Keywords vocational school boys' general endurance long-distance running
Classification number of China Library: G7 18.5 Document ID: A document number:1002-7661(201) 09-0010-04.
First of all, the questions raised
At present, the monitoring of the national physical health test shows that the endurance quality of Chinese students has been declining for many years, which is not as good as that of students in the 1980s and 1990s. Speed and quality are basically the same. It is based on the decline of students' average score 1000m, and the average score of 50m is flat. 1000m belongs to middle and long distance running, and the special requirement is speed endurance. Speed quality remains unchanged, and speed endurance drops significantly, which means that the basic general endurance of speed endurance will inevitably drop.
After investigation, modern students do not use electric cars, buses or private cars when traveling; Many communication methods of modern students are online, so they can stay at home. More recreational ways are computer games, TV and reading. With the increase of students' study pressure, the time of physical activity is also obviously reduced. In this way, the content of general endurance activities is greatly reduced, and general endurance will inevitably regress.
What to test and what to teach; What to test and practice. This is the characteristic of all disciplines, and physical education is no exception. Endurance In exams and fast exercises, the so-called sticking to the key points leads to an insignificant result. Students' confidence and interest decline, and their running endurance becomes pale and even resistance appears. In addition, these students, mainly only children, are too spoiled by their families and too careful by their schools. The decline of students' endurance quality has become a social problem. The improvement of living conditions and nutritional conditions make our students taller and stronger. However, overnutrition also makes some students overweight, which leads to the decline of physical function and the inability to bear normal exercise, which leads to the decline of the quality of endurance group. This distorted theory and social illusion even causes students' weak will and poor fighting spirit, which becomes an obstacle to students' growth and a misunderstanding of education.
Second, analyze the problem.
1. Investigation and analysis on the development of general endurance (aerobic endurance) in schools
General endurance, namely aerobic endurance, refers to the working ability of aerobic energy supply for a long time. The load intensity is 75%-85% of the maximum load intensity of human body, and the heart rate is generally 140- 170 beats/min. The time is at least 5 minutes, generally more than 15 minutes. The physiological factors that determine the aerobic endurance of the body are mainly the supply of oxygen during exercise and the content of glycogen as an energy substance. The most direct and dominant performance of general endurance is the ability to run for a long time. Therefore, the ability of endurance running commonly used in vocational schools reflects general endurance and is also developed by endurance running. The following is my investigation and statistics on endurance running in five similar schools:
The results show that the commonly used general endurance exercise method is running for 4-8 minutes. From the analysis of strength load and duration, it can not meet the minimum requirements of theory. What is the general endurance of students? How to practice and improve in peacetime? What is the significance of improving general endurance to the overall improvement of students' quality? How do students know the general endurance? Would you like to take part in general endurance sports? In view of the previous phenomenon, with the above problems, I combine the teaching practice of endurance running textbooks, start with improving general endurance, take low-intensity long-distance running as the carrier, and start from a low starting point, and gradually carry out a research on the circulating teaching of "long-distance running".
2. Research purpose
(1) Develop students' general endurance, improve cardiopulmonary function, and improve 1000m performance.
(2) Hone students' will quality and enhance their confidence and courage to conquer and challenge difficulties. It is manifested as a positive attitude towards endurance running, a spirit of challenging yourself, no fear and no complaints.
(3) It also provides some references for the front-line colleagues.
Third, the research plan
1. Research object: Grade One (1-6) class 134 boys newly enrolled in our school in September 2007.
2. Research time: September 2007 to June 438+00, 2065.
3. Research methods:
(1) literature method: obtain relevant information and theoretical basis by consulting relevant literature.
(2) Questionnaire survey method: Through questionnaire survey, relevant information and comparative data are obtained.
(3) Educational experiment method: Three classes of students in grade 2007 (1-6) conducted experimental research by means of exercises and tests.
(4) Data statistics method: classify, count and analyze the obtained data.
4. Research and test the distance and evaluation criteria.
Human endurance is like charging a battery, but it is more difficult to test. 1000 meter timing results show the speed, reflecting the speed tolerance; /kloc-running in 0/2 minutes shows the distance and reflects the endurance. The 20-minute 3000-meter senior two and the 40-minute 5000-meter senior three are tested by combining distance and time. The reason is: 1 The above strength endurance is our expectation; 2. It is more important to consider operability.
5. Orientation of research content in endurance running unit textbooks.
The research based on classroom teaching is a sustainable research with assurance and vitality.
6. Research guarantee
(1) and physical education class's grades.
