Common diseases of pigeons: thrush in meat pigeons
The sick pigeon is dull, with loose feathers, shrinking its head and closing its eyes, walking slowly, eating little or no food, increasing thirst, swollen crop, obvious drooping, full or fluctuating contents, breathing with its mouth open, white and loose cheese-like things in its mouth, sour smell, loose feces excretion, weight loss of the sick pigeon, and serious death. The characteristic changes of autopsy are white loose matter and white cheese-like squamous membrane in digestive tract, especially in crops, which are easy to fall off, and some of them have fallen off automatically and have a certain hardness.
The prevention and treatment of the disease is mainly to do a good job in mildew prevention of feed, environment and pens, especially in rainy season. Once the disease occurs, it is necessary to take therapeutic drugs in time, thoroughly disinfect, isolate sick pigeons, and treat dead pigeons, pollutants and excreta harmlessly.
The nystatin used to treat this disease has special effects. Mix and feed at the rate of 10000 to 150000 units per animal, or feed at the rate of 1/4 tablets per animal (500000 units per tablet) twice a day for 3 days. Five days. In severe cases, the suspension was prepared according to the feeding amount, and the crops were irrigated first, and then the suspension was taken, once a day 1 time for 3 days. Tramycin per 4000 people? 10000 units were mixed with 1 meal and fed with feed twice a day for 5 days. Clotrimazole is fed in a mixture of 2 ~ 4 mg per animal or taken in water suspension. In addition, the false membrane was washed with cotton wool dipped in 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, and then the adhesion in the mouth and throat was removed with toothpick; Then apply iodine glycerin to the infected part, and the effect is very good; 1%-5% clotrimazole ointment can also be applied to the infected site.
Common diseases of pigeons: pigeon diarrhea
There are many reasons for pigeon diarrhea, mainly due to improper feeding management, feeding moldy and rotten feed or feed contaminated by toxic substances, or drinking unclean water. Poor feeding conditions and dark and humid dovecotes can also cause this disease. In addition, many diseases and parasites often cause pigeon diarrhea. The key to prevent the disease is to do a good job in feeding management, pay attention to the hygiene of feed and drinking water, and reasonably mix feed at the same time. Sick pigeons can drink 0.005% tetracycline or intramuscular injection of gentamicin. You can also feed sulfadiazine sodium, 1 time, 1/4 tablets per sick pigeon, twice a day for 2 ~ 3 days.
Identification method of pigeon disease
In order to find sick pigeons early and prevent the spread of the epidemic, breeders must carefully observe pigeons three times a day, morning, noon and evening. The following introduction? Three look and nine check? The identification method of pigeon disease is simple and easy to refer to.
? Three look?
Look at the mental state: healthy pigeons are lively, excited and sensitive; The sick pigeon is listless, lazy and unresponsive.
Second, look at the diet: healthy pigeons eat normally; Sick pigeons eat less or waste food, don't think about drinking water or binge drinking, and don't feed young pigeons.
Third, look at the color and shape of the feces: the feces of healthy pigeons are gray, yellow-brown or gray-black, with a strip or spiral shape and white attachments at the end of the feces; The feces of sick pigeons are soft, mushy, green and smelly.
? Nine checks?
Check pigeon eyes: Healthy pigeons have bright, clean and alert eyes, and their eyes are wide open. If there are secretions in the eyes, conjunctival flushing or pallor, corneal opacity, pupil narrowing or dilation are all symptoms. Such as ophthalmia, paratyphoid fever, chronic respiratory diseases, vitamin A deficiency, etc., often make pigeon eyes red and swollen and excreted. Fever and conjunctivitis can make conjunctiva flush. Anemia or malnutrition can make conjunctiva pale.
Second, check the nasal tumor: the nasal tumor of healthy pigeons is bright, white and clean. Among them, normal squab rhinoma is flesh-colored, and squab rhinoma gradually turns from flesh-colored to white. If the nose tumor is dirty, damp and dull in color, it is a sign of illness. Especially when suffering from respiratory diseases, colds, paratyphoid fever and other diseases, the above performance is more obvious.
Third, check the beaks of pigeons: the beaks of healthy pigeons are clean; Sick pigeons often make their beaks dirty because of increased nasal secretions.
Fourth, check breathing: healthy pigeons breathe evenly, 30 times/minute to 40 times/minute; Pigeons suffer from trichomoniasis, tracheitis, bronchitis and pneumonia, such as runny nose, cough and asthma. When suffering from severe necrotizing pneumonia, it can be seen that the sick pigeon is breathing with its mouth open, and the exhaled gas smells bad.
Fifth, check the mouth: open the pigeon's mouth. When suffering from pharyngolaryngitis and diphtheria pigeon disease, flushing, ulcer or yellow-white false membrane appear in the mouth and throat. Vitamin A deficiency shows that there are gray-white nodules the size of rice grains in the mouth of sick pigeons. When the body is unwell, sour gas is exhaled in the mouth.
Check the crops: touch the crops with your fingers. If the crop is still swollen and solid after eating for 3 hours, you may have a hard crop; If you don't eat, you will feel full, soft and fluctuating, and when you hang the pigeon upside down, sour and smelly liquid will flow out of your mouth, which may lead to physical discomfort.
Check the anus: first observe whether the feathers around the anus are polluted by feces, and then open the anus by hand to see if the cloaca is congested or has bleeding spots.
Eight physical examination: healthy pigeons are strong and have full chest muscles. Sick pigeons are generally thinner and have no struggle on their hands. At the same time, we should pay attention to check whether there is sternal malformation.
Nine, check the body temperature: carefully insert the thermometer into the cloaca of the pigeon for about 5 minutes to measure the body temperature. The normal body temperature of healthy pigeons is 40.5℃ ~ 42.5℃. If it exceeds 42.5℃, it means fever, but sometimes it will rise by 0.5℃ after strenuous exercise or sun exposure.
Pigeon breeding method
Choose pigeons.
Generally, pigeons are selected with high flying ability and strong physique as the standard; Appearance observation, white feathers are the most beautiful, with wide head, long face, V-shaped mouth, round and loud singing voice, round and bright eyes and thick and straight legs. As long as you have the above characteristics, you are a very good pigeon.
There are several ways to distinguish between men and women. The most common way is that male pigeons have wider shoulders, longer shin toes and longer keels. The female pigeon is the opposite. The male pigeon has a thick body, a short neck, a large wax film, a strong singing sound and a hoarse voice. Gollum? , the body jumps forward, then rotates forward and strides forward; The mother pigeon has a small body, a thin neck, a short and sharp song and a delicate voice, although there are some? Gollum? But the voice is thin and soft, and it doesn't jump or rotate.
The requirements of the pigeon house.
Carrier pigeons are active during the day and rest quietly in the house at night. Carrier pigeons must provide pigeons? Safe and comfortable? Living conditions to strengthen its love for the nest.
The pigeon house environment must be quiet. Pigeons like to be quiet and are afraid of being disturbed. If you are often harassed by the outside world, especially at night, it will cause panic and confusion for pigeons. After being disturbed, homing pigeons don't want to go back to their nests, preferring to live under the eaves at night.
The pigsty should be ventilated to the sun, warm in winter and cool in summer. The optimum temperature for homing pigeons is 13℃ ~ 18℃, and the relative humidity is 60%. Pigeonhouses should minimize the impact of natural temperature changes on homing pigeons. They should be cool for heatstroke prevention in summer, warm and cold-proof in winter, and should be cleaned and disinfected frequently to keep the environment clean.