First, eat for nutrition and convenience.
Food consumption is the most basic consumption behavior of people, which is related to people's survival and development. The changes of residents' food consumption structure in recent 30 years can truly reflect the development of social economy and the improvement of people's quality of life.
1. Grain consumption declined. Grain is the foundation of foundation, and the key to food and clothing is grain. Before food and clothing, the growth of food consumption is first manifested in the growth of food consumption; After ample food and clothing, with the improvement of living conditions, people have more and more choices of food, and the intake of non-staple food is increasing, while the demand for food is decreasing. The growth of food consumption is manifested in the growth of non-staple food and animal food. In 2007, the per capita grain consumption of urban residents in our city was 52.54kg, only 45.438+0% of 1978.
The consumption of animal food has increased. While the food consumption of residents is decreasing, the consumption of animal food is increasing substantially. According to the survey data, the per capita poultry consumption in 2007 was 0.84 kg, which was 27 times higher than that in 1978. Egg consumption increased from10.55 kg per capita in 978 to 12.94 kg in 2007, an increase of 7.35 times. The per capita consumption of aquatic products 1.4 1 kg is 2.8 1 times higher than that of per capita consumption 1.978. The sharp increase of animal food consumption shows the improvement of food consumption quality and residents' living standards.
Nutritional, fresh, fast and convenient food is very popular. With the further improvement of people's living standards and the further optimization of residents' food structure, nutrition, health, freshness, convenience, science and convenience have become the new pursuits of residents. Residents eat out very badly. Now family and friends get together on holidays, and classmates and colleagues get together in their spare time. They all like to eat in restaurants. According to the survey data, in 2007, residents' spending on eating out was 460.63 yuan per capita, accounting for 6.03% of residents' spending, while 1978 was less than 1%.
Second, dress beautifully and have taste.
At the beginning of reform and opening up, black, gray and blue became the main colors of people's clothes, regardless of men, women and children. People have no choice in dress, no personality and low consumption expenditure. 1978, the per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents in our city was only 43. 1 yuan. By 2007, the per capita consumption expenditure of family clothing reached 1297.93 yuan, an increase of 29. 1 1 times compared with 198 1 year.
In the past 30 years, with the increase of income, people are more and more willing to spend money on dressing, especially the consumption of clothing has gone through the process from pulling cloth to finding a tailor to buying finished clothes in big shopping malls or specialty stores. After the reform and opening up, people began to pursue the beauty of clothing, and bright clothing colors replaced black, gray and blue. However, due to the restriction of income level and the restriction of finished clothing styles, until the mid-1990s, the proportion of residents buying fabrics to make clothes was still relatively high. At that time, the streets and alleys of Jincheng were all clothing processing shops to meet the clothing consumption needs of residents. 2 1 century, with the rapid growth of residents' income and the prosperity of the clothing market, the finished clothing with fine workmanship, new styles, excellent fabrics and rapid renewal in the market provided consumer protection for the residents who pursued branding, personalization and fashion. The proportion of residents buying finished clothes has greatly increased, and the proportion of clothes made of rags has greatly decreased.
Third, take advantage of new trends and fashions.
Looking back on the changes in the past 30 years, everyone in Jincheng clearly felt the "triple jump" of household durable goods.
In the early days of the reform and opening up, residents' families happily owned "three turns and one ring" and "four pieces" (bicycles, watches, sewing machines and radios), and the "four pieces" were also popularized in residents' families at an extremely fast speed, forming the first round of consumption hotspots. According to the survey data, in 1978, every 100 households in our city had 68 bicycles, 53 watches, 8 sewing machines and/or 3 radios.
With the substantial increase of residents' income, the consumption structure of durable goods in households has changed. By the late 1980s, "six new products" (color TV, refrigerator, washing machine, tape recorder, electric fan and camera) which were once in short supply appeared, forming the second round of consumption hotspots. Due to the shortage at that time, the market adopted the supply by ticket. According to the survey, 1988 has 5 1 color TV sets, 77 washing machines, 8 1 electric fans, 18 refrigerators and 9 cameras per 100 households. This round of consumption hotspots is fierce and lasts for a long time, and residents' desire for consumption has been greatly released. By 200 1, every hundred households in Jincheng will have color TV sets 1 10, 79 refrigerators, 95 washing machines, 88 electric fans and 34 cameras.
Entering the 2 1 century, the purchase of high-end durable consumer goods represented by home computers, mobile phones and family cars has increased substantially. By the end of 2007, every 100 households in our city had 55 home computers, 0/40 mobile phones and 5 family cars. In recent years, the commodity market of small household appliances is relatively prosperous, and the digital products (digital cameras and video cameras) continue to heat up, which greatly increases the enthusiasm of residents to buy various small household appliances and digital products. By the end of 2007, every 100 households in our city had 43 microwave ovens, 34 cameras, 7 cameras, 63 shower water heaters and 4 disinfection cupboards.
Fourth, be cool and smart.
