to bronchitis.
7. History of respiratory diseases. Emphysema is a disease that leads to the inflation of lung sacs (alveoli) or asthma. It is an airway-like inflammation and an example of respiratory problems, which will increase the possibility of bronchitis.
8. Children's lungs are more sensitive during development, so children with allergies, tonsillitis or chronic sinusitis may also suffer from bronchitis.
Fourth, bronchitis symptoms 1, early manifestations
Infantile bronchitis mainly occurs in infants over 6 months old and is mainly caused by virus infection. At the initial stage of the disease, the main symptoms are respiratory infection, such as dry cough, which usually gets worse after two or three days, and there will be more secretions. At first, it will be white sticky phlegm, and later it will turn into pus. Sometimes there are fever symptoms, sometimes there are no symptoms, and in addition, sleep instability will lead to loss of appetite.
2. Pulmonary signs
Breathing sounds in children with bronchitis may be normal in the early stage. If it is mainly tracheal disease, then only the symptoms of thick breathing sound will appear. If bronchial disease is the main disease, children will hear dry, rough and wet rales in the middle and lower back of the chest, and their symptoms will also change when they cough or change their posture. When secretion increases, bronchial cavity congestion or edema narrows it, symptoms such as prolonged breathing sound will appear.
3. Symptoms of acute bronchitis
1. Listen carefully to your child's cough, because it can help you determine whether your child has bronchitis. Usually, children infected with bronchitis will make wheezing when they cough.
2. In the early stage, your child may have cold symptoms, such as sore throat, congestion, lethargy, runny nose, chills, chest pain, slight wheezing and slight fever, which eventually turn into a dry cough and produce green or yellow mucus.
3. Sometimes, children may have serious breathing problems, including dyspnea, nostril opening, fatigue, insomnia, loss of appetite and rapid heartbeat.
4. Symptoms of chronic bronchitis
1. Cough for more than a week, severe wheezing.
2. Have a fever or chills
Cyanosis (due to insufficient oxygen supply to the lungs, the skin turns blue and pale. )
4. Even with slight physical activity, shortness of breath and dyspnea
5. The tightness, soreness and sharp pain of the whole chest when coughing.
6. Fatigue, lethargy and headache
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Family therapy for bronchitis 1. Drink more water: For most children, the best treatment is to recover time and drink more water. Make sure that children drink eight to ten glasses of water every day. This will help to relieve congestion and prevent dehydration.
2. Humidifier: Install a humidifier in the house so that children can prevent dust stimulation. It can help children breathe more easily and make the air less dry. If you live in a dry climate, using a cold mist humidifier in your child's bedroom or play area during the day can reduce the possibility of being affected for a long time. Even wetting the air will help people breathe in a better way.
3. Vitamin C: Cranberries and lemon juice contain high levels of vitamin C, which is an immune enhancer that can help children win the battle against pathogens quickly.
4. Honey: Honey not only has anti-inflammatory effect, but also has antibacterial effect. This will make it easier to relieve inflammation in the inner layer of the airway and reduce cough to a minimum. In addition, adding a few tablespoons of honey to warm water can also help reduce congestion.
5. Chest massage: Wipe the chest skin with menthol, eucalyptus or camphor. The rubbing action helps to increase the blood flow in the chest. This will dilate the bronchi and let the children breathe better.
6. Turmeric: It has antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties and can help children. Mix a teaspoon of freshly ground turmeric root with some warm milk as a daily supplement for children.
7. Laxation salt: Laxation salt in bath water can relieve the contraction of bronchi and eliminate toxins in the body. Inhaling steam containing laxatives also helps to clear the respiratory tract.
8. Saline nasal drops: With the help of bulb injector and saline nasal drops, nasal congestion can be removed. This is especially useful before feeding and going to bed. If you can keep your child in a slightly upright posture, it will help reduce the workload required for breathing.
9. Acetaminophen: This can reduce fever and make children more comfortable. Be sure to give the right dose according to the child's weight and consult a doctor.
In general, it is recommended to consult a doctor or clinical pharmacist for intervention!
