2. Key development areas. It is necessary to enrich infrastructure, improve investment and entrepreneurship environment, promote the development of industrial clusters, expand economic scale, accelerate industrialization and urbanization, undertake industrial transfer in optimized development areas, and undertake population transfer in restricted development areas and prohibited development areas, which will gradually become an important carrier to support national economic development and population agglomeration.
3. Restrict the development area. Restricted development zone refers to a region with weak carrying capacity of resources and environment, poor large-scale agglomeration economy and population conditions, which is related to the ecological security of the whole country or a larger region. It is necessary to adhere to the priority of protection, moderate development and point-by-point development, develop characteristic industries that can be carried by resources and environment according to local conditions, strengthen ecological restoration and environmental protection, guide the overloaded population to gradually and orderly transfer, and gradually become an important ecological function area of the country or region.
4. No development zone. Prohibited development zones refer to all kinds of nature reserves established according to law. Compulsory protection should be implemented according to laws, regulations and relevant plans, and the interference of human factors on natural ecology should be controlled. Development activities that do not conform to the main functional orientation are strictly prohibited. (2) Provisions on partially restricting the functional orientation and development direction of development zones in the 11th Five-Year Plan; The 11th Five-Year Plan of China defines the functional orientation and development direction of some restricted development zones (column 8 of the 11th Five-Year Plan), including three: 1, Qinba Biodiversity Functional Zone-moderately developing hydropower, reducing forest harvesting and protecting wild species. 2. Mu Us Desert Control Area-Restoring natural vegetation, preventing sand dunes from activating and expanding desert area. 3. Soil and water loss prevention and control areas in hilly and gully areas of the Loess Plateau-control the development intensity, comprehensively control soil and water loss in small watersheds, and build warping dams. This provides an important reference for Shaanxi to determine the main functional areas.
(C) the development orientation of Shaanxi's main functional areas
The third item of Chapter 10 of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of Shaanxi Province initially determines the main functional areas and their development orientation:
1, Xi Andu city. To optimize the development zones in this region, we should strive to improve the quality and efficiency of growth, raise the level of industrial technology, enhance the level of participation in national and international division of labor and competition, optimize and adjust the layout structure, enhance the overall function of the region, and better play a leading role in the development of the province.
2. Guanzhong area, kerosene gas and salt-rich areas in northern Shaanxi and coastal areas of Hanjiang River and Danjiang River in southern Shaanxi. This area is a key development zone, so it is necessary to strengthen the construction of infrastructure and industrial supporting capacity, accelerate the concentration of capital, technology, industry and population, accelerate the pace of industrialization and urbanization, and create a key area to support the economic development of the whole province.
In this location, Guanzhong and the areas along the Hanjiang River and Danjiang River in southern Shaanxi have relatively strong carrying capacity of resources and environment, and good economic and population agglomeration conditions, which meet the basic conditions of key development areas. However, the outstanding problem is that the kerosene gas and salt-rich areas in northern Shaanxi are extremely fragile from the ecological environment. The large-scale development of energy and heavy chemical industry has caused great impact, interference and destruction to the ecological environment. As a key development zone, the further development will inevitably face the contradiction of insufficient environmental carrying capacity, and it is necessary to develop moderately under the condition of fully estimating the environmental carrying capacity, especially to improve the scientific and technological content, develop supporting industries and strengthen environmental restoration.
3. The water source protection areas of "South-to-North Water Transfer Project" are in the high mountain areas of Qin and Bazhong and the middle and low mountain areas of the upper reaches of northern Shaanxi. For the restricted development zones in this region, we should implement the policy of giving priority to protection and moderately developing, strengthen the improvement of ecological environment, develop characteristic industries according to local conditions according to the carrying capacity of resources and environment, actively implement ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation, guide the voluntary, stable and orderly migration of population, ease the tension between man and nature, and gradually build an important ecological function zone in the country.
4. The core area, buffer area and ecological extremely sensitive area of national and provincial nature reserves in our province. This area is a forbidden development zone, which should be effectively protected according to laws, regulations and relevant plans, and development and construction activities that do not meet the regional functional orientation are prohibited.
Second, the adjustment of the industrial structure of Shaanxi's main functional areas
(1) Optimize and adjust the industrial structure of the Development Zone
Andu urban area should be an Andu urban area after the economic integration of An and Xi 'an. The main industries are high-tech industry, aerospace industry, electronic machinery industry, machinery manufacturing industry, commerce and tourism service industry. With the high density of land development, the carrying capacity of resources and environment began to weaken.
Tasks: First, change the economic growth mode that consumes a lot of resources and emits a lot of pollution, transform traditional industries with modern science and technology, improve the level of industrial technology and improve the quality and efficiency of industrial growth. At the same time, eliminate industries and enterprises with high consumption and high pollution.
Second, it is necessary to change the way of relying on a large number of occupied land to develop industries, optimize and adjust the layout structure, strengthen the construction of industrial parks, promote industrial agglomeration, enhance the scale and radiation-driven function of leading industries, and at the same time enhance the level of participation in national and international division of labor and competition, so as to better play a leading role in the development of the province.
