Mental health knowledge 1, know yourself, accept yourself and affirm yourself.
2. Be responsible for your own life. 3. Have great dreams and set clear life goals.
4. Learn self-control, overcome temptation and live in reality. 5. Learn to deal with anger, depression, melancholy and boredom.
6. Always encourage yourself to enhance your self-confidence. 7. Establish good interpersonal relationships.
8. Pay attention to exercise and show vitality. 9. Learn to think and develop a positive attitude towards learning and life.
10, purify the mind and pursue a peaceful state of mind. The improvement of interpersonal communication ability and self-regulation of interpersonal communication are inevitable and important behaviors in life.
People's psychological adaptation is mainly the adaptation to interpersonal relationships, so people's psychological diseases are mainly due to the imbalance of interpersonal relationships. 1, learn to cultivate an outlook on life that is conducive to his dedication.
2. Learn the psychological adjustment of role-playing; 3. Have a correct understanding of competition and cooperation; 4. Accept yourself and others. 5. Correctly handle the three emotions, three principles and three methods in interpersonal communication.
6. Eliminate bad psychology in interpersonal communication.
2. Primary school students' mental health knowledge
1. Don't be too hard on yourself.
In order to avoid setbacks, you should set your goals within your ability. Don't expect too much from others.
Everyone has his own advantages and disadvantages. You can't force others to meet your own requirements. 3. vent your anger.
When you are angry, try to vent your anger in other ways, such as playing ball games and singing, to eliminate fire and vent your anger. 4. It can be stretched and bent.
Under the condition that the major premise is not affected, there is no need to care too little to reduce your troubles. 5. Pour out your troubles to others.
Burying depression in your heart will only make you unhappy If you tell your close friends about your troubles, you will feel happy.
6. Help others. 7. Focus on recent events.
8. Don't compete with others everywhere. 9. I realize that setbacks are twofold. Frustration will give people a blow, bring loss and pain, but it can also make people rise and mature, and get exercise from it.
3. How to write pupils' psychological common sense? Should be complete.
First, the main manifestation of pupils' psychological defects is 1. Sensitivity: Teenagers have strong self-awareness, urgent self-esteem requirements and low psychological endurance.
Therefore, when they realize that their self-esteem is threatened, they will have strong anxiety, anxiety and fear. When their self-esteem is hurt, they will be angry, angry, often nervous and suspicious. 2. Rebellion: Because primary school students are in the transition period of growth, their sense of independence and self-awareness is increasing day by day. They are eager to get rid of the guardianship of their parents and teachers and oppose adults treating themselves as children. At the same time, in order to show their uniqueness, it is easy for them to hold a critical attitude towards everything.
3. Jealousy: This is an unpleasant emotion generated by the dominant position of others in the heart. When others are better than themselves (such as study, looks, popularity, etc. ), they show unhappy, self-mutilation, resentment, anger and even destructive negative emotions.
4. Lost: Primary school students have many fantasies and hope to become a reality. They will make all kinds of efforts, even deliberately pursue it. When this demand is continuously unsatisfied or partially satisfied, there will be setbacks, mostly in learning, eating and wearing, playing with high-end toys and so on.
This is easy to bring tension, fear, frustration and disappointment to primary and secondary school students. 5. Inferiority: It is an emotional experience of self-humiliation caused by printing too much self-denial.
Lack of confidence in yourself, inferior to others in all aspects, and inferiority. In interpersonal communication, I underestimated my ability and my psychological endurance was fragile.
Caution, withdrawal, hesitation, etc. 6. Loneliness: Through the investigation, it is found that some students often feel that they are lonely in the vast sea, and they are withdrawn and unwilling to associate with others, but complain that others do not understand themselves and accept themselves.
Psychology calls this psychological state locking psychology, and the resulting emotional experience of feeling isolated and lonely is called loneliness. Second, the main reasons for the psychological obstacles of primary school students These psychological problems of primary school students are caused by both their own growth factors and external environmental factors, and are the result of the comprehensive effect of "internal causes" and "external causes". To sum up, there are mainly the following reasons: 1, unbalanced physical and mental growth.
Great changes have taken place in the physical development of primary school students. They have no experience, lack of knowledge and experience, and their cognitive ability, understanding, thinking ability and feelings are far behind those of adults. This imbalance between physical development and psychological development has caused many puzzles, troubles and anxieties among primary school students, resulting in psychological problems.
