What is premature birth? What should pregnant women do to avoid premature delivery?

Nowadays, with the opening of the second child policy, there are more and more elderly women, and fertility problems will follow, and premature delivery is one of them. The birth weight of premature infants is mostly in the range of 1000g-2499g, and the organs of premature infants are not yet mature. Preventing premature delivery of pregnant women is one of the important links to reduce the perinatal mortality rate and is of great significance to improve the national fertility rate. So, what should pregnant women do to prevent premature delivery and ensure the health of mother and fetus? The following is the knowledge about premature delivery.

First, the common causes of premature birth

1. Pregnant women factor

If pregnant women are complicated with infectious diseases, uterine malformations, uterine fibroids, acute and chronic diseases and pregnancy complications, it is easy to induce premature delivery. If pregnant women have bad behaviors such as smoking and drinking or are mentally stimulated and stressed, they can also induce premature delivery.

2. Fetal and placental factors

Premature rupture of membranes and chorioamnionitis are the most common causes of premature delivery, and 30%-40% of premature delivery is related to this. There are also placental factors, such as placenta previa, early placental abruption, polyhydramnios, multiple births, etc., which will lead to premature delivery.

Second, the common manifestations of premature delivery

Premature delivery of pregnant women is mainly characterized by uterine contraction, initially irregular contraction, often accompanied by a little vaginal bloody secretion or bleeding. The incidence of premature rupture of membranes is higher than that of full-term delivery, and then it can develop into regular and effective contractions. Similar to full-term delivery, the cervical canal disappears and the cervix dilates.

Third, how to prevent premature delivery

1. Pregnant women should maintain a good physical and mental state and pay attention to maintaining mental pleasure. Sudden mental trauma can induce premature delivery;

2. Do a good job in pregnant women's health care during pregnancy, guide them to prevent and strengthen nutrition, pay attention to the intake of vitamins, calcium and iron, and match nutritious meals;

3. Pregnant women need to avoid activities that cause contractions, such as lifting heavy objects and making love.

4. High-risk pregnant women must stay in bed. It is suggested to lie on the left side during rest, which can increase uterine blood circulation and improve fetal oxygen supply, and carefully do anal examination and vaginal examination;

5. High-risk women need to actively treat complications, and women with loose cervix need to have intrauterine suture at 14- 16 weeks or earlier to prevent premature delivery;

6. High-risk pregnant women may eventually need medical treatment, and then the main treatment for threatened premature delivery is to inhibit contractions. At the same time, hospitals should actively control infection and do a good job in drug health education for pregnant women.