Mental health education refers to the education of cultivating children's good psychological quality, improving their psychological function, giving full play to their psychological potential and promoting their personality development. It is a social activity process of psychological self-construction and interaction between educators and educatees.
But in fact, mental health education is divided into broad sense and narrow sense.
Mental health education in a broad sense refers to all educational activities that help to cultivate students' mental health quality and sound personality, including school, family, social education, subject infiltration and social influence.
In a narrow sense, mental health education refers to special education that is purely within the scope of schools and aims at cultivating mental health quality and improving personality. Generally speaking, mental health education refers to the narrow sense of mental health education.
Usually, we will encounter some expressions similar to mental health education in meaning or scope, such as mental health, psychological counseling, psychological counseling, psychotherapy, psychological education, psychological quality education and so on.
Most people may be familiar with "psychological counseling". The core issue of these different expressions is "maintaining and improving mental health", but their nature, objectives, contents and methods are different.
Mental health: At present, most primary schools have physical health classes, but few have mental health classes.
Mental health, also known as mental health, is relative to physical health. On the negative side, it aims to prevent mental illness and mental unhealthy; On the positive side, it aims to maintain mental health and enhance psychological resistance.
In essence, mental health is actually another manifestation of mental health. If we insist on strict distinction, mental health is the purpose of mental health, and mental health is the means to achieve mental health.
Psychological consultation: Hong Kong and Taiwan scholars often use this concept, which is similar to our common "mental health education". When we use the word "psychological counseling", we emphasize more on taking all normal people as the object, paying attention to the future of the object and the development of prevention. When using this word, Hong Kong and Taiwan pay attention to the satisfaction of internal needs and the development of the potential of the object, pay attention to the specific problems of the individual and attach importance to individual differences. Psychological counseling is a bottom-up service.
Psychological counseling: Psychological counseling is mainly aimed at people with psychological problems in the normal population, paying attention to the present situation of the object, and directly solving problems for some specific goals.
Psychotherapy: On the basis of good communication, professionally trained therapists use psychological methods and techniques to help people solve psychological and behavioral problems and restore mental health. Psychotherapy is aimed at patients with mental disorders with low mental health or mental dysfunction, and pays attention to the past of the object.
"Psychotherapy" sounds like treating diseases, but in fact, the object of "psychotherapy" is not just mental patients, it can serve everyone.
Psychological counseling and psychotherapy are often used in combination. For example, in the intervention stage of psychological counseling, some psychotherapy methods can be used; In psychotherapy, various counseling techniques are also used.
These concepts are all narrow. In practical activities, these concepts overlap. At present, the most common expression is "mental health education", which actually includes various expressions.
The goal and task of mental health education
Before explaining, let's understand the difference between goals and tasks. The goal is the destination and effect we want to achieve. A task is a small goal that is decomposed to achieve the overall goal, and each task should be decomposed to an executable and acceptable level.
First, the main component of quality education is mental health, which is an important symbol of good psychological quality. Specifically, the goal of mental health education includes three aspects:
1, so that children form a healthy psychological quality.
2. Maintain children's mental health and reduce and avoid all kinds of unfavorable factors that affect children's mental health. For example, stay away from some bad influences and create a good living environment for children.
3, according to the needs and characteristics of children's development, adopt various forms and methods to promote mental health and improve the level of mental health.
To sum up the goal of mental health education in a simple sentence is to make children form healthy psychological quality, safeguard their mental health and promote their mental health.
The goal of mental health education should be aimed at every child. That is, to help them know themselves, accept themselves, shape a sound personality-establish their own development goals, cultivate a sense of responsibility, obligation and innovation-understand the environment, correctly handle all kinds of interpersonal relationships, and adapt to the living and learning environment faster-master social norms and adapt to future social development.