In the weekend class for Chinese businessmen held by our newspaper on February 4, 65438, experts pointed out the importance of mastering basic first aid knowledge. In order to let more readers know the basic methods of first aid, the reporter compiled the most important cardiopulmonary resuscitation operation in the lecture for your reference. According to experts, when the patient's heartbeat and breathing suddenly stop, it is necessary to establish basic life support within 4-8 minutes to ensure the basic blood oxygen supply of important organs of the human body until the advanced life support is established or the heartbeat and breathing are restored. The specific operation is cardiopulmonary resuscitation. For the convenience of memory, the operation steps of cardiopulmonary resuscitation are also called cardiopulmonary resuscitation ABC. A (assessment, airway) is to judge whether you are conscious or not and clear the airway. When the patient has symptoms such as cataplexy, it is first necessary to judge whether the patient is still conscious. You can pat the patient on the face or shoulder and call his name or other names. If there is no response, it means that the patient has lost consciousness. You can hold that person with your fingers, call for help immediately, ask others to help save people, and call the emergency number as soon as possible. Then let the patient take a suitable supine position, generally raise the patient's head and legs appropriately, and make an angle of 30 degrees with the ground. Clear the respiratory tract, clean up foreign bodies in oral cavity and nasal cavity, make the root of tongue leave the posterior pharyngeal wall, and clear the airway. Only when the airway is clear, the oxygen provided by artificial respiration can reach the lungs, and important organs such as brain tissue can get oxygen supply. B (breathing) is artificial respiration. Artificial respiration is to help patients with artificial respiration, and it is one of the basic techniques of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Immediately after opening the airway, check whether there is breathing. If you are not breathing, you should give artificial respiration immediately. The most common and convenient artificial respiration methods are mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. During mouth-to-mouth resuscitation, hold the patient's nostril with one hand to prevent the blown gas from being discharged from the nostril and not entering the lungs from the mouth. Then take a deep breath, wrap the patient's lips tightly with your lips, be careful not to leak gas, and blow gas into the patient's mouth to the lungs under the operation of keeping the airway open. After blowing, your lips leave, and you can exhale by releasing your fingers that pinch your nose. Observe whether the patient's chest fluctuates. If the chest is raised when blowing, it means that the airway is unobstructed and the operation of mouth-to-mouth blowing is correct. Mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration is similar to mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration and is generally used for infants and patients with oral trauma. C (circulation) refers to manual circulation. The basic technique of artificial circulation is chest compression. After the heart stops beating, the heart is passively ejected by chest pressing to drive blood circulation. As long as it is judged that the heart stops beating, artificial respiration and chest compressions should be performed immediately. To perform cardiac compression, we must first find out the compression position, and the correct position is at the junction of the lower sternum 1/3 (or the junction of the upper sternum 2/3 and the lower sternum 1/3). Slide the index finger and middle finger of the right hand up to the lower part of the xiphoid process (the lowest edge of the sternum). At this time, the index finger and middle finger are perpendicular to the long axis of the sternum, and the middle area of the sternum above the index finger is the pressing area. The root of the left palm is placed in the pressing area, the right hand is overlapped on the back of the left hand, and the fingers of both hands are lifted off (buckled together) the chest wall. The shoulder is directly above the patient's sternum, and the shoulder, arm and elbow are pressed vertically downward. Smooth and regular, press vertically downward, and the palm root should not leave the chest wall every time it is lifted, keeping the selected pressing position unchanged. The pressing depth is 3.5-4.5cm, and the pressing frequency is 80- 100 times per minute.