How to take care of children with bronchitis There are several important health care measures for children with bronchitis:
1. Let children sleep more, rest can make the body recover and ensure maximum exposure to air irritants.
2. Help clean the mucus on the nose, which will help clean the nasal cavity of the baby with bronchitis. You can use a spherical syringe to help remove mucus.
3. Don't smoke or contact with chemical fumes. Children are particularly sensitive to harsh environmental stimuli, which will not only aggravate symptoms, but also cause serious damage to the lungs.
Hello, I'm Xiao Guo, a pediatrician, and I'm glad to answer this question.
What medicine does the child take for bronchitis and cough? Mainly through these three aspects to treat:
Yes, because of treatment, this is the most fundamental treatment.
What is the cause of treatment is to find the main cause of cough, and then take medicine according to the specific reasons.
For example, the main cause of bronchitis is infection, and the causes of infection are different:
At the same time of treatment, we should always observe the changes and repeatedly weigh whether it is really just a cough caused by bronchial infection and whether it is a foreign body. Could it be an allergy? Could it be gastroesophageal reflux? Wait, wait, wait.
After symptomatic treatment of baby bronchitis, the main manifestation is cough, but we can't stop coughing blindly to relieve parents' anxiety.
Cough is actually a protective mechanism. When the baby is infected, the bronchus will secrete some secretions, including bacteria and viruses "killed" by the body, as well as toxins. These bad things will stimulate coughing and be excreted.
If you stop coughing blindly, these harmful substances will continue to deposit in the bronchus, thus causing further harm to the human body.
Of course, when the baby coughs and has phlegm, some expectorants can be used to dilute the sputum.
Babies with bronchitis have other symptoms besides coughing, and we can treat them differently according to different symptoms:
Supportive therapy What is supportive therapy, including:
The etiology of bronchitis in children 1, bacterial infections, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae.
2, atypical bacterial infection: such as mycoplasma pneumoniae chlamydia infection.
3, allergic bronchitis, eosinophilic bronchitis, mainly allergic inflammation exudation.
4. Asthmatic bronchitis is related to infection or allergy.
1 How to deal with it? Bacterial bronchitis can be treated by oral penicillin cephalosporin.
2. Atypical bacterial infection can be azithromycin, erythromycin or clarithromycin.
3. Allergy can be treated with second-generation antihistamines and atomized inhalation.
4. Patients with excessive phlegm can take Mucosolvan Oral Liquid, and those with severe dry cough can take Xikening Oral Liquid or older children can choose Antes Oral Liquid. If you breathe, you can choose Yitanjing oral liquid or Catrau solution.
Dr. Ke is the chief physician of pediatrics and has rich clinical experience. Specializes in children's digestive system diseases, respiratory diseases, chronic cough, acute and chronic sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, Helicobacter pylori infection, chronic gastritis, functional constipation, abnormal liver function, chronic diarrhea, milk protein allergy and other intractable diseases, as well as infant nutrition development and feeding consultation. Pediatric professional consultation, please ask a good doctor to find Director Ke Youjian online. To be friends with health and doctors, welcome to forward your likes, comments and concerns. Sharing is a virtue. If you have any questions, you can leave a message, and Dr. Ke will answer typical questions in a targeted manner during recess. Children's bronchitis is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants, which belongs to the kind of disease that is not light or heavy. Generally, oral medicine can cure it.
Then, when our baby suffers from bronchitis, what medicine should he take orally?
Anti-inflammatory drugs There are many causes of bronchitis, which may be mycoplasma infection in bacteria and viruses. Different pathogens use different drugs. The general manifestations of viral infection are no fever, runny nose and expectoration. Antiviral drugs can be used instead of antibiotics. If the baby has a fever and his nose is yellow and purulent, it may be a bacterial infection and antibiotics need to be used. Cephalosporins are generally used. If the baby's cough is mostly dry at night and lasts for a long time, it is very likely to be mycoplasma infection, which requires oral azithromycin or erythromycin.
Application of expectorant drugs. Oral ambroxol, ambroxol, carmetan and other oral liquids have expectorant effect, and can also be combined with atomized inhalation. Some Chinese patent medicines can also relieve cough and resolve phlegm.
