Mental health knowledge
1. Know yourself, accept yourself and affirm yourself.
2. Be responsible for your own life.
3. Have great dreams and set clear life goals.
4. Learn self-control, overcome temptation and live in reality.
5. Learn to deal with anger, depression, melancholy and boredom.
6. Always encourage yourself to enhance your self-confidence.
7. Establish good interpersonal relationships.
8. Pay attention to exercise and show vitality.
9. Learn to think and develop a positive attitude towards learning and life.
10, purify the mind and pursue a peaceful state of mind.
Improvement of interpersonal communication ability
Self-regulation in interpersonal communication is an inevitable and important behavior in life.
People's psychological adaptation is mainly the adaptation to interpersonal relationships, so people's psychological diseases are mainly due to the imbalance of interpersonal relationships.
1, learn to cultivate an outlook on life that is conducive to his dedication.
2. Learn the psychological adjustment of role-playing.
3. Have a correct understanding of competition and cooperation.
4|, accept yourself and others.
5. Correctly handle the three emotions, three principles and three methods in interpersonal communication.
6. Eliminate bad psychology in interpersonal communication.
2. Mental health knowledge 100 words
Mental health: it is the most common view to divide health and unhealthy according to whether an individual can adapt to the environment.
A person is well adapted to the environment, psychologically healthy, poorly adapted and unhealthy. There are relatively objective indexes for people's physical health in medicine, but there is no recognized and consistent standard for people's mental health. According to the relevant information at home and abroad, we sum up several psychological characteristics that a mentally healthy person should have in order to deepen our understanding of the concept of mental health.
1. Harmonious interpersonal relationship
Mentally healthy people have positive and good interpersonal relationships, have their own friends and are willing to associate with others. Always show respect, trust, friendship, sympathy, help and understanding when getting along with others. He can not only accept the advantages of others, but also tolerate their shortcomings.
2. Correct self-concept
Mentally healthy people can not only objectively evaluate others, but also correctly understand and accept themselves. He can exert his potential, correct and overcome his shortcomings, experience the value of his existence, and devote himself to social ideals that conform to the laws of social development.
3. Healthy emotional experience
People with mental health have a healthy emotional experience. His emotional state is caused by appropriate reasons, the intensity of emotional reaction is commensurate with the situation that caused it, and the duration of emotion changes with the objective situation. He has both positive emotional states such as pleasure, happiness and joy, and negative emotional states such as anger, fear and anxiety, but the positive emotional experience is often more than the negative emotional experience, and he can always maintain a happy and optimistic mood.
4. Love life and be willing to study and work.
Mentally healthy people, love life and are willing to study and work; In my study and work, I always strive to make progress, be positive, give full play to my intelligence and try my best to achieve the greatest success.
5. Face up to reality and accept it
A mentally healthy person can face the reality, accept the reality, objectively reflect the reality and treat the reality with a correct attitude. He can not only face up to all kinds of difficulties in life, study and work, but also solve them properly in practical and effective ways; For setbacks, you can also use mature and sound adaptive methods to solve them, and don't try to escape.
6. Normal behavior, perfect and harmonious personality
For people with mental health, the internal reaction and external performance of behavior are consistent; Before and after the behavior is consistent and unified; The intensity of behavioral response is consistent with * * *. A person whose psychological activity and behavior are harmonious is called a person with complete and harmonious personality.
7. Psychological behavior conforms to age characteristics.
People's psychological and behavioral performance always develops and changes with age. This development and change has some age stages. People of the same age have some similarities in psychological and behavioral performance. A mentally healthy person should have the same psychological and behavioral characteristics as most of his peers.
* The definition of health by the United Nations World Health Organization: Health refers not only to the absence of disease in the body, but also to the sound and optimal state of psychological and social adaptability.
The research of modern scientists reveals that mental health and physical health are mutually influenced, restricted and dialectically unified.
