Article 1 Safety education for students during epidemic prevention and control.
1. Epidemic prevention safety: during the epidemic, educate children to avoid going out as much as possible, wear masks correctly when going out, and take protective measures. Pay attention to the changes of children's body temperature and do a good job of body temperature monitoring and reporting according to the requirements of the school. 2. Disinfection safety: Because of the epidemic situation, most families have stored alcohol, 84 disinfectant and other disinfection items. The storage location should avoid high temperature and it is strictly forbidden to contact with fire sources. Disinfect in strict accordance with the instructions to ensure the safety of disinfection.
3. Fire electricity safety: accompany children to learn some fire knowledge and conduct home fire safety investigation. Focus on "three customs and three customs";
? Qingyangtai
? Clear the passage
? Clean up flammable materials in the kitchen and battery cars parked in stairwells, evacuation passages and safety exits for charging.
? Pay attention to turning off the fire in home life
? switch an electrical device off
? Guanqiyuan
4. Food safety: educate children not to overeat, not to eat spoiled and expired food, and avoid food poisoning. Remember to remind children to wash their hands before and after meals.
5. Network security: In a special period, children spend more time online. Educate children not to browse unhealthy web pages and be obsessed with games except online learning.
6. Psychological safety: In the face of the current epidemic, educate children not to make rumors and not to be credulous. Use the authoritative information provided by the government to help children learn about the epidemic situation, treat the emergence and spread of the epidemic situation with a scientific and rational attitude, and help children build confidence in overcoming the epidemic situation.
7. Work and rest and sports safety: educate children about the rules of life and study, pay attention to keeping warm, exercise moderately, improve immunity and avoid sports injuries.
8. Anti-fraud safety: remind children to be alert to all forms of communication network fraud, refuse any form of door-to-door sales and telephone contact to promote disinfection items, and educate children not to open the door to strangers at will when they are alone at home.
9. Fall prevention: As the temperature rises, some families may open windows for ventilation. Parents should be reminded to educate their children not to climb the windowsill and not to play on the empty balcony and roof. At the same time, we should pay attention to children's psychological and emotional changes to prevent falls.
10. It is safe to go out without permission in case of drowning. Parents should strengthen the safety supervision of their children at home. After studying online, they must master their children's life track and know their children's going out. Always educate children not to swim in the water privately, not to swim with classmates privately, not to swim without parents' guidance, not to swim in waters without safety facilities and rescuers, not to swim in unfamiliar waters, not to swim, fish or fish in rivers, reservoirs and pits, not to let students who can't swim go into the water privately, and not to play in places without safety guarantee. To participate in swimming activities, you must be accompanied by a guardian if you want to swim in a safe and regular swimming pool. Make corresponding preparations before swimming to prevent drowning. It is necessary to educate children to call the police or call for help in time once they find someone drowning, and not to blindly go into the water to rescue them, so as not to cause more casualties.
1 1. Traffic safety. Parents should educate their children not to get rid of cycling when going out, not to take people by bike, not to ride "sick" cars, not to ride fast cars, not to ride in parallel with motor vehicles, not to ride in bad weather, and not to compete with motor vehicles for roads and lines. When crossing the road, you should abide by the traffic rules, so that "the green light is on and the red light stops". Don't cross the road or play on the road. Don't take illegal means of transportation such as "black cars". /kloc-Students under the age of 0/2 are not allowed to ride bicycles on the road.
Chapter II Student Safety Education in Epidemic Prevention and Control
First, disinfection and safety protection During the epidemic, many families disinfect their families every day. At present, chlorine-containing disinfectants are commonly used in life, such as the well-known 84 disinfectant, which can be bought in supermarkets and can be used to disinfect tableware, tables and chairs, bathroom sanitary ware and other items.
(1) Typical accident cases
1. In the emergency room of Dalian Children's Hospital, three children who took disinfectant as a drink by mistake were admitted in one day.
8-year-old child: mistook the bottle of 84 disinfectant stock solution for a baby bottle. Parents put the stock solution of 84 disinfectant, which looks like a vat of milk, in the bathroom. The 8-year-old child didn't pay attention, and even mistakenly thought it was milk.
10-year-old children: children like to drink empty beverage bottles with sodium hypochlorite disinfectant, and parents put sodium hypochlorite disinfectant in empty beverage bottles, but what they didn't notice was that this kind of beverage was children's favorite and was not marked, which led to children taking it by mistake.
3-year-old child: 75% alcohol is put in a beverage bottle. This is a child younger than the first two. Parents put 75% alcohol in a beverage bottle, which led a 3-year-old child to mistake it for a beverage.
