Adaptation problem
From ordinary people to soldiers, from soldiers to squad leaders and officers, young soldiers often have to face new situations, play new roles, perform new tasks and adapt to new environments. In the process of adapting to change, it often brings many psychological problems. Including the psychological adaptation of recruits after entering the camp, the psychological adaptation of role change during service, the psychological adaptation of daily behavior habits, the psychological adaptation of task change, the psychological adaptation of soldiers to social environment and the psychological adaptation of retired soldiers. Among them, psychological maladjustment is the most concentrated and obvious between one week and two months after the recruits enter the camp.
(B) the issue of self-awareness
In the self-development of young soldiers, there is a gap between self-knowledge and evaluation and the actual situation, and there is also a gap between ideal self and realistic self. How to coordinate the relationship between ideal self and realistic self and how to treat yourself correctly will be a very important topic for young soldiers. The self-consciousness of young soldiers is mainly manifested in the following contradictory tendencies; Excessive self-acceptance, excessive self-exclusion; Excessive self-esteem, excessive inferiority; Self-centered, blindly following the crowd; Excessive sense of independence and rebellious mentality. Among them, the most representative is inferiority complex.
Inferiority is a form of self-emotional experience, and it is a psychological state in which individuals have a low evaluation of their own abilities or qualities and are worried about losing the respect of others due to some physical and psychological defects or other reasons. Soldiers' inferiority complex is mainly manifested in; (1) negative self-evaluation, thinking that they are obviously inferior to others. (2) generalization. Some people feel inferior because of their figure, and feel that their manners and social skills are not as good as others. (3) Sensitivity and concealment. People who feel inferior are often sensitive to their own shortcomings and others' evaluation of themselves, and often regard other people's words and deeds that have nothing to do with themselves as contempt for themselves. Because they are worried that their defects will be known, they often hide or deny, or avoid interacting with others, or sometimes show strong vanity.
Relationship problems
People's adaptation is first of all the adaptation of interpersonal relationship, and people's psychological obstacles are mainly caused by the imbalance of interpersonal relationship. Good interpersonal relationships give people a sense of security and belonging, give people spiritual pleasure and satisfaction, and promote mental health. Bad interpersonal relationships make people feel depressed and nervous, bear loneliness and loneliness, and damage their physical and mental health. The main problems of military interpersonal communication are: lack of intimate friends, difficulties in personal communication, dull communication with others, social fear and unwillingness to communicate. Among them, loneliness and suspicion are representative problems in interpersonal relationships.
Doubt is a complex emotional experience of distrust caused by subjective speculation. Suspicious people tend to be suspicious all the time, thinking that no one can be trusted and no one can hand it over. Suspicion is a negative psychology in military communication. If some soldiers encounter setbacks in their development and progress and their wishes cannot be realized, they will wonder who is against them. When criticized by leaders, they always doubt who reported to the leaders, those who compete with them, and those who have contradictions with them waiting for revenge. Some people even show a little abnormality to themselves and doubt that they are biased against themselves. Once an individual falls into the trap of unwarranted suspicion, he is bound to be neurotic everywhere, catch shadows of everything, lose trust in his comrades-in-arms and have doubts about himself, which not only damages normal interpersonal communication, but also affects physical and mental health.
Loneliness psychology is a lonely emotional experience caused by lack of communication with people. Psychological loneliness does not mean loneliness. True loneliness often comes from those who have superficial contact but lack emotional and ideological exchanges. Whether in a crowd or living alone in a room, you will feel lonely as long as you lack understanding of everything around you and don't communicate with the outside world. Severe loneliness can make people feel depressed and manic, disheartened, and even more serious, they will be world-weary and commit suicide.
(d) Psychosexual problems
The common sexual psychological problems of soldiers include sexual consciousness and sexual behavior psychology. Common sexual consciousness problems include frequent thoughts of sexual problems, sexual fantasies and sexual dreams. Among them, "thinking about sex often" refers to thinking about sexual concepts, appearance and sexy parts and experiencing one's own sexual impulses when encountering attractive opposite sex, or having sexual fantasies when reading books and periodicals related to sex; "Sexual fantasy" usually shows the association of "self-writing", "self-directing" and "self-acting" with the content of heterosexual communication under the guidance of some factors. Sexual fantasies can lead to sexual excitement in the body and congestion in the sexual organs; You can also occasionally have an orgasm; "Sexual dream" is a dream related to sexual content that appears in a dream after puberty. It is generally believed that it is related to the sexual hormones reaching a certain level, the internal and external stimulation of sleep neutral organs and the subconscious sexual instinct activities. Sexual dreams can be accompanied by male nocturnal emission and female sexual excitement. The above three situations are indirect venting forms of sexual impulses and belong to normal psychological and physiological phenomena. However, due to the cognitive deviation, young soldiers are often troubled by their own sexual consciousness, and there are different degrees of psychological conflicts, such as anxiety, disgust, inner anxiety, fear and self-blame. Serious insomnia, inattention, depression, reluctance to associate with people (especially the opposite sex), often falling into anxiety, contradiction, confusion and depression, thus affecting their daily work and life and even interfering with their normal development.
Psychological problems of sexual behavior. Refers to the sexual behavior that occurred at the time of the incident or many years later, which caused psychological troubles to some people and brought adverse effects to them.