* Diseases that cause organ dysfunction or tissue damage due to long-term negative emotions are called psychosomatic diseases in modern medicine.
China ancient medicine put forward the theory that worldly desires, happiness, anger, worry, thinking, sadness, fear and shock caused diseases long ago, and thought that mind and body were unified, which had many similarities with modern western psychosomatic medicine theory.
3. Little (short) knowledge about mental health
Now the standard of mental health is defined as the simplest.
First, it has enough adaptability;
Second, you can fully understand yourself and make a moderate evaluation of your ability;
Third, the reality of life goals;
Fourth, not divorced from the real environment;
Five, can maintain the integrity and harmony of personality;
6. Be good at learning from experience;
Seven, can maintain good interpersonal relationships;
Eight, can moderately vent emotions and control emotions;
Nine, under the premise of not violating the collective interests, can play a limited role of personality;
Ten, under the premise of not violating social norms, can properly meet the basic needs of individuals;
4. Little knowledge about mental health.
Mental health: it is the most common view to divide health and unhealthy according to whether an individual can adapt to the environment.
A person is well adapted to the environment, psychologically healthy, poorly adapted and unhealthy. There are relatively objective indexes for people's physical health in medicine, but there is no recognized and consistent standard for people's mental health. According to the relevant information at home and abroad, we sum up several psychological characteristics that a mentally healthy person should have in order to deepen our understanding of the concept of mental health.
1. Harmonious interpersonal relationship
Mentally healthy people have positive and good interpersonal relationships, have their own friends and are willing to associate with others. Always show respect, trust, friendship, sympathy, help and understanding when getting along with others. He can not only accept the advantages of others, but also tolerate their shortcomings.
2. Correct self-concept
Mentally healthy people can not only objectively evaluate others, but also correctly understand and accept themselves. He can exert his potential, correct and overcome his shortcomings, experience the value of his existence, and devote himself to social ideals that conform to the laws of social development.
3. Healthy emotional experience
People with mental health have a healthy emotional experience. His emotional state is caused by appropriate reasons, the intensity of emotional reaction is commensurate with the situation that caused it, and the duration of emotion changes with the objective situation. He has both positive emotional states such as pleasure, happiness and joy, and negative emotional states such as anger, fear and anxiety, but the positive emotional experience is often more than the negative emotional experience, and he can always maintain a happy and optimistic mood.
4. Love life and be willing to study and work.
Mentally healthy people, love life and are willing to study and work; In my study and work, I always strive to make progress, be positive, give full play to my intelligence and try my best to achieve the greatest success.
5. Face up to reality and accept it
A mentally healthy person can face the reality, accept the reality, objectively reflect the reality and treat the reality with a correct attitude. He can not only face up to all kinds of difficulties in life, study and work, but also solve them properly in practical and effective ways; For setbacks, you can also adopt mature and sound adaptive methods to solve them, and never try to escape.
6. Normal behavior, perfect and harmonious personality
For people with mental health, the internal reaction and external performance of behavior are consistent; Before and after the behavior is consistent and unified; The intensity of behavioral response is consistent with * * *. A person whose psychological activity and behavior are harmonious is called a person with complete and harmonious personality.
7. Psychological behavior conforms to age characteristics.
People's psychological and behavioral performance always develops and changes with age. This development and change has some age stages. People of the same age have some similarities in psychological and behavioral performance. A mentally healthy person should have the same psychological and behavioral characteristics as most of his peers.
* The definition of health by the United Nations World Health Organization: Health refers not only to the absence of disease in the body, but also to the sound and optimal state of psychological and social adaptability.
The research of modern scientists reveals that mental health and physical health are mutually influenced, restricted and dialectically unified.
* Diseases that cause organ dysfunction or tissue damage due to long-term negative emotions are called psychosomatic diseases in modern medicine.
China ancient medicine put forward the theory that worldly desires, happiness, anger, worry, thinking, sadness, fear and shock caused diseases long ago, and thought that mind and body were unified, which had many similarities with modern western psychosomatic medicine theory.