Antiasthmatic and antiallergic drugs. It can be treated by atomization and long-term oral administration of montelukast sodium chewable tablets. This kind of baby is generally allergic and usually needs to avoid allergens.
Cough caused by food accumulation. Sometimes the baby's stool is not smooth, and dryness can also cause cough. In this case, we must first ensure that the stool is unobstructed. Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid for Children is a good choice.
The above are commonly used drugs for baby cough.
I wonder how long has the child been diagnosed with bronchitis? Has the cough eased? Parents should first make it clear that cough is caused by bronchitis, bronchitis is the cause and cough is the symptom.
Usually bronchitis is caused by virus infection, and it is also the most common in clinic. At present, there is no specific antiviral drug, which belongs to self-limited disease and can be resolved within 1-3 weeks. In most cases, antibiotic intervention is not needed. The recovery of bronchitis and cough symptoms caused by virus infection is faster or slower. Generally 1-2 weeks can be relieved, but most of them are relieved in 3-4 weeks. At present, it is suggested that symptomatic support nursing and other self-healing should be given. If the child's cough lasts for more than 2 or 4 weeks, see a doctor if necessary. Nursing care of cough:
1. Cough is a protective respiratory reflex action for human body to remove respiratory secretions or foreign bodies. The baby can effectively remove secretions or foreign bodies entering the airway through cough reflex. Children under 6 years old are not recommended to take cough medicine or cold medicine.
2. Avoid exposing children to irritating substances, such as second-hand smoke, and keep the indoor air fresh and the temperature and humidity appropriate.
Children over one year old can take honey orally when they have a bad cough, 2-5ml each time.
4. Let the children have more rest and a balanced diet without changing the diet structure.
Pediatric bronchitis is a common respiratory disease in children, but it is also a serious problem, because it may get worse and lead to pneumonia.
Children's bronchitis needs timely treatment, and the main treatment method is oral medicine.
Generally speaking, you need to take some anti-inflammatory drugs regularly, such as cephalosporin or amoxicillin. You can take some drugs to relieve cough and phlegm, such as children's phlegm and cough granules or ambroxol oral liquid. If you cough frequently, you can also take aerosol inhalation treatment. Specifically, it is necessary to prescribe drugs according to the symptoms of children.
If the effect of taking medicine is not good and the symptoms tend to worsen, we should consider infusion treatment as soon as possible to prevent the aggravation of the disease from causing pneumonia.
Bronchitis is a common respiratory disease in infants, and it is often the early manifestation of pneumonia.
Mainly because the baby is young, the immunity is low, the temperature changes unevenly, and the air in public places or rooms is not good, which will induce bronchitis.
Let the baby strengthen physical exercise, enhance their own resistance and prevent colds, especially when the two seasons alternate, pay attention to keep warm.
Use drugs rationally according to the doctor's advice.
Here I recommend some nursing and dietotherapy for you during your illness.
During the illness, the diet should be clear, encourage the baby to drink more water, don't overeat, avoid cold, greasy and spicy, and eat more digestible and vitamin-rich foods.
Recommended recipes:
Materials: loofah, rice
Exercise:
1. Wash the loofah, remove the pulp and cut into pieces for later use;
2. Rice is cooked into porridge, which can be cooked with loofah;
Shepherd's purse porridge
Ingredients: shepherd's purse, japonica rice, sugar.
Exercise:
1. Wash shepherd's purse head, peel and chop it for later use;
2. The japonica rice is washed clean;
3. Put the chopped shepherd's purse and japonica rice into the pot together, add appropriate amount of water, boil over high fire, turn to low fire to cook porridge, and add sugar to taste when eating.
Efficacy: Wenhuatan Decoction is suitable for the adjuvant treatment of children's bronchitis.
In daily life, we find that many people with poor spleen and stomach will have diarrhea after taking medicinal soup containing cold Chinese herbal medicines, which may be beneficial to the treatment of diseases, but it also hurts the body. When taking traditional Chinese medicine, we might as well choose to take it with western medicine, which can better amplify the curative effect, reduce side effects and delay or prevent the emergence of drug resistance.
