1, full of security.
A sense of security is one of people's basic needs. If you live in constant fear, people will soon get old. Depression, anxiety and other psychology will cause digestive system dysfunction, and even lead to pathological changes.
2. Fully understand yourself and make appropriate judgments about your abilities.
If you force yourself to do work beyond your ability, you will be unable to do it, which will be very harmful to your body and mind. Because of overwork, it will even bring trouble to health.
3. The goal in life is realistic.
Because the level of social production development and material living conditions have certain limits, if the goal of life is set too high, it will inevitably lead to frustration, which is not conducive to physical and mental health.
4. Keep in touch with the external environment.
Because people's spiritual needs are multi-level, contact with the outside world can enrich their spiritual life on the one hand, and adjust their behavior in time on the other hand in order to better adapt to the environment.
5. Maintain the integrity and harmony of personality.
Psychological characteristics such as ability, interest, personality and temperament in personality must be harmonious and unified in order to get the greatest display.
6. Have a certain learning ability.
Knowledge in modern society is updated rapidly. In order to adapt to the new situation, we must constantly learn new things, make our life and work handy, take fewer detours and achieve more success.
7. Maintain good interpersonal relationships.
There are both positive and negative relationships in interpersonal relationships, and the coordination of interpersonal relationships has a great influence on people's mental health.
8. Be able to express and control your emotions properly.
People's emotional experience of emotions is different. Unpleasant emotions must be released to achieve psychological balance. But you can't vent too much, otherwise it will not only affect your life, but also aggravate interpersonal conflicts, which is not good for your physical and mental health.
9. Give full play to your talents and hobbies.
People's talents and hobbies should be brought into full play, but they should not hinder the interests of others and harm the interests of the group. Otherwise, it will cause interpersonal disputes and increase troubles, which is not conducive to physical and mental health.
10. Under the premise of not violating social ethics, the basic needs of individuals should be met to a certain extent.
Of course, it must be legal, otherwise it will be condemned by conscience, and the pressure of public opinion and even legal sanctions will naturally lead to no mental health.
Second, ten kinds of normal abnormal psychology
Being sane doesn't mean there is no problem. The key is the background, duration, severity and adverse effects on individuals and the environment. Normal people may also have short-term abnormalities, which are short-term and slight, and cannot be labeled as mental illness.
1, Fatigue: There are usually corresponding reasons, short duration, no obvious changes in sleep and mood, good rest, and can be eliminated after proper entertainment.
2. Anxiety response: Anxiety response is a way for people to adapt to a certain environment. The normal anxiety reaction often has its realistic reasons (realistic anxiety), such as facing the college entrance examination, but it can be quickly alleviated with the passage of time.
3, similar to hysteria: more common in women and children. Some women quarrel freely with their husbands, shouting, tearing clothes and smashing things, beating up children and even threatening to commit suicide. Children can daydream, fantasize about lies, and take the fantasy content as reality. This is due to the undeveloped and immature central nervous system.
4. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Some mental workers, especially serious mental workers, think over and over again and realize that there are unnecessary things, such as whether they have offended anyone or not, and repeatedly check whether the door is locked. But it doesn't last long and doesn't affect life and work.
5. Terror and opposition: When we stand in a high but safe place, we still have a sense of terror, and sometimes we wonder if we will jump, or even what it feels like to jump. If this idea is corrected quickly and we don't continue to think, that's normal.
6. hypochondriacs: Many people treat mild discomfort as a serious disease and check it repeatedly, especially when relatives, friends, neighbors and colleagues die prematurely or accidentally due to the disease. However, it is normal to accept the doctor's advice after excluding related diseases.
7. Paranoia and self-concern: Everyone has a tendency of self-involvement, that is, assuming that external things insinuate themselves, especially adversely affecting themselves. For example, when people stop talking as soon as they enter the office, they often suspect that they are talking about themselves. This phenomenon is usually short-lived, and suspicion will soon be realized. Its nature and content are closely related to the situation at that time.
8. Illusion: Normal people may have illusions when the light is dim, fearful, nervous and expecting, but they can be corrected quickly after repeated verification. Idioms such as "grass and trees are soldiers" and "cup bow and snake shadow" are typical examples.