The development of social economy has brought people more leisure time. China has successively implemented the system of weekends and "Golden Week", which provides time guarantee for residents to go out to play. At the same time, in order to develop holiday economy, vigorously develop tourism infrastructure, improve the construction of tourism market, the tourism industry is booming, providing a broad space for residents' tourism consumption, and residents' leisure and entertainment activities are more colorful. In recent years, it has become a beautiful "landscape" for residents to take advantage of the 7-day long vacation during the Golden Week or the winter and summer vacations for outbound travel, domestic travel, leisure vacation and shopping. The tourism expenditure of urban residents has doubled, and the holiday economy has become more and more prosperous, which has stimulated the consumer market. In 2007, the per capita tourism expenditure of urban residents in our city reached 1 19.438+02 yuan. It can be predicted that with the increase of income level and leisure time of urban residents in our city, going out on holidays and enjoying the beautiful scenery of the motherland or exotic customs is becoming an important embodiment of residents' enjoyment of life. Residents' tourism consumption will continue to heat up and tourism consumption is in the ascendant.
Five, live for the big and comfortable.
"Well-off depends on the house", having a warm and comfortable home is the greatest pursuit of the people, and the quality of living conditions has become an important indicator to measure the quality of family life. After 30 years of hard work, the housing conditions of urban families in our city have changed greatly. In 2007, the per capita housing construction area was 29.43㎡. At present, 93% of urban families own complete houses and 96% own their own houses. The proportion of families with complete sanitation facilities in houses reached 9 1%, and the utilization rate of gas and water reached 82%.
The intransitive verb is the speed and convenience of traffic and communication.
With the improvement of income level, the acceleration of life pace and the improvement of information level, people have higher and higher requirements for the convenience of travel and communication. In the past 30 years, the consumption expenditure of urban residents in our city on transportation and communication has increased from 1.978 yuan per capita in 2.8 yuan to 1.008. 1 yuan in 2007, an increase of 359 times.
After entering the 2 1 century, family cars quickly entered residents' families and became new means of transportation. The growth of family car consumption has driven the rapid growth of residents' transportation consumption. According to the survey data, in 2007, the per capita transportation consumption expenditure of urban residents in our city was 602.47 yuan, 859.67 times higher than that of 1978. By the end of 2007, there were 5 private cars and 55 motorcycles and mopeds for every 100 households in our city.
Thirty years ago, the communication expenses of residents' families were mostly post and telecommunications expenses, with little annual expenditure. By 2007, the per capita communication cost of urban residents in our city reached 406.6438+04 yuan. In 2007, every 100 households had mobile phones 140 and 94 ordinary phones.
Seven, education for more, for success.
It is a tradition of China people to attach importance to education, and it has become the knowledge of residents' families that children can't suffer no matter how hard they suffer. With the increase of income and the deepening of education system reform, urban families in our city have invested more and more in their children's education, and education has become a rigid expenditure for residents' families. Many families want their children to succeed and their daughters to succeed. They choose a kindergarten from the kindergarten, and primary school, junior high school and senior high school are all keen on choosing schools, from the training expenses of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting before their children go to school to the tuition expenses of foreign languages after their children enter school. At the same time, with the progress of society and the increase of competitive pressure, many adults devote their business time to re-education and learning new knowledge, new technology and new skills in order to meet the needs of the development of knowledge economy, which greatly stimulates the educational consumption expenditure of residents' families. It has been recognized by many families to attach importance to education investment, strengthen their own quality and improve their cultural taste. In 2007, the per capita education consumption expenditure of urban residents in our city was 382.27 yuan, which was 94.57 times higher than the per capita 4 yuan 1978.
Eight, strong and healthy.
A healthy body is the guarantee of a high quality of life. In order to live and work better, we must have a healthy body and plenty of energy. Therefore, wealthy residents pay special attention to health investment, and more and more people spend money on health. All kinds of fitness equipment, medical and health care equipment and nourishing health care products quickly entered ordinary families, and the consumption of medical and health care doubled, and healthy consumption became a new fashion of consumption. According to the survey data, in 2007, the medical care expenditure of urban residents in our city was 472.438+0 yuan per capita, which was 229.54 times higher than 1978.
Thirty years is only a short moment in the long river of human history, and the thirty years of reform and opening up are extraordinary thirty years. Economic prosperity, social progress and the development of the times have indeed brought great changes to the family life of residents. The fruits of reform and development have benefited everyone, and people's lives have undergone earth-shaking changes. Thirty years ago, restaurants and restaurants were only for weddings, but now "eating out" has become a common practice for ordinary families; Thirty years ago, wearing brighter clothes also represented the decadent ideas of capitalism. Nowadays, the streets are full of young people wearing strange clothes, chasing the footsteps of fashion with the rhythm of being in tune or out of tune. Thirty years ago, it was a great satisfaction to have an electric fan at home. Nowadays, air conditioning and constant temperature have become the necessities for families to be warm in winter and cool in summer. Thirty years ago, a family had a bicycle, but now it is very common to drive a private car to work or go out. Thirty years ago, an urgent matter rushed to the post office to send a telegram, and now mobile phones roam the world; Thirty years ago, traveling abroad was a luxury, but now traveling with a group has become commonplace; Thirty years ago, only a few newspapers were our windows on international events. Today, the internet allows us to get in touch with the world at zero distance. Thirty years ago, owning an apartment was the dream of many families. Now, the commercial housing with complete facilities and functions has become our warm home.
Taking stock of the past, the life of urban residents in our city has entered a well-off life from food and clothing. Looking forward to the future, we believe that under the correct leadership of the Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government and under the guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development, a well-off society with more developed economy, more harmonious society and richer people's lives is getting closer and closer, and the life of Jincheng residents will get better and better.