5. Mental health knowledge materials
The mental health of teenagers means that teenagers get good development in moral, intellectual and physical aspects, can establish good relations with others in the process of study and social activities, can understand others, distinguish right from wrong, and can overcome difficulties when encountering troubles.
At present, there is no unified and recognized standard for adolescent mental health. From the point of view of most psychologists and medical scientists, the mental health of teenagers should at least meet the following standards:
1. Good health and normal intelligence. Physical health and normal intelligence are one of the most important standards to measure mental health, and they are also the basic conditions for normal life and work.
2. Complete personality and good consciousness. Mentally healthy teenagers are frank in character, consistent in words and deeds, love life, have a wide range of interests, have good self-awareness, respect others, and are good at adjusting their words and deeds to make their personality and emotions conform to their age characteristics.
3. Be willing to communicate and be good at making friends. Have good interpersonal relationships, be good at making intimate friends, communicate with friends, get along well, treat contradictions and differences correctly and properly, and have the desire and behavior to help others.
4. Emotionally stable, optimistic and cheerful. Emotion is the thermometer of mental health; Optimism can make people feel happy. If you maintain a relatively optimistic and stable mood, you can be positive, modest and prudent in prosperity, persevere in adversity and overcome difficulties.
5. pursue something and make progress. Can establish a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values, have ideals, beliefs and pursuits, dare to face reality and take responsibility.
We usually analyze some problems among teenagers politically, ideologically and morally, but rarely psychologically. We replace everything with simple, inflexible, rigid and rigid ideological and political work, and blindly pursue the enrollment rate, which makes the psychological quality of teenagers, including competitiveness, emotion, personality, self-awareness, personality tendency, social communication and adaptability, often in a spontaneous and blind state of development.
Give play to the role of family education. Parents should maintain a good attitude, improve their self-cultivation, establish the concept of sustainable development of family education, cultivate children's various interests, fundamentally avoid external, compulsory and excessive education, and give children emotional support.
6. Psychological knowledge question and answer
What is the latest definition of health by the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO)? A: Health means not only the absence of diseases, but also physical health, mental health, good social adaptation and moral health.
Paralympics is an important part of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The performance of disabled athletes can better reflect a country's overall quality and social care. The biggest psychological obstacle of disabled athletes is inferiority complex, so what are the ways to eliminate inferiority complex? Answer: Learn self-affirmation, learn to retire correctly, establish a good self-awareness, praise and motivate yourself.
3. It is very important to be able to listen effectively and actively in the communication with disabled athletes. What does this psychological skill include? A: 1) Maintain proper eye contact. 2) Nodding in agreement and appropriate facial expressions.
3) Avoid distracting actions or gestures. 4) Use the problem.
5) use retelling. 6) Avoid interrupting the speaker.
7) Not much to say. 8) Make the roles of the listener and the speaker change smoothly.
4. What is the relationship between body and mind? A: The relationship between body and mind is not irrelevant, but interactive. Physical diseases will inevitably bring psychological pressure to people, and psychological diseases will also induce various physical diseases.
5. What are the psychological characteristics of athletes with visual impairment? A: 1) introverted personality, profound and implicit emotional experience, less explosive emotional expression. 2) Always be cautious about people and things.
3) Determine the location of daily necessities by memory, and be willing to do everything by yourself. 6. What are the psychological characteristics of hearing-impaired athletes? A: 1) outgoing and straightforward, with intense emotional reaction.
2) The internal driving force of communication with people is not strong. 3) There is a strong desire to communicate with people in the subconscious.
7. What are the psychological characteristics of athletes with physical disabilities? A: 1) Generally speaking, people are stubborn. 2) Strong self-restraint.
3) Strong self-esteem and very sensitive to other people's attitudes. 8. What are the psychological characteristics of mentally retarded athletes? A: 1) Mental development is slow.
