Rime has its footprints in many parts of the world, but why is Jilin Rime famous? Why 1985, Jilin rime, Guilin landscape, Yunnan Shilin and the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River were listed as "four natural wonders of China" by the relevant state departments? Why do thousands of domestic and foreign guests and friends come to see Jilin rime every year after Jilin's opening to the outside world? Why has Jilin Province and the municipal government been able to successfully hold several large-scale China Jilin Rime Ice and Snow Festival since 199 1 year? In short, why can Jilin rime be so favored and praised by people from all walks of life at home and abroad? Because Jilin rime has ten unique features:
grand sight
There are many wonderful landscapes in the world: Niagara Falls, one of the seven natural wonders of the world; Meadows National Park is one of the 12 famous scenic spots in the world and has its own characteristics. However, many strange landscapes are in the middle and low latitudes, or in the warm season at higher latitudes, and most of them are the essence of human creation. The unique charm of winter rime in Jilin in northern China is a kind of natural beauty on earth, which is spectacular. Give people a sense of mystery, but also intoxicating, add endless fun to the colorful world, and feast your eyes on guests from all over the world! In the freezing season, the earth freezes, trees hibernate, flowers wither and everything loses its vitality. However, the unique rime in Jilin, China can be "like the strong wind in spring, which comes at night and blows open the petals of the Wannian pear tree." Spring makes the dead branches of willow graceful, the green branches of pine and cypress are in full bloom, and the withered flowers and plants are in different shapes. This beautifully carved and lifelike rime in Jilin is dizzying and intoxicating. It is indeed the most beautiful scenery in the north and one of the four wonders of China.
(2) Very rare.
"Rime" is a common astronomical phenomenon in nature, which can be seen in China and many places in the world: in high latitudes or in mid-latitudes with high terrain and rich water vapor. However, according to the external characteristics, microstructure, production conditions and physical processes of rime, the classification of rime families is different. According to this classification, Jilin rime belongs to a rare hairy crystal rime. According to the analysis of the observation data of various kinds of rimes in the professional rime station in Tsevsk, Gebali, Russia for hundreds of years, the conclusion is that there are few crystal rimes in the form of fluff. Because of the formation of rime in Jilin, not only the temperature is very low, but also the water vapor is rich. What is more rare is that it has these two extremely important and contradictory natural conditions for the formation of rime. This is because the atmosphere generally has such physical characteristics: high temperature, high water content in the air; The temperature is low and the moisture content in the air is low. Therefore, Jilin Rime is an extraordinary model. It can also be said that Jilin Rime is a fine product in the ground crystal Rime and has become a leader in the Rime family field.
The second highest frequency
Rime has such characteristics: there are more rimes at high latitudes than at middle latitudes, and there are more rimes in mountainous areas than in plains. However, the rime in Jilin is beyond the normal range. Due to the low temperature, low water vapor content in the air and the freezing of rivers, water vapor rarely evaporates into the air. Therefore, the air humidity is small, so there is less supersaturated water vapor that can condense in the air, which belongs to a dry and cold climate. Therefore, the thickness of rime is not large, generally below 5- 10 mm, and it is evenly distributed around the branches of rime carrier. In winter in Jilin, because the unfrozen river water continuously evaporates a large amount of water vapor into the air, the temperature of the river water, the temperature difference between cold and warm and the water vapor pressure difference are abnormal, and the air humidity is high, which can condense more supersaturated water vapor. Therefore, the thickness of rime in Jilin is relatively large, often 40-60 mm, and it is relatively thick in the shallow water period of Fengman Dam in winter. In addition, the rime in Jilin is peculiar in shape and unevenly distributed around the branches of the rime carrier, that is, the rime in Jilin is very thick on the side facing the river, which is quite different from the thickness of the rime formed on the back of the wind, and some can be more than ten times different, forming a hairy and wonderful shape. In a word, Jilin rime is the thickest of hairy and crystalline rime.
(5) Extraordinary times.
The duration of annual rime in Jilin is longer than that of similar rime in other places. In many places, not only does the annual rime not last long, but it only appears in the lowest temperature month of the year, and the duration of each rime is also very short. It often appears for a while in the coldest morning in the local area and soon disappears, just like a flash in the pan. Rime in Jilin often appears from June 1 1 to March of the following year, and sometimes from June 10 to April of the following year, so there may be rime for half a year. In addition, the duration of each rime is also long, and it usually forms in the evening to the next morning. Around noon, the temperature rises, the wind speed increases, and the rime gradually weakens and disappears. If the meteorological factors such as temperature, wind and clouds do not change greatly in a few days, rime can appear continuously, especially during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period, when it was foggy for several days in a row, rime often appeared continuously. From the above, it can be seen that the rime time in one winter and the duration of each rime in Jilin are longer than similar rimes.
(6) Minimum density
In the rime family, except for crystal rime, Basata rime is generally formed at a low temperature of -3-8℃, with more water vapor in the air, larger droplets (similar to the rain in Mao Mao), strong wind, rapid formation process, and mostly formed by overlapping small ice beads, with compact structure and high density. The rime in Jilin is caused by supercooled water droplets (droplets below minus 20-30 degrees, but not condensed, called supercooled water droplets) that evaporate into water vapor and then condense into small ice crystals, which gradually overlap with the carrier under the action of breeze. Loose structure, extremely low density, often 0.0 1-0.04g/cm3. Therefore, in the rime family, Jilin rime has become a kind of rime with loose structure and minimum density.
