1, what is AIDS?
The full medical name of AIDS is "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome" (AIDS for short), which is a serious infectious disease caused by HIV. After HIV invades the human body, it destroys the immune function of the human body, causes various incurable infections and tumors, and eventually leads to death.
AIDS was prevalent in 1970s, but it didn't appear until 1980s. In July, the United States reported the first case of AIDS. The patient had cosmetic surgery in the hospital and the purple sarcoma on his face was removed. The operation went smoothly, but three months after the operation, the patient was extremely weak and died in extreme emaciation and pain. At this time, his two same-sex partners also suffered from the same purple sarcoma, which gradually weakened and caused various infections, and finally died of exhaustion and emaciation. This is the earliest discovery of AIDS patients, which makes all mankind panic.
From the first discovery of AIDS patients to the isolation of pathogens, it took scientists more than three years to change their names several times. Because the virus infects human immune cells, the virus that causes AIDS is named "human immunodeficiency virus" and abbreviated as "HIV" in English.
The average incubation period of HIV in human body is 12 to 13 years. Before they developed into AIDS patients, they looked normal. They can live and work for many years without any symptoms, and then they can spread the virus to others. At present, there is no effective cure for AIDS, and a large number of patients still die of AIDS every year. The treatment of AIDS remains a worldwide problem.
The rapid epidemic, wide spread and fierce harm of AIDS in China and the world make people Zhi Xin. Experts said: "AIDS is spreading faster than human efforts to deal with it." It is everywhere and has really become a worldwide disease. Therefore, it is urgent to strengthen the fight against AIDS. "
Some AIDS patients have no clinical symptoms at the initial stage of HIV infection, but most of them can have clinical symptoms caused by HIV viremia and acute injury of immune system from 6 days to 6 weeks after HIV infection. So what are the initial symptoms of AIDS? Let's take a look together.
2. What are the initial symptoms of AIDS?
1, persistent extensive lymphadenopathy, especially cervical, axillary and inguinal lymph nodes. The diameter of lymph node enlargement is about 1 cm, which is hard, painless and movable for more than three months.
2. Unexplained fever and night sweats last for several weeks.
I experienced a few weeks of unexplained severe fatigue.
4, loss of appetite, weight loss more than 10% of the original weight within two months.
5. Unexplained chronic diarrhea and watery stools occurred for several weeks, more than once a day 10.
6. Shortness of breath and dry cough last for several weeks.
7. Flat or raised pink-purple spots appear on the skin and mouth, which is neither painful nor itchy.
8. White membrane appears in the throat. Scales and itching appear in the private parts of men and women; Female anal pruritus, pruritus in female private parts, leucorrhea treated as gynecological diseases for a long time.
9, headache, blurred vision can not find other reasons.
When there are more than three symptoms and high-risk behaviors, you should go to the hospital for examination in time.
3. The spread of AIDS
1, HIV infection exists.
Before HIV infection and transmission, there must be a source of HIV infection. Some people worry and suspect that as long as they have certain behaviors, such as sexual behavior, they will get AIDS, even if there is no HIV. This view is wrong.
2. A sufficient number of viruses are excreted from the infected person.
Only when the number of HIV reaches a certain level will it lead to infection. For example, there are many viruses in the blood, semen and milk of infected people. As long as a small amount is enough to infect others, the risk of contact with these body fluids is relatively high. However, saliva, tears and urine contain almost no virus, so daily contact will not spread HIV.
3. HIV must enter the blood of infected people.
It is not enough to get infected with HIV only through contact with virus-carrying body fluids. Healthy and undamaged skin can prevent HIV from entering the body and effectively prevent HW infection. HIV can enter the body through wounds or ulcers, or through mucous membranes of anus, rectum, reproductive tract, mouth and eyes.