2. The misunderstanding of family education. Overindulgence and high expectations make family education generally tend to ignore social education such as moral development, personality education, practical ability and social responsibility.
Parents only pay attention to their children's exams and further studies, but they don't pay attention to their moral development, communication skills, personality cultivation and social behavior norms. When parents' high expectations are inconsistent with their children's own needs, they always impose their wishes on their children's wishful thinking, which will make teenagers feel depressed and dissatisfied, cause psychological diseases such as doubt and depression, and lead to high scores, low energy and unhealthy psychology.
3. The misunderstanding of school education. Under pressure, some schools and teachers have to try their best to pursue the enrollment rate and create a famous brand effect. Achievement has become the only criterion for evaluating students' ability. If students' emotional troubles cannot be told to teachers and parents in time, it will cause psychological stress and form psychological barriers.
The development of mental health education in primary schools in different regions is very uneven, especially there are still some unhealthy tendencies such as discipline, medicine, one-sidedness, formalization and isolation. 4. The influence of social environment.
School education shows students positive education; Nowadays, various ideological trends are impacting our society, and there is a strong contrast between the simple educational content and the complicated social life, which leads students to fall into a situation of no finger and no attachment. The confusion of students' thoughts and emotional fluctuations are also one of the reasons for the formation of psychological obstacles. Third, the main countermeasures to deal with the psychological obstacles of primary school students As the saying goes, "Heart disease needs heart medicine."
Although the causes of mental illness are complex and difficult to deal with, they are not innate, let alone incurable. The key is to put people first and prescribe the right medicine to get positive results.
In practice, I think the following methods can be adopted: 1, eliminating rebellious psychology-communication. First of all, we should cultivate students' social adaptability, and ask them to hone their thoughts and sentiments, establish a correct outlook on life and the world, and be a talented person who contributes to society. Secondly, they are required to understand adults in a positive sense, so that students can understand that parents and teachers are well-intentioned criticisms. Parents and teachers can also make people, and normal people, feel happy and unhappy and make mistakes.
As long as we understand these things with a tolerant attitude, we will not be rebellious; Third, educate students to know themselves correctly, grasp themselves and strive to improve themselves. I often remind myself to exercise restraint, communicate more, increase trust and learn more. Finally, parents and teachers are required to pay more attention to their children's psychological needs, keep abreast of their thoughts and actions, listen to their voices, understand their joys and sorrows, put down their elders' airs and establish an equal relationship with their children. 2. Eliminate inferiority and loneliness-enhance self-confidence.
There are many reasons for inferiority and loneliness. Generally speaking, the main reasons are physiological reasons, setbacks and psychological trauma, personality factors, family education problems and unsatisfied needs. The key to eliminating inferiority and loneliness is to be satisfied with your existing strength! Teachers should help students analyze their own advantages, make correct evaluations and give full play to their own strengths; Secondly, do everything possible to improve your self-confidence.
We join hands with teachers of various subjects to enhance students' self-confidence and prevent them from feeling that they can't do anything well. Finally, it is to guide students to overcome their inferiority by assiduously making up shortcomings and fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses. Teachers should help these students find their own breakthrough and make achievements in a certain aspect through hard work.
3. Eliminate sensitive and fragile psychology-cultivate will. To eliminate fragile psychology, we must first guide students to establish a correct outlook on life and world and improve their cognitive level; Secondly, improve students' self-control level and cultivate frustration tolerance; The third is to overcome the pessimistic and negative mentality and establish self-confidence.
4. Ask pupils for psychological common sense
First, the ways and methods of mental health education in schools:
1. Teachers participate in students' discussions and games as friends, allowing students to express their thoughts and listen to others' voices.
2. Take notes in time, conversation record.
Second, the family carries out mental health education for primary school students:
It is not enough for primary school students' mental health education to be completed only by schools. In a sense, family education is the main thing. Therefore, schools and parents should attach great importance to primary school students' mental health education, and make use of parent-teacher conferences, parents' open days and other means to give more suggestions to parents and guide them to carry out family mental health education for primary school students.
Third, primary school students' self-mental health education:
Cultivate primary school students' awareness of self-mental health education. It is necessary to let primary school students know its importance and basic common sense through various channels, and know how to get help in case of doubt.
Fourth, from reality, teach students some methods of self-mental health education:
1, learn to relax. To let students know that nervousness is a normal psychological reaction, they can adjust and relax by imagination, distraction, breathing adjustment, sports activities, listening to music and reading.