9. hallucination: normal people can hear "knocking at the door" and "calling" when they are eager. I didn't know it was an illusion until I confirmed it. People in medicine are called psychogenic hallucinations. Abnormal people occasionally have hallucinatory last words before going to bed and when they wake up, which is not pathological.
10, self-deprecating: Some people even talk and laugh when they are alone, but for objective reasons, it is normal to be able to choose the occasion and control themselves.
Third, the way to get rid of melancholy:
1, don't make excuses for yourself.
2. Give yourself more love
Step 3 distract your attention
Step 4 change your behavior
5. Get out of melancholy and create a "three-person space"
6. Know your limits
7. Find an oasis of mind-relax and meditate to get peace of mind and body.
8. Believe in yourself and others.
9. Plan some positive and beneficial activities to deal with boring life.
10, tell your friends about your troubles.
1 1, see the bright side of things-tolerance, self-mockery and "happiness therapy"
12, which decomposes complex problems into simple ones.
13, try your best to finish one thing.
14, exercise is the basis of self-help.
Fourth, the main problems of middle school students' mental health
learning problem
1. Students are under increasing psychological pressure to study, resulting in listlessness, resulting in loss of appetite, insomnia, neurasthenia, decreased memory effect and dull thinking.
2. Learning weariness is a prominent problem in current learning activities. Not only students with poor academic performance are unwilling to study, but some students with good academic performance are also tired of learning.
3. Test anxiety, especially when encountering more important exams, is more serious.
Relationship problems
1. Relationship with teachers. The main problems are rebellious psychology caused by teachers' incomprehension and distrust of students, psychological pressure and aggressive behavior caused by teachers' cognitive deviation.
2. The relationship between classmates. In addition to teachers' understanding and support, middle school students also hope to have an accepted sense of belonging in the class and classmates, and seek the understanding and trust of classmates and friends.
3. Relationship with parents. A democratic and harmonious family gives middle school students a warm harbor of their own. In authoritarian families, parents and children can't communicate normally, which leads to children's withdrawn and bossy personality. All kinds of family scars will cause psychological harm to middle school students to varying degrees.
(C) Adolescent psychological problems
1. adolescent atresia psychology. Its main performance is that the external performance tends to be closed and blocked, and the increasingly rich and complex internal activities coexist in the same individual. It can be said that closed psychology is a universal and special symbol of adolescent psychology.
2. Emotion is exciting, explicit and implicit. The physiological upheaval in adolescence will inevitably cause emotional agitation among middle school students. This turbulent emotion is sometimes explicit and sometimes implicit.
3. puppy love. Middle school students are generally underage, and we call this underage love of middle school students puppy love. Middle schools, especially high school students, are in adolescence, and one of the most prominent contradictions in this period is the contradiction between rapid sexual development and relatively naive sexual psychology.
(D) Setbacks to adapt to problems
The frustration of middle school students is manifold, including study, interpersonal relationship, interest desire, self-esteem and so on. There are objective factors, social environment factors and personal subjective factors.
Five, middle school students' mental health ten standards:
① Be able to study, work and live normally and maintain a certain level of ability.
(2) Be able to maintain good interpersonal relationships with classmates, teachers, relatives and friends, be kind to others, and unite and help each other.
③ The mood is basically stable, and the reaction to things is quick, and the mood is in a relaxed and happy state for a long time.
④ Behavior meets the requirements of social groups and is commensurate with the role of middle school students.
⑤ Gradually complete personality, able to objectively evaluate individuals and the outside world, strong-willed, consistent with words and deeds.
6. Consistent with most people's psychological intentions, they love the collective and have a strong desire for social interaction.
⑦ Good adaptability and emergency response ability.
Have a certain sense of security, self-confidence, autonomy, not a rebellious state.
Pet-name ruby psychology conforms to their age level, self-identity and adaptability, and the distance between personal ideal and realistic possibility is within reach.
Attending can adapt to the fast-paced life, be able to study efficiently, be energetic and feel good about yourself.
Sixth, the behavior of mental health middle school students has the following characteristics.
Middle school students should be happy to study, work and live. They can give full play to their wisdom and talents in life, study and work, and achieve success and satisfaction.