In order to ensure students' enthusiasm for participation and encourage them to strive for excellent results, the following relationship is established with physical education class's performance: the performance of Grade One 12 minutes determines the highest grade of physical education class's performance; Physical education class can only be rated as excellent if he runs 3000 meters in 20 minutes, otherwise physical education class will be downgraded; Homework 3: 5000-meter race, if it doesn't appear, it is excellent, and it must be excellent, otherwise physical education class's performance will be downgraded.
(2) Safety measures for long-distance running research.
(1) First, investigate and study, screen out students with congenital diseases, make no demands on these students, actively prevent injury accidents, and ensure the safety of research.
② Choose a suitable season and weather.
③ Pay attention to the students' physical condition on the spot, rule out those who suddenly get sick, and resolutely refuse to attend if they catch a cold and hang water within three days.
(4) Observe closely in practice and remind students not to force.
Four. Results and analysis
1. Experimental results and analysis of the first stage of vocational education.
The school has been running for 5-6 minutes every morning since June 5438+065438+ 10, 2007, which is used for morning exercises and recess exercises. During the 8-minute running in the second class in the middle and late February of 65438, the teacher used the slogan "show our will quality with our steps" to render the classroom atmosphere and remind and motivate the students by counting down. The students all completed the 8-minute running with great interest, which can be said to open the door to research.
At the beginning of the next semester, the school is still doing morning exercises and running between classes, and began to do broadcasting exercises in mid-March. In order to complete the 12 minute running test on April 2-4, 2007, I first published a famous exhibition board introduction of Cooper 12 minute running, and stated that the national professional football player 12 minute running must reach 2800 meters. At the same time, do a good job in safety prevention and preparation activities, carefully organize the test, mark the distance every 10 meter on the 400-meter field, and report the distance immediately, which makes the students feel very meaningful and serious.
After careful organization, students' enthusiasm is high, no one asks for leave, and the whole process is positive and serious, with good results. The data results are analyzed as follows:
Evaluation criteria: excellent at 2200m, good at 2000m, and qualified at 1800m.
In order to form excessive recovery and give full play to the role of this exercise, I conducted a 1000 m test within10 days. The average grade score is 4 points 15 seconds, which is 23.47 seconds higher than last semester.
Stage summary: 8 1.3% of the students ran more than 2000 meters in 12 minutes with satisfactory results. The performance of students' enthusiastic participation shows that students' positive attitude towards endurance running can be stimulated and mobilized, and students' will quality has been tested and improved. This research is effective. The simple analysis of the data enables students to have a further understanding of themselves and know the scientific principles and the direction of their efforts. From the analysis of the excellent, good and pass rate of the test results, the preset data of the first phase of the study is reasonable. Compared with last semester, there is obvious progress, which lays the foundation for the next stage of research.
2. The results and analysis of the second stage experiment.
According to the teaching plan, the second endurance running class was held every 15 minutes last semester. Before 13 minutes, the teacher asked the whole class to run in a neat phalanx, not allowed to fall behind or surpass, and to play freely in the next two minutes. 10 minutes later, several students were left in the team by their peers, which made them feel the strength of the team. With the mutual encouragement of peers, every student persisted to the end.
Run 3000 meters or 20 minutes next semester. At first, students had no concept and lacked self-confidence. Always ask the teacher: "Can you run 3000 meters in 20 minutes?" I told him firmly, "I can't run in 20 minutes." Stop running. Stop and calculate the distance. " How big your heart is, how big your stage is; It's better to be a hero before it happens than a coward. "The student immediately said," We are not cowards. "I insist on the successful experience of post one, take safety precautions and fully prepare for activities. Carefully organize the test and analyze the test results as follows (the actual total number of people is 136):
The expected passing standard will be completed in 20 minutes, and the actual completion rate is125/136 = 91.91%.
/kloc-within 0/0 days1000m test results:
Stage summary: 9 1.9 1% of the second-year vocational high school boys can run 3000m in 20 minutes, which shows that the preset is basically reasonable and slightly lower. However, from the test process, with the extension of the distance, the weak aspects of students' will quality are gradually revealed. For example, when he knows that there is still enough time to achieve Excellence, he will not sprint with all his strength. This expected question is expected for students to improve and points out the direction for the next stage of research.
3. The results and analysis of the three-stage experiment.
According to the standard of Jiangsu National Physical Fitness Health Test 1000m: 100 is divided into 3 minutes, 15 seconds, and 60 is divided into 4 minutes and 25 seconds. Teaching according to the unit plan. In the third endurance running class last semester, we ran around the campus team for 25 minutes with the theme of "How strong our team is", asking the whole class to conduct it in a neat square, encouraging each other not to fall behind, allowing help and pandering. We must make every student feel the strength of the team and stick to it. It works very well.
