Soil pollution is formed through long-term accumulation. The impact of soil pollution on human beings is mainly due to the long-term consumption of polluted plants by human beings and animals, which leads to the gradual decline of health index. Because soil pollution is hidden and latent, people can't perceive it, so it is necessary to carry out soil pollution investigation. There are four types of soil pollutants:
1, chemical pollutants. Include inorganic pollutants and organic pollutants. The former are heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, lead and arsenic, excessive nitrogen and phosphorus plant nutrients, oxides and sulfides. The latter are various chemical pesticides, petroleum and its pyrolysis products, and other organic synthetic products.
2. Physical pollutants. Refers to tailings, waste rock, fly ash, industrial waste and other solid wastes from factories and mines.
3. Biological pollutants. Refers to the waste water, waste and feces discharged from urban garbage and health facilities (including hospitals) with various germs.
4. Radioactive pollutants. It mainly exists in nuclear raw material mining and atmospheric nuclear explosion areas, with strontium and cesium as the main radioactive elements, and has a long life in soil.
What are the hazards of soil pollution?
1, threatening national food security and food safety. Soil pollution leads to the decline of cultivated land quality, which directly threatens the red line of 65.438+0.8 billion mu of cultivated land, leads to the excessive content of heavy metals in grain and agricultural products, and affects food safety.
2, endangering human health. After the heavy metals in soil enter the human body through the food chain, they have carcinogenic, teratogenic and mutagenic effects.
3. Affect social stability. The prevention and control of soil pollution involves the relocation of workers in industrial and mining enterprises, compensation for farmers' economic losses and compensation for people's health damage. If not handled properly, it will affect social harmony and stability.
Legal basis:
Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Prevention and Control of Soil Pollution
Article 4 All organizations and individuals have the obligation to protect soil and prevent soil pollution.
Land users engaged in land development and utilization activities, enterprises, institutions and other producers and operators engaged in production and business activities shall take effective measures to prevent and reduce soil pollution, and shall be responsible for the soil pollution caused by it according to law.
Forty-third units engaged in soil pollution investigation, soil pollution risk assessment, risk control, remediation, risk control effect assessment, remediation effect assessment, post-management and other activities should have corresponding professional capabilities. Units entrusted to engage in the activities mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall be responsible for the authenticity, accuracy and completeness of the investigation report, risk assessment report, risk control effect assessment report and repair effect assessment report issued by them, and be responsible for the results of risk control, repair and post-management activities in accordance with the agreement.