2) Poor comprehension and memory. 3) Poor ability to accept people and things and slow response.
9. What necessary psychological reserves should volunteers make in the volunteer service of the Paralympic Games? A: 1) Equality and sincerity. 2) Enthusiasm and diligence.
3) Appropriate help. 4) know how to be patient.
10, from a psychological point of view, what should be paid attention to when interacting with people? A: 1) Focus on image. 2) neither humble nor supercilious.
3) Respect others. 4) Be tolerant.
5) Respect privacy. 6) Treat people with sincerity.
7) Moderate enthusiasm. 1 1. When is World Mental Health Day every year? A: Every year 10 is 10.
12, on March 26th, 2007, the contents of psychological first aid were first compiled into the domestic first aid manual-2008 Beijing Olympic Edition. What are the characteristics of psychological first aid? A: 1) universality. 2) Similarity.
3) operability and operability. 13. What are the characteristics of psychological first aid compared with traditional first aid when encountering emergencies and disasters? Answer: The object of psychological first aid-psychological injury is far greater than the injury caused by physical injury and property loss, which lasts longer and is more difficult to repair.
14, people often have great psychological pressure in the face of casualties and catastrophic events, which will lead to those strong emotional reactions? A: The strong emotional reaction caused is the object that needs intervention in psychological first aid. Including: excitement, confusion, panic, helplessness, disappointment, etc.
15, what is the key to psychological first aid for people who encounter unexpected events or disasters? A: In addition to mastering the necessary knowledge of psychological first aid, the most important thing is to grasp the details and be patient. 16. What methods can relieve the victim's rapid heartbeat and nervous mood when giving psychological first aid? A: There should be some physical contact, such as holding the victim's hand or holding his shoulder, so as to give him a sense of security at close range.
After that, you can hand him some simple food, take a deep breath together, and then pinch his nervous muscles. 17. What kind of psychological first aid should be taken for victims who are eager to ask about their peers' injuries? A: Let him speak freely and ask as many questions as possible. Don't refute his point of view, don't tell him the serious situation at once, and use the most relaxed expression to ease his mood.
18. What psychological emergency treatment should be taken for patients with extreme panic? Answer: At the same time of psychological counseling in time, they should be guided to leave the scene and isolated from other wounded, so as not to affect other wounded. 19. Researchers from Michigan State University recently studied the personality characteristics of Olympic champions. What are the personality characteristics of these athletes? A: 1) Ability to cope with and control anxiety; 2) self-confidence; 3) indomitable spirit; 4) concentrate on eliminating interference; 5) competitiveness; 6) the concept of hard work; 7) Ability to set and achieve goals; 8) coaching ability; 9) Optimism.
20. In a recent study abroad, what are the main factors that Olympic athletes think have a positive impact on competition performance? A: 1) Psychological skills and preparation 2) Attitude towards the Olympic Games 3) Support service system 4) Physical preparation and training. 2 1. Ding Xueqin, a sports psychologist in China, asked what are the main aspects of the psychology of Olympic champions? A: 1) The target is positioned correctly, and the focus is on the operation rather than the result; 2) detachment, psychological orientation, showing high self-confidence; 3) The degree of thinking optimization and purification is high; 4) Strong will, self-transcendence, and strong pressure resistance; 5) Long-term psychological skills training has formed a good mentality.
22. Ding Xueqin, a sports psychologist in China, put forward that what are the main aspects of the psychology of Olympic losers? A: 1) Too much pressure; 2) Psychological adjustment is not in place; 3) Role orientation deviation, insufficient psychological preparation and blind self-confidence; 4) Want to win and be afraid of losing; 5) The attention skills of self-emotional control ability are not strong. 23. According to Zhang, a sports psychologist in China, what are the predictors of athletes' psychological consumption in major competitions? A: 1) self-introduction role positioning; 2) the degree of feeling for finding major competitions; 3) Self-efficacy in major competitions; 4) Self-control ability of athletes; 5) Will quality; 6) the ability to adapt to the situation; 7) Expectations and expressions of relevant environmental figures on athletes.