Step 2 talk to people. Let students know that they should learn to ask for help, talk to teachers, elders, relatives and friends, and talk to people for a lifetime.
3, like to write small practice pens and diaries, primary school students should learn to talk to themselves with pens and describe their inner tracks with words. Teachers and parents should respect children's privacy without their permission.
4. While learning cultural knowledge and basic skills, we should also participate in some collective activities and social contacts in a planned and purposeful way, such as sports competitions and literary activities, so as to better cultivate diversified interests and hobbies.
5. Learn to observe, analyze and evaluate yourself, and gradually form a good psychological quality of self-esteem, self-love, self-confidence and self-control, which is conducive to forming and maintaining a positive and optimistic attitude for a long time.
6. Pupils who have formed bad behavior habits should, under the direct guidance of teachers and parents, strive to restrain and correct their own shortcomings, develop their own advantages and constantly improve their personality.
As a class teacher, we should observe the situation of students at school and communicate with parents in time to prevent problems before they happen. Carefully observe whether the child's personality is cheerful, active and curious; Whether the relationship with parents is just right, whether you can actively communicate with parents and teachers, and whether you have a good relationship with classmates; Right and wrong concept, consciousness and strength; Whether the desire to learn is strong, whether the facial expression is happy or unhappy, whether the students are full of energy, whether they are good at making friends and not lonely, etc. Observe whether children have psychological problems, and strive to make school education and family education form a joint force, so that students are willing to study and work; Optimistic and steady; Harmonious interpersonal relationship; Can face the reality, adapt to the environment and know yourself.
In the whole process of mental health education for students, school education has always been in a dominant position, but family education plays a key role. Being a teacher, especially a class teacher, is the link between family education and school education. Always contact parents, reflect students' situation at school, understand their performance at home, and make psychological cases according to the situation. Parents should take the initiative to understand students' performance at school and cooperate with teachers to do a good job in children's psychological work. Only in this way can students have healthy psychology and noble personality.
5. Psychological tips
Daily psychology 1. When you are in tears, don't make any decision. Talk as little as possible when you are in a bad mood.
Don't dwell on the same problem, don't put all your feelings on one person, you still have parents and other friends. Don't be afraid to do something wrong, even if it is wrong, don't be sad. There are right and wrong in life, not to mention many things. In retrospect, right or wrong doesn't matter.
4. It's normal to have negative emotions, but you should know that this is only a small part of life. Try to stabilize your emotions in the rest of the time. 5. It is normal for that person not to contact you suddenly; It's normal for that person to contact you suddenly. It doesn't mean anything.
6. Speak out if you don't understand. Don't say it when you understand it. Just smile. 7. All troubles are caused by oneself and can only be solved by oneself. Don't cry to your friends, ask them to play ball.
8. You must do what you said, even if it is stupid, it is better than breaking your word. No matter what happens, don't break the original rules of life and eat and sleep on time.
10. Don't be afraid to do one thing, don't be afraid to get hurt, don't be afraid to say something wrong, don't be afraid to recall the past, and don't be afraid to face the future. 1 1. Whether it is right or wrong, you need a criterion, and your behavior should follow this criterion and be constantly revised according to real life.
It is impossible for people who are indecisive repeatedly to please. People who wander between right and wrong are not as positive as those who move from wrong to right. 12. When he said, "Shall we calm down for a while?" Say yes calmly and then hang up.
Stop begging, he didn't come to ask your advice. 13. Don't take out everything from your heart, these are the wealth that belongs to you only.
14. Don't talk to a person about people in the same circle, no matter how reliable you think he is. 15. When you don't know what to say to him, don't say anything. Silence has infinite meaning.
16. Do not pursue any results. Everyone has the same result, and that is death. 17. Don't regret. Anyway, regret is more terrible than what you did wrong, because it will destroy your self-confidence and self-esteem, and it is likely to make you do more wrong.
If it is not enough, I still have some there.
6. Ten Common Psychological Problems of Pupils
In recent years, with the development of society and the deepening of education reform, students' mental health has received some attention, but little attention has been paid to primary school students' mental health.
A large number of facts show that primary school students also have many problems in mental health, which always affect the healthy growth of primary school students. In our daily life and study, many primary school students' psychological problems are latent and often easily overlooked. If our parents, educators and primary school students do not have enough ideological understanding and positive attitude, problems will often pile up, small problems will become big problems, light problems will become serious problems, and even adverse events will occur.
