Coronavirus is a kind of virus widely existing in nature, so it is named because its shape is similar to a crown under the electron microscope. So far, it has been found that coronavirus only infects vertebrates and can cause respiratory, digestive and nervous system diseases in humans and animals. Except novel coronavirus (named as 20 19 by the world health organization). NCoV, that is, 20 19 novel coronavirus "), there are 6 kinds of coronaviruses known to infect people. Four of them are common in the population, with low pathogenicity, and generally only cause mild respiratory symptoms similar to the common cold; The other two are called SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus.
But the novel coronavirus found this time is very different from SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus. Just like people, although different viruses are close relatives, they are very different in temperament, attitude and behavior. Although novel coronavirus is a close relative of SARS, it does not show the terrible characteristics of SARS, so there is no need to panic.
2. What are the clinical manifestations of patients with this infection?
General symptoms: fever, fatigue, dry cough, and gradual dyspnea. Some patients have mild symptoms and no fever.
Severe cases: acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis that is difficult to correct, coagulation dysfunction, and most patients are mild. The prognosis is good, and a few patients are critically ill or even die.
3. If you have early clinical manifestations, does it mean that you are infected? When do you need to see a doctor?
If there is fever, fatigue and dry cough, it does not mean that it has been infected. However, if you have symptoms of acute respiratory infection such as fever (underarm temperature ≥37.3C), cough and shortness of breath, have a history of traveling or living in Wuhan, or have contact with patients with fever respiratory symptoms from Wuhan within 14 days before onset, or have a small-scale cluster onset, you should go to the local designated medical institutions for investigation, diagnosis and treatment in time.
4. What is close contact?
One of the following contact situations with cases (observed and confirmed cases) after onset: people who live, study, work or have close contact with cases; Medical personnel, family members or other personnel who have similar close contact with the case failed to take effective protective measures in the process of diagnosis, treatment, nursing and visiting the case; Other patients and accompanying staff in the same ward; People who have close contact with the case in the same car; On-site inspection personnel are those who meet the requirements after inspection and evaluation.
5. Why should close contacts observe 14 days?
At present, it is necessary to take strict medical observation and other preventive public health measures for close contacts, which is a responsible attitude towards public health safety and a common practice of the international community. Referring to the incubation period of diseases caused by other coronaviruses, the relevant information of this novel coronavirus case and the current prevention and control practice, the medical observation period of close contacts was limited to 14 days, and close contacts were observed at home.
6. What should I do if I receive a notice from the CDC that you are a close contact?
Observe home medication as required, don't panic, don't go to work, don't go out casually, do a good job in observing your physical condition, and receive regular follow-up from Dr. Du Qu. If you have abnormal clinical manifestations such as fever and cough, you should go to the designated medical institution for investigation, diagnosis and treatment under their guidance.
7. How can the public prevent novel coronavirus?
(1) Maintain hand hygiene. Wash your hands with running water or use alcohol hand sanitizer after coughing, defecating before and after meals, touching or handling animal excrement.
(2) Keep indoor air circulation. Avoid closed, unventilated public places and crowded places, and wear masks when necessary. Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue or elbow when coughing or sneezing to prevent droplets from spreading.
(3) When going to a hospital or accompanying a doctor, you must wear a suitable mask.
(4) Good safe eating habits, separate the chopping board and knives for handling raw food and cooked food, and thoroughly cook meat and eggs when cooking.
(5) Try to avoid contact with unprotected wild or cultured animals.
8. How to wear a mask?
Wearing a mask is an effective means to block the spread of respiratory secretions. Choosing medical surgical masks can prevent respiratory diseases well. When wearing a disposable medical mask, the folded face should be completely unfolded, the mouth, nose and jaw should be completely wrapped, and then the nose clip should be pressed tightly to make the mask completely fit the face. Wash your hands before wearing a mask, or avoid touching the inside of the mask during wearing the mask to reduce the possibility of contamination of the mask. Distinguish between the inside and outside of the mask, up and down, with the light-colored face inside, attached to the nose and mouth, and the dark face outward; One end of the metal strip (nose clip) is above the mask. Change it regularly, don't wear it backwards, and don't wear it alternately.
9. I have been to Wuhan recently. What should I pay attention to when I return to my place of residence? If there are clinical symptoms, do you need to do the related examination of pneumonia in novel coronavirus?
After returning to your place of residence, you can pay attention to strengthening your physical protection and paying attention to your physical condition within 2 weeks. If notified by the CDC, Tujia medical observation is needed. Don't panic, don't go to work, don't go out casually, observe your physical condition and receive regular follow-up from community doctors. If you have fever (underarm temperature ≥37.3C), cough, shortness of breath and other early clinical symptoms of acute respiratory infection, please go to the local designated medical institutions for investigation, diagnosis and treatment in time.