In fact, it is difficult to have a unified and simple standard for normal psychology and abnormal psychology. The difference between normal psychology and abnormal psychology is often relative, and there is no obvious boundary between them. In some cases, there may be essential differences between them, but in more cases, they may only be differences in degree, and even the two sides can transform each other under certain conditions.
People's normal psychology means that people's psychological development is consistent with the development of social life, and it is a relative state of elastic expansion. The criteria for distinguishing mental health are: (1) normal intelligence; (2) Emotional stability; (3) interpersonal harmony; (4) reasonable behavior; (5) Perfect personality; (6) adapt to the environment.
Abnormal psychology is also called? Abnormal psychology? Refers to the psychology and behavior that deviate from normal people's psychological activities. The performance of abnormal psychology is influenced by many factors, such as biological factors, psychological state, and bad social environment. Different angles and different standards.
The commonly used standards are: (1) experience standard: refers to the client's judgment of whether other people's psychological activities are normal by virtue of his own clinical experience and people's daily experience of psychological obstacles, or by the chief complaint of the consultant. Subjectivity is great, and it needs a doctor with rich clinical experience to judge.
(2) Statistical standard: This standard comes from the psychological measurement of various psychological characteristics of people. Under normal circumstances, the measurement results are normally distributed, and the number of people who are within the range of plus or minus two standard deviations of the average value accounts for about 95% of the total number. We define this group of people as normal, and regard the two ends far from the average as abnormal. It quantifies psychological characteristics, is more objective and has certain practical value.
(3) Social adaptation standard: based on social norms, it measures whether people's psychological activities adapt to the bad living environment of society, and observes whether it is normal from the aspects of individuals' attitudes towards society, collectives, interpersonal relationships, people and themselves, and habitual behaviors. Those who adapt are normal, and those who don't adapt are abnormal. This standard is very effective in practice.
(4) Medical standard: also called symptom and etiology standard. According to the causes and symptoms, the biological causes of abnormal psychological symptoms can be found through medical examination, so as to judge whether psychological activities are normal or not. Is psychopathy treated as a physical disease, and various tests are carried out to find brain lesions? Objective basis? So as to judge the existence of psychological abnormality. Psychological abnormality caused by common organic diseases. ;