Briefly describe the treatment principles of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable period.
Correct answer:
(1) Health education: educate patients to quit smoking and get rid of environmental pollution such as dust and irritating gases.
(2) Bronchial relaxants: ① Short-acting and long-acting β2 adrenergic receptor agonists. For example, salbutamol and terbutaline are short-acting quantitative inhalers, while salmeterol and formoterol are long-acting timed inhalers. ② Theophylline drugs. Such as aminophylline, can relieve respiratory smooth muscle spasm. ③ Anticholinergic drugs. The main variety is ipratropium bromide aerosol, which can block M choline receptor and relieve symptoms.
(3) Glucocorticoid: severe patients, FEV 1(4) Other drugs: expectorants can be used for people with difficulty in expectoration, and commonly used drugs are bromhexine, ambroxol, acetylcysteine, carmetan or mestane.
(5) Long-term home oxygen therapy: patients generally use nasal catheter to inhale oxygen, the oxygen flow rate is 1.0~2.0L/min, and the oxygen inhalation time is >; 15h/ day.