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7. Mental health tips
1, have a hobby that you love very much, but don't take it as a career. Whenever you are upset, your hobby can give you a little peace.
I have a job I love, and I will not lose interest in life when I get up in the morning to face the job.
3. Have a person you love and a person who loves yourself. Whether you are lonely or not, you can become stronger or weaker in front of the person you love.
4. There is a family close to you. You are the indispensable focus of this family. You may not be the pillar of this family, but you are a family, and you are full of responsibilities and expectations for this family.
5. Some friends will quarrel. If you scold him angrily, he will scold you, but after a few seconds, you will forget what happened before and continue to tell each other's little secrets.
This is what I think people who are healthy in all aspects will have.
8. Several questions about mental health
Let's talk about my personal views from top to bottom. Please testify if there are any shortcomings.
1, excessive pursuit of perfection will make you very tired, and it will also make people around you very tired and excessive! 2, this is true, everyone is used to choosing the former, let's talk about it. 3. This kind of cognition seems to be more suitable for women than men.
But on the whole, such people are just a problem. Take it for granted that there will be problems, which will affect and hinder your own development. History has turned to the past. For now, we mostly learn from, summarize and improve.
Bad ones must be warned not to make mistakes again. Good ones can be absorbed, reused and improved. The impact is there, but it will get farther and farther with the pace of progress.
5, different views, views do not understand, everything is only relative, not absolute. The motion of everything is absolute.
6. There is no feeling in the world, it's all in my heart. If you don't have your own opinion, others' may become yours, and you may choose to absorb or give up.
In short, it is in your own hands. There are many ways to analyze a person's mental health.
You can use the knowledge you have learned to conduct comprehensive measurement and testing with the help of rulers and projection methods. Shallow advice, I hope it will help.
9. Questions and common sense about health knowledge
1. How to remove fresh-keeping wax from apples: Sprinkle edible salt on apples, and then gently rub them with your hands. After all the salt is sprinkled on the apples, wash them in clean water, and there will be no fresh-keeping wax.
2. Add a little salt to warm water, then put the peach into the water and rub it gently with your hands, the hair of the peach will fall off quickly, and then rinse the peach with clear water. 3, drink plenty of water: especially in air-conditioned offices or rooms, pay special attention to water replenishment, which can improve the dry state of eye mucosa.
The distance from the computer screen should not be shorter than 30 cm. Use radiation protection goggles to avoid eye damage caused by radiation. When people are exercising vigorously, they will lose some water and salt in their bodies because they sweat a lot, which makes people feel thirsty.
If you only drink a lot of water without adding salt, after the water is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract, it will take away some salt with sweating and urination. Due to the decrease of salt in blood, water will be quickly absorbed by tissue cells, causing cell edema and making people dizzy and thirsty. This phenomenon is called dehydrated hyponatremia.
In addition, drinking a lot of water after transportation will make the stomach swell and feel uncomfortable, the digestive ability will decrease, and the burden on the heart will increase, which is not good for the body. So rinse your mouth with water after exercise, then drink less and slowly.