Next semester, just when I was confused about how to take the 5000-meter race, a classmate came to ask me if I wanted to take it. He casually asked him, "How can I put it?" "Teacher, let's run in teams, ok!" At the reminder of our classmates, we decided to run 5000 meters around the campus.
The inner ring of the school is 850 meters. First, run two and a half laps in the playground, 750 meters, and then run five laps in the inner circle of the school. Our class ran a 5000-meter race with neat phalanx and loud slogan. I spent three days with my students, but I didn't scare them. I finally completed the three-year cycle study, 135 students (transferred in and out), 7 students who were unable to attend due to illness and could not arrange make-up runs, 65438+. When I asked my classmates what they had learned from long-distance running, they made me laugh: "See what you can do next time!" " "
Average score of boys in grade three this year 1000m:
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion and suggestion
1. Conclusion
(1) The above research found two methods to measure students' general endurance: ① the distance that students can run in a certain period of time (12 minutes or more); (2) The time that students completed in a long distance (more than 3000m).
(2) The practice of developing students' general endurance with long-distance running shows that 8 1.3% senior one boys can run 2000m in 12 minutes, and 9 1% senior two boys can run 2000m in 20 minutes, especially 9/kloc. It shows that the physical function of students has not declined, but the normal body lacks effective and in-place general endurance exercise, which leads to the decline of speed endurance quality; Don't mistake the students' physical function for bad. This study also found the lower limit of the general endurance of vocational school boys, for example, most vocational school boys can run more than 2000 meters in 12 minutes. It can provide data reference for developing students' general endurance teaching and training in the future.
(3) With the growth of grade, the data advantages of the above students and Jiangsu Province 1995 are gradually obvious, which shows the effectiveness of general endurance quality exercises and the overall improvement of endurance quality in our school. At the same time, compared with the historical data of our school, the advantages are not obvious, which shows that the improvement of endurance quality is a comprehensive systematic project and a comprehensive effect of scientific and reasonable arrangements such as usual teaching, early exercise, running between classes and extracurricular activities. This experiment is carried out on the basis of long-term physical education in school. So an experiment can't bring a bigger leap to our school.
(4) This year's students can treat 65,438+000m m with the spirit of competition and self-challenge, which is a gratifying change in students' attitude towards long-distance running, indicating that this study has honed students' will quality, which will be the wealth of students' life and the biggest gain of learning.
2. Suggestions
(1) The successful experiments and excellent results of our school are the comprehensive effects of our school's physical education work. Long-distance running needs to be gradual, so that students have a process of acceptance and adaptation both psychologically and physically. Teachers must not be eager for quick success and instant benefit, regardless of the consequences.
(2) The purpose of the experiment is to enhance the endurance quality of students, but the physical condition of students determines the effect of long-distance running. It is necessary to resolutely put an end to students who have long-distance running such as heart disease and asthma, and to exclude students who are unwell on the same day or for three consecutive days, because even long-distance running with a slight cold can easily lead to myocarditis. We must adhere to the guiding ideology of health first and never run for long-distance running.
(3) Careful preparation and accurate measurement. This reflects the teacher's attention to work and respect for students' long-distance running performance. When students see the number 10 meter on the runway when preparing for activities, it will naturally attract his attention and become the internal driving force for practice and all-out. The attitude of teachers and scholars will get the attitude of students' serious practice.
(4) It has been analyzed that teachers are the planners and participants of this experiment, and they are also the leaders of students' tenacious will quality, and they must exude the image of tenacious will quality. In the cold wind, teachers hold their ground like soldiers, and students are bound to be influenced by it. In the 5000-meter experiment in the third grade, I ran with a class for three days every day. The teachers sang songs and shouted slogans in the team, which not only inspired the students, but also left beautiful memories in their lives.
(5) The value of education is the orientation of human growth. In order to promote the education of physical education teachers to every student to the greatest extent, we must understand the physiological and psychological needs of students' growth and give full play to the educational function of physical education textbooks in combination with the characteristics of physical education teaching.
At present, the endurance quality of students with the only child as the main body continues to decline, which has aroused great concern of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council. The Ministry of Education launched the "National Sunshine Sports for Hundreds of Million Students", which shows that the state attaches importance to the physique of young students. First-line physical education teachers should firmly believe that our students can do it, base themselves on the classroom, innovate scientifically, enrich the classroom connotation, deepen the teaching reform, and lay the foundation for students' lifelong development.
refer to
[1] Geng Peixin, et al. Standard experimental teaching materials for ordinary junior middle schools [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 2005.
[2] Jiangsu primary and secondary school teaching laboratory. Physical Education and Health (Grade Three) [M]. Nanjing: Jiangsu Children Publishing House, 2004.
[3] Wang Bubiao, Hua Ming. Exercise physiology [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2006.
(Editor Li Xiang)