Health is 1, wife, children, seats, tickets, houses, cars ... just over 0, 1 gone, nothing left.
In 20 12 years, the national mortality rate of chronic diseases was 533/65438+ million, accounting for 86.6% of the total deaths. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer and chronic respiratory diseases are the main causes of death, accounting for 79.4% of the total deaths.
According to the Long-term Plan for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Diseases in China (20 17-2025), chronic diseases mainly include cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes and oral diseases, as well as endocrine, kidney, bone and nerve diseases.
Prevalence of major chronic diseases in China
The prevalence rates of hypertension and diabetes in adults aged 20 12 years 18 years were 25.2% and 9.7%, respectively, showing an upward trend compared with 2002. The prevalence rate of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in people aged 40 and above is 9.9%.
According to the analysis of the results of national cancer registration in 20 13 years, the incidence of cancer in China is 235/ 100000, with lung cancer and breast cancer ranking first in men and women respectively, and the incidence of cancer in China has been on the rise in recent ten years.
Death status of main chronic diseases in China
In 20 12 years, the national mortality rate of chronic diseases was 533/65438+ million, accounting for 86.6% of the total deaths.
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer and chronic respiratory diseases are the main causes of death, accounting for 79.4% of the total deaths. The mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is 27 1.8/65438+ 10,000, and the mortality rate of cancer is 144.3/65438+ 10,000 (the top five are lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer respectively).
Chronic etiology, with its hidden condition, long course of disease and high overall treatment cost, has become the most important factor threatening the health of Chinese residents.
The World Bank predicts that there will be 3 1.77 million stroke patients in China by 2030 if China does not change the current prevention and control status. According to the research of Harvard University, between 20 12 and 2030, the five major chronic diseases, namely cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes and mental diseases, will bring about $28 trillion in losses to China.
Risk factors of chronic diseases in China.
Overweight and obesity are prominent problems.
There are more than 300 million smokers in China, and the smoking rate of people over the age of 15 is 28. 1%, among which the male smoking rate is as high as 52.9%, and the proportion of non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke is 72.4%.
20 12 years 18-year-old adults drink 3 liters a year, and the harmful drinking rate among drinkers is 9.3%, including 1 1. 1% for men. The regular exercise rate of adults is 18.7%.
Smoking, excessive drinking, insufficient physical activity and unhealthy diet with high salt and fat are the main behavioral risk factors for the occurrence and development of chronic diseases. The rapid economic and social development and social transformation have brought people work and life pressure, and the impact on health can not be ignored.
A healthy lifestyle will prolong your life 10 years.
Practicing a healthy and civilized lifestyle is the most effective strategy to maintain and promote health. According to the global research summarized by the World Health Organization, among the four major factors affecting personal health and longevity, biological genetic factors account for 15%, environmental factors account for 17%, health services account for 8%, and lifestyle and behavior account for 60%.
If a healthy lifestyle is adopted, 80% of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, 80% of type 2 diabetes, 55% of hypertension and 40% of malignant tumors can be prevented.
A healthy and civilized lifestyle refers to the behavior that is conducive to maintaining physical and mental health and social civilization and forming living habits.
According to the Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (20 16) issued by the CDC of the National Health and Family Planning Commission last year, the dietary standards of healthy people should be: diverse foods, mainly cereals; Have a balanced diet and a healthy weight; Eat more fruits and vegetables, milk and soybeans; Eat fish, poultry, eggs and lean meat in moderation; Less salt and less oil, sugar control and wine restriction.
According to the recommendation of China Adult Physical Activity Guide, the recommended amount of exercise for normal healthy adults is moderate-intensity physical activity 150-300 minutes or strenuous exercise 75- 150 minutes per week. Adults should take at least 6000 steps every day, preferably 1000 steps, and take part in more activities beneficial to muscle and bone exercise. Of course, if you want to lose weight, you need to increase the amount of exercise appropriately.
Everyone is the first responsible person for his own health.
Practicing a healthy and civilized lifestyle is the most economical health strategy. Take the intervention of salt reduction in Britain in 2003 as an example. At that time, the total investment of the project was 654.38+0.5 billion pounds, which reduced the number of deaths from cardiovascular diseases by 6,000 and saved medical expenses by 654.38+0.5 billion pounds. The Epidemic Report of Chronic Diseases in China released by the World Bank in 20 12 pointed out that more than 50% of chronic diseases burden in China could be prevented by changing lifestyle and controlling behavioral risks.
However, according to relevant surveys, only 1 1.2% of the residents in China can maintain healthy behaviors and lifestyles. Many residents have bad habits such as smoking and drinking, often staying up late, sedentary, lack of physical exercise for a long time, unbalanced nutrition and drug dependence, which have become the main risk factors for inducing chronic diseases and even sudden death.
(Image from the Internet)