It would be better if you could drink some salt and soda. Tips for life and health 1, eating too much before going to bed at night will lead to gastric cancer. Because the stomach can't rest. You can only eat four eggs a week. Eating too much is bad for your health. 3. Chicken contains carcinogens. It's better not to eat. It is a wrong idea to eat fruit after meals. It should be eating fruit before meals. 5. Girls should not drink green tea during menstruation. No tea anyway. Eat more things that can replenish blood. 6. Drink soy milk without eggs and sugar. Don't drink too much. 7. Don't eat tomatoes on an empty stomach. It's best to eat after meals. 8.wake up in the morning. Drink a glass of water first. Prevent stones. 9. Don't eat three hours before going to bed. You will gain 10, and drink less milk tea. Because it is high in calories and oil, it has no nutritional value. If you drink it for a long time, you are prone to diseases such as hypertension and diabetes. 65,438+065,438, freshly baked bread is not suitable for immediate consumption. Stay away from the charging stand. The human body should be more than 30cm away from the bedside. Never put it on 13, 14. Drink eight glasses of water a day and ten glasses of water a day. Bladder cancer will not come 15, drink plenty of water during the day. 16 Drink less water at night and don't exceed two cups of coffee a day. Excessive drinking can easily lead to insomnia. Stomach pain 17, eat less greasy food. Because the blood in the brain needs 5~7 hours to digest and concentrate on the stomach, it is easy to fall asleep 18, after 5 pm. Eat less when eating a big meal, because your body doesn't need so much energy after five o'clock. 19 and 10 will make you happy: deep-sea fish. Chicken, cherry 20, lack of sleep will make you stupid. You need to sleep for eight hours every day. If you have the habit of taking a nap, you won't get old. The best sleep time is from 10 to 6: 22 in the morning. Don't drink more than one glass a day, because alcohol will inhibit B cells that make antibodies and increase the chance of bacterial infection. 23. Make capsules with cold water before going to bed (you can eat them first). People who are angry should eat more. 25. Hair loss factors: staying up late, stress, alcohol and tobacco, spicy chicken chops, spicy pots, greasy food, and over-seasoned dishes. 26. Help hair grow: eat more cabbage, eggs and beans; Eat less sweets (especially fructose). Drink a glass of lemon juice and orange juice every day. It can not only whiten skin, but also fade dark spots. Apples are always a good medicine for motorcyclists, addicts and housewives. One tablet a day can give you a clean lung. Smoking and eating vitamins (a vitamin B carotene -A) can cause cancer. Quitting smoking as soon as possible is the healthiest way. 30. Women should not drink tea in five periods: menstrual period, pregnant women, before delivery, after delivery, menopause 3 1, smoking, and the most important ones are lung cancer, lip cancer, tongue cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer and bladder cancer. 32. Drinking alcohol leads to cirrhosis. 33. eat areca can cause oral fibrosis and oral cancer. Containing a lot of fat, especially cholesterol, can cause gastric cancer. 35. The food is too rough and malnutrition leads to esophageal cancer. 36. Aflatoxin and nitrite in food are carcinogenic. 37. Don't smoke. Refuse to smoke secondhand smoke. 38. Drink in moderation and don't play for a long time. Don't get drunk. 39. Reduce salt consumption. Tobacco and barbecue foods 40, fresh fruits and vegetables 4 1 daily, grains and beans rich in high fiber 42, a balanced diet every day, not too much 43, keeping an ideal weight, but being fat 44, keeping a regular life and exercise 45, keeping a relaxed and happy mood 46, and correct eating habits: eating like an emperor in the morning, eating like a commoner at noon and eating like a beggar at night. Sleeping naked is beneficial to the skin, increasing metabolism and promoting skin breathing. Bedsheets and quilts should be changed frequently to keep them clean. Change the toothbrush at least once a month. It is not good to brush your teeth with ordinary toothpaste. Different toothpastes contain different elements beneficial to teeth. According to statistics, most cerebral thrombosis is found when you get up in the morning. Medical experts pointed out that this may be caused by the lack of drinking water at night.
Lack of water in the body will increase the viscosity of blood, and the blood will be too thick and thick, which will easily lead to thrombosis and induce cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Some elderly people will feel thirsty when they wake up after a night's sleep, which is also due to the fact that they can't replenish water in time at night and their blood is sticky.
It is reported that researchers from a university in Japan conducted a group study on male elderly people. One group got up in the middle of the night and drank 250 ml of boiled water, while the other group slept until dawn without drinking water at night, and then their blood concentrations were measured respectively. The results showed that the blood concentration of drinking water group was significantly reduced, and the risk of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction was also reduced accordingly.