2. On the morning of February 8, Xiao Zhang (pseudonym), a resident of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, disinfected the head, face, neck, limbs and clothes with high-power electric heating. Alcohol volatilizes when heated, which ignites clothes. Xiao Zhang suffered severe burns on his head, face, neck, limbs and respiratory tract.
(2) Safety precautions
Pay attention to the following points when using disinfectants at home:
1. Don't use beverage bottles instead of milk bottles to prevent children from mistaking them for drinks. If you use other bottles, be sure to mark "disinfectant". Parents should pay special attention if there are babies or children at home. Disinfectants must be placed in high places or locked cabinets.
2. Read the product description carefully before use, and operate in strict accordance with the concentration, dosage and disinfection time of disinfectant. Disinfectant should not be mixed with alcohol and toilet cleaning liquid containing hydrochloric acid. Toxic chloride or highly toxic chlorine may be generated after mixing, which is harmful to health; 75% alcohol can be effectively disinfected, but it is flammable and explosive, which is easy to cause fire. Be sure to pay attention to safety when using, stay away from the fire source and cut off the power supply.
3. Air disinfection should be carried out in an unmanned room. In order to ensure the disinfection effect, doors and windows should be closed during disinfection and family members should leave the room. After disinfection, the doors and windows should be opened for ventilation, and the family should not enter until the smell is exhausted.
(3) Emergency measures
1. By mistake: take 100-200ml milk or raw egg white immediately and go to the hospital immediately.
2. Inhalation: If you have difficulty breathing, go to the hospital immediately.
3. Eyes: After splashing into eyes, rinse with plenty of water immediately 15 minutes. If the symptoms of pain, photophobia and tears persist, go to a nearby hospital.
4. Skin contact: After contact with high concentration disinfectant, rinse thoroughly with clear water. If you still have pain or irritation, go to a nearby hospital.
Second, the electricity safety protection
Many parents find that after a long time at home, children can use many appliances by themselves. However, in addition to "surprise", parents should also consider that if children use electricity carelessly, it will be very dangerous and even cause serious harm.
(1) Typical accident cases
1.2 at 4: 47 am on June 10, a fire broke out in a high-rise household in Fengtai District, Beijing. Firefighters rescued 4 people trapped and evacuated 5 people. Fortunately, there were no casualties. Through on-site investigation, it is preliminarily determined that the cause of the fire is the explosion of the battery of the electric bicycle, which ignites the surrounding combustible materials.
2. 16 February, 12: 06, three people were trapped in the room and balcony on the third floor of a dormitory in Haicheng District, Beihai City, Guangxi. The cause of the fire was initially determined to be that the electrical circuit fault caused the surrounding combustibles to catch fire.
(2) Safety precautions
1. All kinds of household appliances have different uses and use different methods, some of which are more complicated. General household appliances should be studied and used under the guidance of parents, and dangerous appliances should not be used alone.
2. If the electrical appliance is found to smoke, spark or smell burnt during use, please immediately turn off the power switch and stop using it.
3. Electric appliances such as hair dryers, rice cookers, electric irons and electric heaters will emit high heat when in use. Pay attention to stay away from flammable items such as paper and cotton cloth to prevent fire; At the same time, pay attention to avoid burns when using.
4. Avoid using electrical appliances in humid environment (such as toilet), and don't let electrical appliances get wet, which will not only damage electrical appliances, but also cause electric shock.
5. The dehydration cylinder of the washing machine rotates at high speed when working, and cannot be touched by hands or other objects to prevent injury.
6. Electrical appliances are prone to moisture corrosion after being put on hold for a long time, so they need to be carefully checked before being reused.
7. When purchasing household appliances, you should choose qualified products with reliable quality.
(3) Knowledge of safe electricity use
Take this opportunity to teach children the knowledge of safe use of electricity so that they can learn to protect themselves and avoid accidents.
1. Teach children how to use electrical appliances.
Teach children to pay attention to safety and explain the dangers of tampering with electrical appliances. Don't tamper with electrical equipment without an adult present. But after the child is sensible (over 5 years old), he can be taught how to use some common electrical appliances and allowed to use them under the guidance of adults.
2. Teach children to read safety signs
Let the children know red: the message of prohibition and stop. When you meet the red sign, you shouldn't touch it. Yellow: It means attention to danger. Such as "beware of electric shock" and "pay attention to safety". Blue: indicates the instructions and regulations that must be observed. Green: indicates instructions, safety status and traffic.
