1, testicular self-examination method
The best time for self-examination is after taking a bath, because any local tension will shrink the scrotum and affect the examination. After bathing, the scrotal skin will relax, and the examination will be easier and more accurate.
Specific technique: take a standing position. Let the scrotum droop naturally, hold it up with your palm, and observe and appreciate its size and weight. Hold the testicles gently with your hands, with your thumb above the testicles and your forefinger and middle finger below. Turn the testicles gently with your index finger and thumb to check their size, smooth surface and lumps, and pay attention to the difference between the left and right testicles. If there is an abnormal pea or pigeon eggs size, and there is no painful lump, you should be vigilant and ask a urologist for a specialist examination as soon as possible.
The American Cancer Research Center once advertised anti-cancer propaganda: "How do young people prevent cancer? Boys touch pills every day, girls touch their breasts every day! "
Pill cancer is one of the most common cancers among young men, and breast cancer is the most common cancer among American women. Its incidence is increasing year by year, which often causes tragedy to young people, so we should touch ourselves from time to time in order to find and save lives early. In addition, these two organs are outside the human body, which is convenient for "touching". Why not?
Although pill cancer may occur in three different age groups: infants, young people and the elderly, according to general discussion, pill cancer grows fastest among young people aged 15 to 34.
Pills are elastic and as hard as earlobes.
Pills expand with heat and contract with cold, so the best time to check is after taking a hot bath, when the scrotum is relaxed and it is the easiest to feel. During the examination, the thumb and forefinger of one hand push one side of the pill to the bottom of scrotum and fix it under the skin, while the thumb and forefinger of the other hand touch its size, elasticity and surface. Normal pills are firm, elastic but not hard, just like the hardness of earlobes, and the surface is smooth; If the size, hardness and surface change, you must consult a urologist.
Other organs in scrotum must also be touched by the way. The back edge around the pill is an auxiliary pill, where sperm are temporarily stored after production. The auxiliary pill feels as soft as a sponge, and it hurts when squeezed a little hard. It rarely causes cancer, but it is one of the most common inflammatory organs in men. When you get acute appendicitis, the whole scrotum will be red, swollen and hot. Chronic inflammation of the attached pill will form a lump on the attached pill, which can be felt to have nothing to do with the attached pill.
If the vulvar cyst bulges on the whole side, it is difficult to touch the pill clearly, which can be divided into the following situations: there may be water in the scrotum, and then you can see the light inside with a flashlight; If the contents are soft and opaque, it is most likely a hernia, that is, the intestines fell into the scrotum; If there is a mass above the left scrotum, it is probably varicocele, a venous tumor; Another situation is that there is a big hard thing in the scrotum, and it is impossible to tell the difference between pills and affiliated pills. Then it may be inflammation, torsion or hematoma of the attached pill, and further examination must be done.
2. Early signs of testicular cancer
The testis is located in the scrotum and easy to touch, so the early signs of testicular cancer are easier to find.
① Testicular enlargement. This is the result of endless proliferation and proliferation of tumor cells. The swelling shape is uneven, sometimes irregular, and the testis on one side of the tumor can swell and protrude.
② Testicular texture is hard. Touching the testicles by hand is like a stone, and the texture is very hard, which is obviously different from the uniform swelling and soft texture of the testicles when the testicles are inflamed. Although the testicles are hard, they feel painless, unlike orchitis.
③ The testicles are heavy. Testicular tumor is a solid mass because it is formed by a large number of tumor cells. After growing to a certain extent, the weight of testicles suddenly increases, and patients will feel a heavy feeling of falling, even affecting walking. If you hold your testicles with your hands, it is like holding a stone, which has a certain sense of weight.
④ The light transmission test was negative. Generally, when hydrocele occurs in the tunica vaginalis, the transmittance of scrotum and testis increases, and the transmittance test is positive. However, testicular tumors are dense and solid, and there is no liquid in them, so the light transmittance is greatly weakened.