② Middle school students have friends. They are willing to associate with others and can establish good relations with classmates, teachers and friends. When they get along with others, they always have more positive attitudes, such as respect, trust, joy and friendship, rather than negative attitudes, such as hatred, jealousy, doubt and fear.
Middle school students should have a proper understanding of themselves and be able to accept themselves happily. They can work hard to develop themselves and actively educate themselves. I can also safely accept my irreparable defects, treat them correctly, don't complain, and don't ask for trouble.
(4) Middle school students should be able to keep in good contact with the real environment, observe the real environment objectively and correctly, and deal with various problems in life in practical ways instead of trying to escape.
In short, middle school students are happy in study, work and life; They have their own friends and are willing to associate with others. You can know yourself, accept yourself and have a positive attitude towards yourself; He can understand the world objectively and solve the problems he faces effectively.
Seven, ways to maintain mental health
(1) Frankly speaking.
(2) temporarily escape.
(3) Transfer thoughts and feelings to other activities.
(4) Be humble to others.
(5) serving others.
(6) Do one thing from beginning to end.
(7) Avoid abnormal behavior.
(8) Be generous to others.
(9) Give each other a chance.
(10) Do it yourself.
(1 1) Make a leisure plan.
The specific requirements and practices of these eleven methods are:
A: Talk frankly. Find someone you trust, who can talk to, and who is cool-headed, and pour out your joys and sorrows to him, communicate with each other and express your feelings. You worry about me, I like you, I shed tears because of sympathy, I smile because of happiness, and I don't want to accumulate any negative emotions in my heart.
B: temporarily escape. If you encounter a nerve stimulation, or encounter setbacks, difficulties, failures and fall into deep self-annoyance, then this self-annoyance is tantamount to a kind of self-punishment. This kind of punishment is also useless and does not solve the problem. It's useless to scold yourself, not to eat angrily, to lie down and do nothing, and so on. An effective way is to leave your boring situation for a while and divert your attention. After a period of time, you will restore your psychological peace or fill your psychological trauma.
C: Transfer your thoughts and feelings to other activities. When your mood is in violent shock, you can temporarily focus on seeking a "second job", such as writing, painting, washing clothes, etc. In short, you can "forget yourself" and be keen on what you can do. This can change your depression, worry, anger, sadness, anxiety and other emotions.
D: Be modest to others. If a person always shows himself and shows his face in everything, it will keep him busy. If you have always been willing to be a supporting role or backstage staff, you will feel that you have plenty of time and enjoy the pleasure of being free from tension.
E: serving others. Thinking more about others and serving others can help you get rid of your troubles. Doing good deeds and helping the weak will make you feel at ease and satisfied.
F: Do one thing from beginning to end. When you are faced with many problems, solve one problem first and start with the easiest one. With achievements, you will have confidence. The more achievements, the greater your confidence.
G: avoid abnormal behavior. Don't do things beyond your power, and don't take on difficult problems one by one, otherwise you will accomplish nothing. If you think "it doesn't matter", then everything will be settled at once, and the result will be overwhelming. This is not only a "big headache", but also makes you feel very nervous and irritable, and even on the verge of mental breakdown in severe cases.
H: Be generous to others. Don't ask too much of others, let others allow you to do your own ideas. Criticism and censure of others should be reasonable and give others a chance to think and reflect. Otherwise, it will increase your troubles, anger, anxiety and other negative emotions.
Me: Give each other a chance. Sometimes you can take the defensive and give each other a chance to show yourself. Doing so can avoid worrying yourself because of interpersonal tension.
J: Do it yourself. Don't always stay on the sidelines, don't say "I was negligent" or "I was just about to do it". The road needs people to walk. You should walk by yourself and get rid of dependence.
K: Make a leisure plan. If you can make a pleasant and practical leisure plan, your mood will be happy and hopeful before this time comes. Once implemented, it will benefit a lot.
In the world, people's emotions and thoughts are also the most complex, rich, secretive and changeable. Middle school students, especially those in adolescence, are faced with many psychological contradictions and their physiological and psychological characteristics. How to maintain mental health, grow up healthily in a sound educational environment and become a pillar of the country is something we need to think about and work hard!