Therefore, as parents, educators and every primary school student, we must master some relevant knowledge, improve our sensitivity and ability to distinguish problems, find unhealthy psychology as soon as possible, take effective measures to educate and adjust, and avoid serious problems and adverse events. First, the common psychological problems of primary school students who skip classes and are tired of learning show that primary school students who are tired of learning account for 5%- 10% of the total.
These primary school students are mainly lack of interest in learning, which makes it difficult to learn, resulting in long-term failure to keep up with the progress, lack of courage and perseverance to catch up, and teachers' failure to give timely encouragement, which has dampened students' enthusiasm for learning. Therefore, they either look around in class and get distracted; Or secretly read animated books or play with toys below; Or doze off in class; Or simply play truant, truant, and play around.
There are also some top students because of their poor psychological endurance. Once others surpass themselves or fail to achieve their goals, they will easily feel tired of learning. Interpersonal communication as social people, everyone has the need to communicate with others. Through normal interpersonal communication, people can get correct and reasonable social knowledge and experience, at the same time, they can get intimate friends in life and study, and get support and help when they encounter difficulties.
If there is no normal communication, people's attachment can not be satisfied, and their inner anguish can not be vented and eliminated, which will affect children's normal interpersonal communication and psychological needs and be harmful to the mental health of primary school students. At present, most primary school students are only children, and most of them are adults at home. In this uncoordinated communication, children often live in "self-centered" "prosperity". Therefore, students are generally self-willed, stubborn and dependent.
When they enter a new group, their position in the group has changed, but they still communicate with others with themselves as the center, so they are often self-centered and unable to understand others. Will not overcome difficulties, do not want to overcome difficulties, lack of self-confidence, so that primary school students will not and will not interact with people normally. In contact with others, there are often too many fears and too many precautions, and the result is to close yourself.
Moreover, teachers' improper educational methods neglect the cultivation of students' interpersonal skills. During primary school, teachers are the ideal goals and fair representatives of students; They hope to get the teacher's care, understanding and love. If teachers can't give enthusiastic guidance and help, but accuse them, students will feel disappointed, feel depressed and have negative emotions, which will lead to the indifference between teachers and students.
This kind of communication, which ends in students' failure, will also be diluted in the communication between primary school students and others, which will aggravate the anxiety of interpersonal communication. Because of the characteristics of primary school students, they don't have the ability to live independently, and they can only live in the relationship and care of their parents and others for a long time, thus forming the psychology of excessive dependence of primary school students.
First of all, it shows excessive dependence on parents. Nowadays, most families are only children. Parents often regard their children as "little princesses" and "little princes", and often only pay attention to their food, clothing, housing and transportation, caring for them in every possible way and even doting on them.
Therefore, the child's self-reliance ability is poor. When they encounter some difficulties in their daily life or study, their parents are their first thoughts. They have a sense of self-reliance when they turn to their parents for help again and again.
However, with the repetition of this vicious circle, primary school students are like flowers in a greenhouse, unable to withstand the wind and rain, and their willpower is very weak. Some primary school students want their parents to dress them and eat when they reach the senior grade.
Secondly, it is characterized by self-inclination. This phenomenon is common among primary school students, which is harmful to their mental health.
Self-blame tendency means that when unpleasant things happen, you often think you are not good and you are afraid of what you do. The root of self-reproach tendency is anxiety about losing the love of others.
When students feel abandoned by their parents, teachers and friends, they tend to blame themselves. For example, parents and teachers are too strict and autocratic to their children, which hurts their self-esteem, and children do not feel the love from authoritative sources, resulting in self-blame; When the desire to love others is too strong, a little mistake will make primary school students feel that they are no longer loved. Such children often have strong dependence. Second, the countermeasures of common psychological problems of primary school students (1) The countermeasures of the school 1, psychological counseling should be adopted to provide students with comprehensive help (1) group counseling.
Group counseling provides students with comprehensive help by means of special lectures and special activities, mainly to shape the good atmosphere and good behavior of the class and stimulate the spirit of group progress. (2) Case education.
Case education for primary school students is a supplement and in-depth to the above psychological counseling. The object of the case should be typical, which can be students with excellent intelligence, model students and students with many problems. As the object of the case, students can let me know or not, mainly according to the needs of research.
