Next, the author describes the health status of American residents: 654.38+0.2 million people have to go to the hospital because of illness every day. But these statistics can't tell us how many exhausted mothers spend sleepless nights to take care of their sick children, and we don't know how much food is wasted every year because of people's picky, and how many students can't concentrate because of too little nutrition, so how much study time is wasted. People seem to be more familiar with disease than health. Diagnostic methods are becoming more and more advanced, and people's life expectancy is getting longer and longer, but more and more people suffer from heart disease, diabetes and cancer.
Some diseases that were rare in the past have become common now. One day we must face the fact that people will suffer from diseases like animals in the laboratory because of unreasonable diet. In order to let you know more about our own health situation in China, we specially found the contents of the Scientific Research Report on Dietary Guidelines for China Residents (202 1 version) to share with you.
In recent years, the nutritional health status of China residents is manifested in the following aspects: First, due to the general improvement of dietary quality and the increase of high-quality protein intake, the nutritional status and physique of China residents have been significantly improved. Height is an index reflecting the nutritional quality of long-term diet, and it is also an important manifestation of the improvement of the overall physical fitness of the people. In the past 30 years, 6? The height of boys and girls aged 17 has increased at all ages, with an average height increase of 3cm every 10 year, which fundamentally improved the malnutrition of residents.
The second feature is that due to the change of residents' lifestyle, the level of physical activity has dropped significantly. In the past 20 years, the widespread use of TV and mobile phones has become the most important reason for adults to sit still, with an average daily leisure screen time of about 3 hours. Under the condition of constant energy intake, the decrease of physical activity is the main risk factor for the continuous increase of overweight and obesity rate. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among China residents is increasing rapidly, which has become a serious public health problem.
The Report on Nutrition and Chronic Diseases of China Residents (2020) shows that the overweight and obesity rate of children under 6 years old reaches one fifth; The overweight and obesity rate of 6- 17-year-old adolescents reached a quarter; More than half of the adult residents are overweight or obese. However, chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases caused by overweight and obesity are on the rise. These chronic diseases are closely related to long-term dietary imbalance and excessive intake of oil and salt.
Unreasonable diet has become the most important factor in the occurrence and death of diseases in China. In 20 12 years, among the related factors of cardiovascular metabolic death in Chinese adults, the top three factors with the largest proportion were excessive sodium intake, insufficient fruit intake and insufficient omega-3 fatty acid intake in aquatic products. In addition to high sodium, there are also high-oil sugary drinks. At the same time, drinking behavior is common, and more than half of male drinkers drink too much. Alcohol can lead to the loss of a lot of nutrients. In addition to insufficient intake of fruits, fish and shrimp, insufficient intake of coarse grains, dark vegetables, milk, soybeans and bean products is also the key reason for low dietary quality.
In addition, for special groups: pregnant women, infants and the elderly, nutrition issues should attract special attention from the whole society. Among them, aging has become an unavoidable social problem. On the one hand, some elderly people have insufficient energy or protein intake, and the proportion of vitamin B 1, vitamin B2, folic acid and calcium intake is higher than 80%. On the other hand, chronic diseases such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes caused by unbalanced diet are still serious. I don't know if you have noticed that many nutritional problems we are facing now are very similar to those described by Ms. Davis in the United States 70 years ago. With the development of economy, the cognition of nutrition is also improving. We are the first group to understand the importance of nutrition, so we will take the lead in improving the health of ourselves and our families. I believe this is the reason why we study nutrition together here.