(2) adjustment of industrial structure in key development zones
Guanzhong area is the political, economic and cultural center of the province, with a solid industrial and commercial foundation, accounting for only 27% of the province's area. In 2005, the population accounted for 62.3% of the province's total economic output, accounting for 68.5%, and gathered about 80% of the province's scientific and technological strength; Northern Shaanxi concentrates about 80% of the province's coal, oil and natural gas resources. In recent years, with the rapid economic development of the national energy and heavy chemical industry base, the average annual GDP growth rate of northern Shaanxi reached 15.6% during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, making it the fastest growing area among the three regions. During the "third-line construction" period in southern Shaanxi, several national defense science and technology industries and iron and steel industries were basically concentrated in the areas along the Danjiang River in the Han River, with dense population and concentrated economy. These three areas should be the key areas of development.
However, from the two conditions of strong carrying capacity of resources and environment and good economic and population agglomeration conditions, Guanzhong area is more in line with the requirements. Guanzhong area is the granary of Shaanxi, with agriculture as the main body, and it is also the key development area of science and technology industry, equipment manufacturing industry and tourism service industry. First, we should strengthen the construction of infrastructure and industrial supporting capacity, improve the environment for investment and entrepreneurship, promote the development of industrial clusters and expand the scale of the economy; Second, actively develop the agricultural product processing industry, extend the industrial chain, increase the added value, and effectively increase agricultural income; Third, we should accelerate the pace of urbanization, accelerate the gathering of capital, technology, industry and population, undertake industrial transfer in optimized development areas, undertake population transfer in restricted development areas and prohibited development areas, and build key areas to support the economic development of the province.
Northern Shaanxi is an energy and chemical industry with coal, oil, natural gas and rock salt as the main resources, and it is the core area and new economic growth point of Shaanxi's rapid economic development. The development in this respect is to actively develop industries that are suitable for resource processing, production and life, improve the processing degree, improve the industrial chain, and increase the employment and income of ordinary people; Second, it is necessary to gather population through urbanization and concentrate residents living in remote areas in ecologically fragile areas to cities and towns; Third, it is necessary to strengthen environmental management, enhance the scientific and technological content of the energy and chemical industry, speed up the construction of circular industrial parks, and strengthen the compensation of enterprises for environmental governance.
South Shaanxi concentrates about 70% of the province's water resources, forest resources and biological resources, and the overall regional economy is dominated by agricultural economy, which is a concentrated contiguous poverty-stricken area in poverty-stricken counties. Although the economy of Danjiang River Basin in Hanjiang River is relatively concentrated, as a water source protection area on the west line of the national South-to-North Water Transfer Project, industrial development must pay attention to ecological environment protection. First, focus on the development of tourism and moderately develop the processing industry of Chinese herbal medicines and agricultural and sideline products; The second is to strengthen urban construction, attach importance to the relocation of immigrants, and combine urbanization, industrial agglomeration and population transfer to achieve regional sustainable development and narrow the regional gap.
The non-ferrous metal mining industry in southern Shaanxi can be built into an important new material industry base, but the principle of giving priority to protection and moderate development must be implemented, and the industrial layout should be carried out according to the carrying capacity of resources and environment. First, we should improve the technical content of mining industry and reduce environmental pollution; Second, develop characteristic green industries according to local conditions; Third, actively implement ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation, guide the voluntary, stable and orderly migration of population, and strengthen ecological restoration and environmental protection.
(3) Restrict the adjustment of industrial structure in the development zone
The "South-to-North Water Diversion" water source protection areas in the mountainous areas of Bazhong, Qinqin and the middle-low mountainous areas in the upper reaches of the northern Shaanxi River have weak carrying capacity of resources and environment, and the large-scale agglomeration economy and population conditions are not good, which are related to the ecological security of the whole country or the whole region and should be restricted development areas. On the one hand, we should be brave enough to eliminate and transfer industries that do not conform to the construction of the main functional areas of the country; On the other hand, tap local advantages and actively lay out and develop characteristic industries with high ecological and economic benefits.
In southern Shaanxi, it mainly involves some mining industries. It is necessary to implement the policy of giving priority to protection and moderately developing, and strengthen the improvement of ecological environment. According to the carrying capacity of resources and environment, firstly, it is necessary to improve the technical content of mining industry and reduce environmental pollution; Second, develop characteristic green industries according to local conditions; Third, we should actively implement ex situ poverty alleviation and relocation, guide the voluntary, stable and orderly migration of the population, ease the tension between man and nature, strengthen ecological restoration and environmental protection, and gradually build an important ecological function zone in the country.
(four) it is forbidden to adjust the industrial structure in the development zone.
The core area, buffer area and extremely sensitive ecological area of national and provincial nature reserves are prohibited development zones. Banning development zones does not mean strictly prohibiting all industrial development, but developing industries that are harmless to the environment. Development zones are generally prohibited as tourist attractions, so it is necessary to integrate tourism resources and actively develop tourism industry. However, effective protection must be implemented according to laws, regulations and relevant plans, and development and construction activities that do not meet the regional functional orientation are prohibited.
In short, under the background of the implementation of the national main functional area strategy, Hanzhong can get more financial and policy support from the state when adjusting its industrial structure and layout. We should seize this historical opportunity, on the one hand, adjust the industrial structure and layout according to our own characteristics and advantages, and give full play to our advantages according to local conditions; On the other hand, we should make full use of the preferential policies for the implementation of the national main functional zone strategy, promote the optimization of industrial structure and layout, and achieve healthy, sustained and rapid economic development.