The health status of the elderly in China is not optimistic. According to the health survey of the elderly in various places, the so-called healthy elderly without important organ diseases only account for 20 ~ 25%. The prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly is high, including hypertension, diabetes, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and arthritis. The national survey of medical services for the elderly in cities shows that the rate of two-week consultation for the elderly is 23.75%, which is much higher than that of other age groups 14.66%. The hospitalization rate of the elderly is 7.62%, which is much higher than 4.36% of other age groups.
1.3 the demand for nursing services from the aging population
The elderly are the main customers of home care. The main demand of home care for the elderly is to help them improve their daily living ability. Due to the influence of traditional old-age care mode, the limitation of economic conditions and the inherent geographical and kinship complex of the elderly, the present situation of the elderly who are unable or unwilling to enter the old-age care institutions but need care is not optimistic, which is manifested in three situations: first, spouse care; The second is child care; The third is the care of nannies and hourly workers. Most elderly people in our country are taken care of by their families, so the burden on their families is very heavy. Therefore, both the elderly themselves and caregivers urgently need the support and help of medical and community service institutions.
2 foreign elderly care insurance system and legal system
According to statistics, the elderly living alone rate in developed countries in Europe and Japan is as high as 40%, which forces the society to take measures to solve the nursing service problem of the elderly. According to different implementers, the elderly care insurance system can be divided into two categories: social insurance system and commercial insurance system. The former is enforced by the government, with Germany, Japan and other countries as typical representatives, while the latter is voluntarily established by commercial insurance companies, with the United States as typical representatives. From 65438 to 0986, Israel became the first country to introduce insurance technology and statutory insurance; German nursing insurance system is divided into home care and hospitalization care. According to the length of daily care, different levels of service cash payment standards are also different.