(7) Crystal white
The colors of all kinds of rimes in the rime family are mainly determined by their density, structure, shape and characteristics: needle-like granular rime is composed of particles with a density of 0.06-0.08 g/cm3, with an orderly structure and milky white; The flake particle rime is composed of small amorphous ice bodies with a density of 0.4-0.6 g/cm3, and its structure is dense and grayish white. Fan-shaped granular rime is composed of zero density. 1-0.3g/cm3, dark white, with a structure similar to that of compact feathers or fans; Leaf-shaped crystal rime is composed of frozen substances with a density of 0.0 1-0.05g/cm3, and its structure is sparse, slender and white. Jilin frosted crystal is rime, the density is 0.0 1-0.04 g/cm3, and the structure is loose. Thin ice crystals overlap into rime-like fluffy snowflakes, which are clean and white. In addition to the above reasons, the color of rime is also determined by its surface properties because of optical principles. In other words, what color light an object reflects looks like. Seven colors of sunlight, if all absorbed by the object, will become black; If only one color of light is reflected, all other colors of light are absorbed, which seems to be the reflected color; If the color of light is completely reflected, it becomes white. Why is Jilin rime crystal clear and white? This is because its formation process is very slow, its structure is very loose and its density is very small, so there is a certain gap between ice crystals, almost all the light is reflected on the junction, and some light can be reflected from all aspects of each crystal, so the rime in Jilin looks crystal clear and white.
(8) beneficial and harmless
In many places, rime has compact structure and high density, which has certain destructive power to trees, wires and some attachments. Jilin rime is not only harmless because of its loose structure and low density, but also has many benefits to human beings. For example, when there is a rime, people feel that the air is fresh and comfortable, and it is called a natural "air purifier", because when the rime is formed, the "rime attachment" at the early stage of the rime adsorbs and settles a large number of particles harmful to human health and "aerosols" in atmospheric physics on the earth, thus purifying the air.
Use, contribute to human health and longevity. In addition, according to the characteristics, rhythm and periodicity of Jilin rime, the future weather and annual information will be fed back, making contributions to all walks of life to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, increase income and create profits. In a word, Jilin rime is beneficial and harmless, and it is a treasure of mankind.
(9) Superior place of origin
Jilin rime can be combined with beautiful environment, numerous tourist attractions, developed traffic and rich material resources to make it icing on the cake. Rime usually appears in cold and remote mountainous areas, with few people and inconvenient transportation, which has not formed the tourism conditions and significance of integrating economy, trade and entertainment, thus losing the ornamental value of rime in this area. Jilin rime, a famous city with more than 300 years of history and culture, appears in Jilin City, which is surrounded by mountains and waters, with beautiful environment, developed transportation and rich materials, ranking 3 1 megacity in China. There are many famous places of interest and tourist attractions at home and abroad: there are the largest meteorites in the world; The largest artificial Songhua Lake in China; Ski resorts and ice sports centers that can hold large-scale competitions; Jilin Confucian Temple, one of the four Confucius Temples in China, is a well-known ancient temple group in Beishan. And that: strange and charming river lanterns, colorful lanterns and colorful ice lanterns, as well as winter swimming, snow sailing, sledding, dog sledding and other ice and snow activities. Jilin is a modern industrial city with 1300 kinds of economic plants, 400 kinds of economic animals and 30 kinds of minerals. In addition, there is a complete supporting system for industrial categories and a number of large domestic enterprises. The integration of tourism, recreation and economic and trade activities promotes the integrated development and highlights the important value of Jilin rime as a tourism resource development and utilization. Such a superior production area makes Jilin rime icing on the cake and enjoys a world-renowned reputation.
(10) Harmony between Man and Nature
Rime is a weather phenomenon. As the name implies, this weather phenomenon is of course caused by the weather. The appearance of Jilin rime is not only the ingenious function of nature, but also the result of very important human factors, which complement each other. Therefore, Jilin rime has the characteristics of "harmony between man and nature". Jilin rime has this supernatural feature, which is very rare. That is, Jilin has long winter time, low temperature, often controlled by cold and high-pressure weather system, many sunny days, low wind speed, strong radiation cooling, obvious diurnal range, high air humidity, and many days of snowfall and fog. These are favorable weather and climate conditions for the formation of rime in Jilin; At the same time, it also has important geographical and environmental conditions such as mountains surrounded by water, numerous hills and dense forests. In addition to these natural conditions, there are special human influences: First, Songhua Lake, the largest artificial lake in China, has created a huge water source for the formation of rime in Jilin; Second, man-made dams are built to make Songhua Lake, which flows from the dam bottom, have a long history in severe winter. The third is to build a large hydropower station, which can manually control the required river flow. So in the cold winter, a lot of water vapor can evaporate on the river surface, forming a spectacular rime in Jilin. According to a large number of data, such a unique condition as Jilin rime is unique at home and abroad, especially in the mid-latitude plain area, and it is even rarer in the big cities with developed transportation.