Combined medication: a magnifying glass of drug efficacy
Take Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid, a commonly used medicine for children, as an example. The medicine has the functions of regulating lung, clearing away heat, relieving cough and promoting digestion. Mainly used for children with dyspepsia and phlegm-heat cough. When dyspepsia disappears, the function of spleen transport and transformation is restored, the source of phlegm is eliminated, the lung qi rises, and the cough stops automatically, thus achieving the purpose of promoting digestion, dispersing lung qi and relieving cough.
What medicine does Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid for children have better effect? It depends on the child.
1, child coughs
Xiaoji plus routine western medicine for children: The total effective rate of Xiaoji plus routine western medicine for children was 96.665438 0%, and the disappearance time of main symptoms and signs such as cough, expectoration, rales absorption in the lungs, abdominal distension and constipation was better than that of routine western medicine group, and no obvious adverse reactions were found. It is suggested that Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid is safe and effective in treating infantile dyspeptic cough.
2. Cough after upper respiratory tract infection (cough after cold)
Pediatric Xiaoji+Pingqi+Routine Treatment: Pediatric Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid can effectively relieve the clinical symptoms such as cough, expectoration, abdominal distension and wheezing after upper respiratory tract infection in children, and improve the therapeutic effect, which is worthy of clinical application.
3. The child coughs.
Antibiotics for children's dyspepsia: Children's dyspepsia consists of hawthorn, areca nut, loquat leaf, Trichosanthes kirilowii, platycodon grandiflorum, forsythia suspensa, Lepidium seed, Raphani seed and cicada slough. The medicine has expectorant, antitussive, digestion promoting, spleen invigorating and stomach regulating effects, and has antitussive and digestion promoting effects.
4. Cough variant asthma
Pediatric Xiaoji plus routine western medicine: The application of pediatric Xiaoji Zhike oral liquid combined with western medicine can shorten the cure time of pediatric CVA, reduce the recurrence rate, and has no obvious adverse reactions, which is a relatively safe and effective treatment method.
5. Mycoplasma pneumonia
Xiaoji and Azithromycin for Children: Azithromycin combined with Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid for Children is more effective than Azithromycin alone, and it is more obvious to relieve cough symptoms for children.
6, children with bronchopneumonia
Xiaoji+Ambroxol Oral Liquid for Children: Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid for Children combined with Ambroxol Hydrochloride Oral Liquid for Children with Bronchial Pneumonia has a significant effect, which can significantly improve the lung function of children with bronchopneumonia and promote their early recovery.
7. Bacterial bronchitis
Pediatric Xiaoji+Amoxicillin Clavulanate Potassium: Pediatric Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid is applied to the adjuvant treatment of persistent bacterial bronchitis in children, which has not only remarkable clinical efficacy, but also high safety, and is worthy of clinical promotion.
8, bronchitis, pneumonia
Children's Xiaoji plus routine treatment: Routine treatment plus children's Xiaoji oral liquid is obviously superior to the control group in relieving clinical symptoms and absorbing lung inflammation, and there is no adverse reaction during use, which is worth popularizing.
9. Asthmatic bronchitis
Pediatric Xiaoji plus routine treatment vs routine treatment (5): As an auxiliary treatment of asthmatic bronchitis, pediatric Xiaoji oral liquid has good curative effect, high cure rate, short treatment time, rapid disappearance of clinical signs and no obvious adverse reactions.
10, functional constipation in children
Single use of Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid (6): Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid contains a variety of bitter and cold traditional Chinese medicines, which has good effects of treating food retention, relieving abdominal distension and relaxing bowels. Clinical research shows that, in addition to basic treatment, Xiaoer Xiaoji Zhike Oral Liquid has achieved good curative effect in the treatment of functional constipation in children, and no obvious toxic and side effects and adverse reactions have been found, which shows that the medicine has the advantages of quick onset, short course of treatment, exact curative effect, safety and reliability, and is worthy of clinical promotion.
Hello, I'm glad to answer your question:
Children with bronchitis and cough are very likely to cause pneumonia. To treat as soon as possible, you can eat some Xiaoer Kechuanling granules and half a piece of hay, and then take some anti-inflammatory drugs according to your baby's own situation. It is recommended to take the baby to a regular hospital for examination.
I hope it helps you.