3. Let children know what conducts electricity in life.
Let children know that all metal products are conductive, and never use these things to directly contact the power supply. For example, don't touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products). Let children know that water is also conductive. Electrical appliances should be careful not to get wet, do not touch electrical appliances with wet hands, and do not wipe electrical appliances with wet cloth. Wet hands can't connect the plug, which is easy to get an electric shock.
4. Educate children to stay away from falling wires.
Teach children to stay away from falling wires, stay away from them, and don't touch them with your hands. Teach children that the simplest thing, even installing light bulbs, should not be done by themselves, but should be solved by adults.
5. Teach children to learn the common sense of electric shock first aid.
When the child is sensible, let him know the function and position of the main power switch and learn to turn off the main power in an emergency. Let the children know that someone has been electrocuted, and try to turn off the power in time. You can't save people directly with your hands. Call an adult for help, don't handle it yourself to prevent electric shock.
Third, fire safety protection
(1) Typical fire case
1.At 23: 051on February 4th, two three-story houses in Lizhuang Station, Fengxiang Village, Qian Hu District, Longgang City, Wenzhou collapsed, and 10 people were trapped at the scene. After all-out search and rescue, 8 people (including critical 1 person) were rescued at 4 am on the 5th, and 2 bodies were found in the on-site search and rescue. According to preliminary judgment, the accidental collapse of the house was caused by gas explosion.
2. A fire broke out in a building in Ankang, Shaanxi 16 at about 9: 40 on February/2. Fortunately, after the intense fire fighting by firefighters, there were no casualties. It is reported that the fire was probably caused by Xiong Haizi playing with fire at home.
A fire broke out suddenly at home. The 6-year-old baby saved himself with a phone call! On February 24th 19: 20, a family in Chaoshun Apartment, Changshun County, Guizhou Province caught fire. There was only a 6-year-old girl at home. Fortunately, the little girl knew how to call the emergency number and dialed 1 19 at the first time. According to the advice of the fireman's uncle, she opened the door with her mobile phone, ran outside the house and called her parents again. In the end, the fire was put out at the first time and did not spread further.
(2) Fire safety knowledge
1. Parents should try not to smoke at home, and students should also discourage parents from smoking. Smokers must not smoke in bed after drinking and before going to bed;
2. Turn off the power switch and the main valve of gas and liquefied gas before going out and going to bed;
3. Use high-power household appliances and microwave ovens, electric heaters, air conditioners, electric irons, etc. Staggered time to prevent wire overload;
4. Don't play with fire and stay away from electrical equipment when using alcohol;
5. Don't burn waste paper at home;
6. Be extra careful when using electric shower and electric mattress, and install leakage protector;
7. When using electric irons, electric cups, hair dryers and other appliances, the power supply must be cut off before leaving;
8. Don't use high-power light bulbs to warm or bake clothes;
9. Never use naked flame (matches, candles, etc.). ) to find gas leakage. If you smell gas or liquefaction at night, open the doors and windows for ventilation before turning on the lights;
10. When the weather gets hot and there are mosquitoes, don't stick the lighted mosquito-repellent incense on the bed edge and curtains.
(3) Fire self-rescue measures
1. If a fire is found, the most important thing is to call the police, so as to put out the fire in time, control the fire and reduce the losses caused by the fire. The telephone number of the fire alarm is 1 19. Remember this number. You can't call the fire alarm at will. It is illegal to lie about the fire alarm, which disturbs public order. When there is no telephone, you should shout loudly or take other measures to attract the attention of neighbors and pedestrians, and assist in fire fighting or alarm.
When a fire breaks out, you should escape quickly and don't covet property.
3. Parents should teach their children the basic methods of fire escape and be familiar with several escape routes.
4. When crossing an open flame, wear soaked clothes, bedding, etc. Rush out in the direction of the safety exit.
5. When escaping from the thick smoke, try to keep your body close to the ground and cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel.
6. If you are on fire, don't run. You can roll on the spot or crush the flame with heavy clothes.
7. Don't take the elevator in case of fire, and escape in the direction of the safety exit.
8. Never catch fire outside. Open the door when it is very hot to prevent fire from entering the room. Use soaked bedding, clothes, etc. To block the doors and windows, to splash water to cool down.
9. If all escape routes are blocked by fire, you should immediately return to the room and send a distress signal to the window by flashlight, waving clothes, making a phone call, etc. And wait for rescue.
