First of all, the questions raised
(A) to develop healthy eating behavior is of great significance to children.
Psychological research shows that 3-6 years old is an extremely important period for the formation of a person's behavior.
Among them, the cultivation of children's healthy eating behavior will benefit children's life-long development. Studies have shown that healthy eating behavior can not only provide various nutrients for the normal development of children's bodies, but also the eating behavior formed in early childhood is relatively stable, and it is difficult to change even in adulthood, which will affect a person's genes and blood concentration.
In addition, eating behavior will also affect the healthy growth of children's psychology. Brown, an American scholar, studied the relationship between children's eating behavior and the formation of children's personality, and found that bad eating behaviors such as picky eaters and partial eaters will affect the formation of children's good personality. Partial eaters and partial eaters are absolute behaviors, and to some extent, people who are partial eaters and picky eaters are more likely to form absolute and extreme personalities.
He suggested that children should be allowed to accept all kinds of food as much as possible, which will help them develop a tolerant and tolerant character.
Japanese research shows that children who are picky eaters and have insufficient intake of various nutrients for a long time will be too introverted.
From the perspective of ecosystem theory, Brown believes that children's eating behavior is not only related to their own development, but also has a certain impact on family and society. Studies by Blissette, Meyer and Haycraft show that children's bad eating behavior can also bring psychological pressure to parents.
In a family, children's healthy eating behavior will reduce the pressure of parents on their children's diet, which is conducive to the formation of a harmonious parent-child relationship in the family and promote harmony and stability within the family. Nicholas and Heinz's research shows that unhealthy children's eating behavior is significantly related to the occurrence of obesity, emaciation, rickets, anorexia and other related diseases in children [5].
If children have healthy eating behavior, the burden of social treatment for these diseases will also be reduced. Therefore, helping children to develop healthy eating behavior is of great value to their own healthy development, family harmony and stability, and reducing social burden.
(2) Parental rearing patterns have an important influence on the development of children's healthy eating behavior.
The importance of family influence on children is self-evident. Parents' words and deeds, standard requirements, parenting styles and other factors will inevitably affect the development of children's eating behavior. As the main caregivers of children, parents have great influence on the development of children's healthy eating behavior. Moreover, related research shows that the younger a child is, the greater the influence of parents on his eating behavior.
Therefore, parenting style is a key issue in our research. Studies have found that many families acquiesce in children's picky eaters because they love their children, or force their children to eat because they are too strict. In real life, the author has also observed that some parents take the initiative to feed their children or urge them to eat when they are eating, and often ask them if they want to eat certain foods. These bad parenting styles have a bad influence on the development of children's healthy eating behavior.
Therefore, this study selects the important factor of parental rearing patterns in the family, discusses the influence of parental rearing patterns on children's eating behavior of 3-6 years old, finds out the unreasonable factors in parental rearing patterns, and puts forward some suggestions and countermeasures to promote the development of children's healthy eating behavior.
Second, the concept definition
(A) Children's dietary behavior
Children's dietary behavior: domestic and foreign researchers have not given a unified definition of the connotation of dietary behavior.
Diet: Modern Chinese-English Dictionary defines "diet" as "food and drink". Behavior: The definition of "behavior" in Psychological Dictionary is: "Behavior refers to a person's explicit activities under the dual influence of subjective and objective factors.
Ma Guansheng's definition of eating behavior is: "Eating behavior refers to a person's eating activities under the influence of food and health concepts, including the choice and purchase of food, the category of eating a certain food, and the definition of eating behavior by Jin Xingming (20 10) includes eating behavior, eating behavior, subjective choice of food and eating situation. Guo Huici's summary of dietary behavior (2006) is a person's practice of selecting, distributing, processing and eating food, a process of continuous accumulation and an automatic behavior formed after many studies.
Children's dietary behavior: This study defines children's dietary behavior as all behaviors of children aged 3-6 from the beginning to the end of meals. Specifically, it includes children's picky eaters (reflecting children's refusal of certain foods because of their taste, appearance and texture), food reactions (reflecting children's preferences for different foods), bad eating habits (reflecting children's bad eating habits such as playing, watching TV and eating for a long time), satiety reactions (reflecting children's food intake), exogenous eating (reflecting the influence of changes in tableware, environment and eating habits on children's eating behavior) and emotions.
(B) Children's healthy eating behavior
Children's healthy eating behavior: Jiang Lin's definition of children's healthy eating behavior is an explicit behavior or behavior orientation adopted by children to absorb various nutrients in a balanced and scientific way, maintain normal life activities and promote the healthy development of body and mind.
This paper will study and define children's healthy eating behavior from seven dimensions: children can be picky eaters; Children can choose whether to eat or not and how much to eat according to their physical needs when they see their favorite food; The child has no bad eating habits; Children's food intake meets their own physiological needs; Children's eating is not affected by external factors; Children's emotional changes will not affect their eating behavior; Children can take the initiative to eat and eat independently.