Case education generally needs long-term follow-up research. A student contacts many teachers at school, so it is best to carry out case education in a cooperative way, with the person in charge as the main body and several teachers observing and studying the same object. Case education must be recorded in detail, such as observation notes and conversation record.
The record must be true and can also record the writer's feelings. Students' case materials should be properly kept. In principle, students' case studies are not open during their school days.
2. Teachers should correctly guide pupils' mental health awareness (1). Teachers should guide students to actively participate in collective activities and social contacts. Primary school students should learn both cultural knowledge and basic skills.
7. Little knowledge and common sense of mental health.
Mental health knowledge 1, know yourself, accept yourself and affirm yourself.
2. Be responsible for your own life. 3. Have great dreams and set clear life goals.
4. Learn self-control, overcome temptation and live in reality. 5. Learn to deal with anger, depression, melancholy and boredom.
6. Always encourage yourself to enhance your self-confidence. 7. Establish good interpersonal relationships.
8. Pay attention to exercise and show vitality. 9. Learn to think and develop a positive attitude towards learning and life.
10, purify the mind and pursue a peaceful state of mind. The improvement of interpersonal communication ability and self-regulation of interpersonal communication are inevitable and important behaviors in life.
People's psychological adaptation is mainly the adaptation to interpersonal relationships, so people's psychological diseases are mainly due to the imbalance of interpersonal relationships. 1, learn to cultivate an outlook on life that is conducive to his dedication.
2. Learn the psychological adjustment of role-playing; 3. Have a correct understanding of competition and cooperation; 4. Accept yourself and others. 5. Correctly handle the three emotions, three principles and three methods in interpersonal communication.
6. Eliminate bad psychology in interpersonal communication.
8. Primary school students' mental health knowledge
According to the mental health standards put forward by the World Mental Health Association, combined with the characteristics of primary school students' mental health development, we determine the mental health standards of primary school students as six aspects, namely, the level of intellectual development, emotional stability, learning adaptability, objectification of self-knowledge, social adaptability and behavior habits.
(1) Level of intellectual development: Although people with excellent intellectual development may not have a healthy mind, if the level of intellectual development is low, there is no mental health at all. Therefore, the intellectual development of a mentally healthy pupil should be normal.
On the other hand, if the intelligence level is low, it is not mental health. (2) Emotional stability: Pupils with mental health are generally in a good mood, and positive emotional states such as cheerful, optimistic, happy and satisfied are dominant, but at the same time they can produce reasonable emotional changes with the changes of things.
The so-called reasonable emotional change is a kind of reaction. When something happy happens, I feel happy, and when something unfortunate happens, I feel sad. In addition, you can control your emotions appropriately according to different occasions.
(3) Learning adaptability: A mentally healthy pupil usually likes to go to school and thinks learning is a pleasant thing and relaxed; Often have a strong interest in learning content, willing to overcome the difficulties encountered in learning; Learning efficiency is high. (4) objectification of self-cognition: mentally healthy pupils can smoothly change from egocentrism to egocentrism; We can connect ourselves with the objective reality, mainly look for reference points from the surrounding environment to evaluate ourselves, and begin to show objectivity in our understanding of ourselves.
(5) Social adaptability: mentally healthy pupils often have the ability to live independently. They can handle daily affairs by themselves, adapt to social life in different environments, be willing to associate with classmates and teachers, integrate into collective life, and consciously restrain themselves with social norms to make their behavior conform to the requirements of society, instead of being self-centered, isolating themselves and incompatible with the people around them. (6) Behavioral habits: Mentally healthy pupils generally have good behavioral habits, and react moderately to external behaviors without being overly sensitive or slow; They don't lose their temper because of trivial things, and they rarely act inexplicably, and their behavior conforms to their age characteristics.
9. Mental health tips
1, have a hobby that you love very much, but don't take it as a career. Whenever you are upset, your hobby can give you a little peace.
I have a job I love, and I will not lose interest in life when I get up in the morning to face the job.
3. Have a person you love and a person who loves yourself. Whether you are alone or not, you can be stronger with the person you love and weaker with the person you love.
4. There is a family close to you. You are the indispensable focus of this family. You may not be the pillar of this family, but you are a family, and you are full of responsibilities and expectations for this family.
5. Some friends will quarrel. If you scold him angrily, he will scold you, but after a few seconds, you will forget what happened before and continue to tell each other's little secrets.
This is what I think people who are healthy in all aspects will have.