10. Never jump off a building blindly. You can use evacuation stairs, balconies, drainage pipes, etc. In order to escape, or tear sheets and quilts into strips and connect them into ropes, tie them to fixed objects such as window frames and iron railings, slide down the ropes, or go down to the floor where there is no fire to escape from danger.
Fourth, fall safety protection
With the improvement of epidemic prevention and control situation, all localities continue to resume work. Some parents are too busy to look after their children, so they have no choice but to leave their children alone at home. But now every household lives in a building, which is prone to accidents such as children falling from the building.
(1) Typical accident cases
1.2 February 1 1 At about 2 pm, a 4-year-old boy unfortunately fell from the window (platform) on the 22nd floor of a residential area in the west section of the first ring road in Xiayi County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province. There is no protective window on the incident floor. When the boy fell, his parents were helping another child with his homework at home.
2. On the morning of February 27th, a child of about 10 years old fell from the 6th floor of his home and was taken to the hospital for emergency treatment. When the child was taken to the hospital, the situation was already critical. After the doctor's full rescue, it failed to recover.
3. On the morning of February 28th, a child fell from his balcony on the 7th floor to the platform on the 4th floor in Huitengyuan Community, Xiangshan, Xiling 2nd Road, Yichang City, and was taken to the hospital for emergency treatment. Unfortunately, the rescue was ineffective and he died unfortunately.
(B) falling safety knowledge, to prevent parents from paying attention to falling.
1. Tell children that the flight scenes in cartoons are fake and cannot be imitated.
Don't lean against the window or balcony with your child in your arms, say hello to friends and relatives downstairs.
3. Install a safety lock on the glass window or screen window.
4. Make sure there is nothing for children to climb near the window.
No matter whether the child is awake or asleep, don't lock him in the house alone.
(3) How to teach children to prevent falling accidents
1. You can do a falling experiment with eggs and children. A one-person-high window, parents or teachers, throw eggs out of the window and tell children with broken eggs that the consequences of falling from a height are very serious.
2. In addition, you can set different scenes to ask questions: it's raining, the window doesn't matter, and mom is not at home. Can the baby turn it off by itself? The toy fell out of the window. Can the baby stick his head out to find it? Every question and game session, children are rewarded for answering correctly, which strengthens the impression.
(4) Matters needing attention in home improvement hardware facilities
1. Non-escape windows and balconies should be equipped with anti-theft nets. If it is for beauty, you can install an invisible protective net;
2. The height from the balcony climbing surface to the upper edge is greater than 1 10 cm, and the interval is less than10 cm;
3. The railing design is not horizontal, so as not to mislead children to climb;
4. Don't pile up sundries or put chairs on the balcony floor to prevent children from climbing and falling;
5. The balcony fence should be inspected and maintained regularly to avoid obsolescence and looseness;
6. Climbable objects or furniture (sofa, stool, bed, low cabinet, etc.). ) Avoid being near the window sill.
(5) How to give first aid after falling from a height?
Article 3 Students' safety education in the process of epidemic prevention and control
Network Security Protection Under the policy of "stopping classes without stopping studying", students' online time has greatly increased.
(A) Matters needing attention in online courses
1. During the epidemic, parents are advised to choose tools with large screens as much as possible. According to the actual situation at home, TV is better than computer, computer is better than tablet, and tablet is better than mobile phone, which can better protect children's eye health.
2. During the epidemic, it is recommended that friends who have projectors at home use projectors to give online classes to their children. It is not recommended to let children take online classes with mobile phones. It is necessary to use the screen projection function of mobile phone to project online classes on TV, which can better ensure the learning effect of children's online classes.
3. Friends who use computers to give online classes to their children during the epidemic should ensure that their eyes are at least 40 cm away from the computer. During the epidemic, friends who use TV to give online lessons to their children should ensure that the distance between their eyes and the TV is more than three times the diagonal of the TV screen. Can better protect children's eye health.
4. During the epidemic, when children surf the Internet, parents are advised to adjust the light according to the actual situation at home to avoid letting children use their eyes for a long time in the dark or strong light. Too dark and strong light can easily make children's eyes tired, which can better protect children's eye health.
During the epidemic, parents are not advised to let their children watch TV or use electronic products after class. It is necessary to reasonably stipulate the time for children to use their eyes, which can better protect their eye health.
6. During the epidemic, children should also develop the habit of doing eye exercises at home, or look through the glass to help their eyes relax and relieve visual fatigue.
Standardize children's use of the Internet.