(3) Parental rearing patterns
Scholars at home and abroad have no unified definition of parental rearing patterns, which are mostly manifested in family rearing patterns, parental rearing patterns and parental rearing patterns.
Different scholars have different understandings of parental rearing patterns. Lin Lei's understanding of parents' parenting style is a stable behavior tendency shown by parents in their daily education and raising children.
Li defines parenting style as a stable behavior tendency of parents in the process of raising their children in order to achieve certain parenting purposes and form a certain parenting atmosphere.
Nancy Steinberg (1993) and others believe that parental rearing patterns are a series of attitude patterns formed by parents in their daily communication with their children, which together form a certain emotional atmosphere.
To sum up, the connotation of parenting style mostly includes the following contents: 1 Parenting style is an explicit behavior of parents in the process of communicating with their children. 2. This explicit behavior reflects parents' attitude and emotion towards their children, and also reflects parents' understanding of their children's education, which is a comprehensive reflection of emotion and understanding. 3. The parenting style is relatively stable. Parents' feelings for children, their understanding of educating children and their understanding of children will be influenced by their own cultural literacy and social and cultural requirements. Although parents will improve their parenting styles by accumulating experience or learning, the types of parenting styles are fixed to a certain extent or for a certain period of time.
According to the understanding of the above-mentioned parenting style, this paper holds that parenting style is a relatively stable behavior tendency formed in the process of communication and interaction with young children on the basis of parents' understanding of early childhood education and attitude towards young children.
Third, the purpose and content of the study
The purpose of the study
The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of parental rearing patterns on the dietary behavior of children aged 3-6 in family environment, and to make suggestions. The main purpose of this study is: firstly, analyze the specific effects of five different types of parental rearing patterns on children's eating behavior through data. The second is to find out the problems existing in parental rearing patterns and analyze the causes of the problems. The third is to put forward targeted suggestions and countermeasures to help parents cultivate their children's healthy eating behavior.
(2) Research content
1. To investigate and analyze the parental rearing patterns of children aged 3-6.
2. Investigate and analyze the dietary behavior of children aged 3-6.
3. Discuss the influence of different parenting styles on children's eating behavior and the reasons.
4. Explore ways to cultivate children's healthy eating behavior.
Fourth, the research significance
(A) theoretical significance
Family is an important part of children's micro-system, and parents' parenting style will inevitably affect children's eating behavior. Most of the previous studies theoretically analyzed the influence of parental rearing patterns on children's eating behavior, and put forward relevant suggestions. The research is more general and the suggestions are more general. This study hopes to explore the influence of parental rearing patterns on children's eating behavior through data analysis and quantitative research methods, and provide data support and theoretical support for future research.
(2) Practical significance
In real life, problems about children's eating behavior are very common. For example, because parents love their children, they often inadvertently condone their children's bad behaviors such as picky eaters and partial eclipse. Or when children have bad eating behavior, parents don't know how to take reasonable parenting methods to deal with it. This study hopes to provide suggestions for parents on how to choose appropriate parenting methods to cultivate and improve children's eating behavior through specific data analysis, so as to promote the development of children's healthy eating behavior.
A summary of related research on verbs (abbreviation of verb) at home and abroad
(A) the relationship between parental rearing patterns and children's behavior development.
Huichang Chen et al. designed a follow-up experiment and studied 173 2-year-old children for 2 years. The results show that the problem behaviors of children aged 2-4 years are related to their parents' rearing patterns, including explicit problem behaviors and implicit problem behaviors.
Lv Qin and others have found that parents' ideas, attitudes and behaviors in parenting affect the formation and development of children's problem behaviors. Parents' parenting concept determines their parenting style and behavior, which is an important reason for children's problem behavior directly.
Huang Jing studied the relationship between children's social withdrawal behavior and parental rearing patterns. The results show that:
Positive factors in parental rearing patterns have a negative predictive effect on children's social withdrawal behavior, while negative factors in parental rearing patterns have a positive predictive effect on children's social withdrawal behavior.
Xing Leiyan's research found that different types of parental rearing patterns may lead to different types of children's aggressive behavior. If the parenting style is democratic, the level of children's active aggression will be lower than that of inconsistent and doting parenting style.
At present, the research is not limited to the one-way effect of parents on their children, that is, a "one-way socialization model", which emphasizes that parents' behavior is a process of stimulating children's emotions or behaviors, but begins to pay attention to the influence of children's characteristics on the formation of parents' parenting styles. Chen et al. studied the "parental factors affecting children's inhibitory behavior" and found that although parents show concern for children with inhibitory behavior, they often use punishment; For unruly children, parents often encourage them, so the temperament characteristics of the children themselves are also an important factor affecting the parenting style.
Mckinnon (1992) and others believe that unreasonable parents have taken the following two incorrect actions.