Bacteria are widely used in food processing and industrial production.
1. Bacteria are usually used in fermented food together with yeast and other kinds of fungi. For example, in the traditional manufacturing process of vinegar, acetic acid bacteria in the air are used to convert wine into vinegar. In addition, coryneform bacteria are needed to produce monosodium glutamate, paper, leather, sugar and fiber stripping. Other foods made by bacteria include cheese, pickles, soy sauce, vinegar, wine and tanning.
Bacteria can also secrete a variety of antibiotics, for example, streptomycin is secreted by hyphomycetes.
3. The ability of bacteria to degrade various organic compounds is often used to remove pollution, which is called bioremediation. For example, scientists use methane-oxidizing bacteria to decompose trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene pollution in Georgia, USA. Methanobacteria can also be used to produce biogas.
4. There are many granular nodules in the roots of leguminous plants, and rhizobia can transform nitrogen in the air into "fertilizer" for leguminous plants to use, so leguminous plants can grow well without artificial fertilization; 19 10 years, British botanists put platinum as an electrode into the culture solution of Escherichia coli, and successfully manufactured the world's first bacterial battery. 1984, American scientists designed a bacterial battery for spacecraft. The active substances of the battery are astronauts' urine and live bacteria. However, the discharge efficiency of bacterial batteries was low at that time. A major breakthrough has been made in bacterial power generation. British chemists let bacteria break down the molecules in the battery pack and release electrons to move to the anode to generate electricity. According to calculation, using this bacterial battery, you can get 65,438+0,352,930 coulombs of electricity per 65,438+000 grams of sugar, and its efficiency can reach 40%, which is much higher than the batteries currently used, and there is still 65,438+00% potential to be tapped.
[2] It has the following benefits to human health:
1. Bacteria benefit the stomach and improve immunity.
There are beneficial bacteria and harmful bacteria in the intestine. If beneficial bacteria occupy the intestinal surface, harmful bacteria will have no place to live. This is the so-called "standing protection". With so many places, beneficial bacteria will be in a state of failure in nutritional competition, and their growth and development will be inhibited. Therefore, when beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus grow and multiply in the intestine, it will prevent pathogens from invading the intestine and build a whole.
Cholesterol-lowering and lipid-lowering beneficial bacteria can reduce and inhibit the synthesis of cholesterol and prevent the human body from absorbing and utilizing cholesterol.
[14] synthetic vitamins
The amount of vitamins we take from our diet is far from meeting the needs of the human body. Therefore, some vitamin B and vitamin K are synthesized by intestinal beneficial bacteria, especially vitamin K, which is rarely contained in food. The decrease of beneficial bacteria will lead to vitamin K deficiency, diarrhea and coagulation disorders. 1. Promote the absorption of calcium, iron and vitamin D.
Lactic acid bacteria will produce a lot of acid during metabolism, which will improve the solubility of calcium and directly stimulate the gastrointestinal tract to absorb calcium, iron and zinc. The experimental results show that under normal circumstances, we can only absorb13 of the digested calcium, and the intake of probiotics can increase the absorption of calcium to 2/3 of the intake. Therefore, the reproduction of beneficial bacteria is beneficial to slow down the process of osteoporosis in the elderly and promote the development of infants.
5. Anti-cancer probiotics can degrade nitrosamines, eliminate the carcinogenicity of nitrosamines and promote intestinal peristalsis. For example, the elderly are often constipated, and some toxic and harmful substances stay in the intestine, threatening the surface of the intestine and causing intestinal tumors and canceration. After the peristalsis is accelerated, these harmful bacteria will be excreted with feces.