1. Educate children to strictly abide by online laws and regulations and resolutely resist bad information that deviates from social morality and the excellent traditional virtues of the Chinese nation. Chatting stresses civilization, does not insult and deceive others, does not browse unhealthy websites, does not participate in online gambling, does not publish unhealthy words and pictures, does not provide unhealthy content search, does not spread rumors, does not spread the light of civilization in the virtual world, and correctly transmits positive energy knowledge such as epidemic prevention information.
2. Educate children not to indulge in online games, and not to run games with murder and pornography. Online games can enrich our lives, but we are easily addicted to them. We are middle school students, learning is our primary task, and games are always the ornament of our spare time.
3. Educate children to enhance their awareness of self-protection, don't reveal personal and family secrets, don't date netizens at will, don't write letters to strangers online, don't easily meet online "friends", don't give bad guys an opportunity to prevent online and telephone fraud.
Mental health protection
(A) concern about abnormal behavior
The news, network and video news about viruses, epidemics and deaths are overwhelming, which suddenly makes these inexperienced children feel great uncertainty and fear. In this case, their anxiety and fear may be manifested through abnormal behavior. For example:
1. I often wake up at night, cry, and fear some inexplicable things;
2. Always ask: "Mom, Dad, don't leave me!" Severe separation anxiety;
They are cautious and eat less. Or, suddenly become very timid, usually like to play with toys or games are not willing to participate;
4. It is also possible to wet the bed, repeatedly suck your fingers and bite your nails.
(2) Parents' coping measures
1. Let children not be afraid, and adults must control their emotions. Were you overly nervous during the epidemic? Only when you are calm can children get more relaxing information from you. At the same time, let children express their fears and listen patiently and accompany them when they are afraid. Instead of trying to persuade them not to be afraid, it will have the opposite effect.
2. Pass the information about the epidemic to children in the right way, instead of just letting them watch the news or listen to adults say: Where is the situation more serious? The way to popularize children's knowledge is to reduce their chances of direct contact with news and tell them relevant children's stories or picture books. It is the most acceptable way for children to tell their children the knowledge of anti-virus and the current epidemic situation in a metaphorical way through their favorite story protagonists.
3. During the epidemic, arrange rich parent-child activities to relax. Play with toys, read picture books, sing songs, and answer dragons with words. And you can also take your children to do housework and hygiene together. Let children's life be occupied by interesting games and activities, which is very beneficial to distract children's attention, so as to experience the fun of present life and naturally relax.
Other safety protection
Scalding safety
Accidentally knocked over the hot kettle, hot soup, or burned by the stove when heating. To treat burns, the temperature should be lowered first, and the injured part can be washed repeatedly with running water.
If the weather is cold and the clothes you wear are thick, don't take off your clothes directly, otherwise it will easily tear the scalded part and cause secondary injuries. So take off your clothes when you wash them with cold water, and then take off your clothes when the temperature drops. Scald or burn damages superficial skin, which is easy to be infected at this time, so keep the injured part clean during the whole nursing process.
If you have scald medicine or burn cream at home, you can apply it gently. If you don't directly bandage the wound with a clean soft cloth, go to the hospital immediately.
(2) Prevention of pet bites
Once a child is caught or bitten by a pet, he must go to the relevant department to get rabies vaccine immediately. If the injured area is not large, you can do some pretreatment before seeing a doctor and wash the wound repeatedly with soapy water or clear water for more than 20 minutes. If the injured area is relatively large, it can't be cleaned for too long, because there may be a large area of sustained blood loss.
(3) Food safety
All food should be fully cooked before eating, and meat and vegetables should be properly matched. If you don't eat wild animals, you should give priority to a light and digestible diet rather than greasy fish and meat.
Daily nutrition should be balanced, ensure adequate nutrition, and properly eat high-protein foods, fresh and clean fruits and vegetables. Raw vegetables, fruits, pears, peaches, etc. must be peeled and scalded with boiling water for 3-5 minutes before eating.
Urge children to drink more water and urinate more, try not to drink cold water, drink warm water, speed up body metabolism and increase the intake of dairy products (milk, yogurt).
Remember to remind children to wash their hands before and after meals.
(4) Anti-fraud security
Remind children to be wary of all forms of communication network fraud, refuse any form of door-to-door sales and telephone contact to promote disinfection items, and educate children not to open the door to strangers at will when they are alone at home.
The epidemic is temporary, and the safety and health of children is our eternal wish. Let's join hands to help children master the knowledge of daily home safety, look at the surrounding environment from a safe perspective, escort the students' life safety and health, spend this special period safely with the children, grow together, and contribute to the early victory over the epidemic!