Fever is a protective mechanism of the human body, so don't be too alarmed. However, high fever (above 38.5 degrees) will lead to abnormal regulatory functions of various organs and tissues of the human body.
When the body temperature exceeds 37.5 degrees, it can be considered as a fever. When the body temperature is higher than 38.5 degrees, antipyretics (acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Merrill)) should be taken, because the body temperature exceeds 39 degrees, which is easy to cause convulsions. As long as the body temperature is controlled below 38.5 degrees, it can play its own role in resisting diseases, and taking antipyretics too early can not play its own regulatory role. Of course, antipyretics can also be used appropriately. The child's temperature drops, indicating that the fever has played a role. Don't blindly force your body temperature to be below 37 degrees. Keeping the child's temperature below 37 degrees will weaken the body's ability to resist germs.
If you don't want to go to the hospital for treatment, parents can also take care of it at home: raising the ambient temperature to 28-30 degrees can increase the heat dissipation of the child's body, or take a hot bath for the child and replenish water for the child. The effect of reducing fever is related to hydration. The more water is added, the more opportunities for heat evaporation.
Only fever caused by bacterial infection can be treated with antibiotics. Whether antibiotics or other drugs are used, the purpose is to treat the cause of fever, not the fever itself.
It is a big problem to give children medicine and master the dosage. Although the instructions will indicate the dosage of adults and children, the dosage of newborns and adolescents is definitely different. Here, Dr. Cui thinks it is appropriate to take two kilograms of drugs with variation, that is, the dosage of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for 4kg children is 60 mg, the dosage of drops is 0.6 ml, the dosage of suspension is 2.0 ml, the dosage of ibuprofen (Merrill Lynch) is 40 mg, and the dosage of drops is 6544. The dosage of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for 6kg children is 90 mg, drops 0.9 ml, suspension 3.0 ml, ibuprofen 60 mg, 65438+ drops 0.5 ml and suspension 30ml；; And so on.
What should children do if they have febrile convulsions at home? Parents should pay attention to the following four points: ① Don't move the child, because his muscles are stiff and prone to fracture; 2 Try to let the child lie on his side. At this time, his mouth is low, which is convenient for vomiting; 3 Spoons are stuffed between the upper and lower teeth to prevent children from biting their tongues; ④ After the convulsion stopped (10-20 seconds), they were sent to the hospital.
Some tips to prevent colds: When a cold is prevalent, it is best not to go in and out of crowded places to avoid infection with bacteria, but to open the window and ventilate at home. Although the wind blowing in from the outside may bring bacteria, more wind can reduce the indoor bacterial density, thus reducing the risk of respiratory tract infection; When the weather gets cold, parents are worried that their children will catch cold, so they won't let their children go out to play. As we all know, children don't often go out for outdoor activities and occasionally catch a cold, but they often go out for activities, and their bodies adapt to the changes in the weather, but they are less likely to get sick. Drinking more water when you have a cold is effective, because drinking water can excrete toxins; Many parents think that children have poor resistance, so they wear a lot of clothes to prevent colds, but in fact, children are active and have a lot of activities. If they wear a lot of clothes, sweating will wet their clothes and cause children to catch a cold.
2. What about dehydration?
For mild dehydration, oral rehydration can be used. The best rehydration drink is homemade rice soup (first boil a liter of boiling water, then pour in a bowl of rice, and cook for 5~ 10 minutes until the water becomes a thin paste, put it in a container, and add a tablespoon of sugar and salt). You can also buy oral rehydration salts, and for older children, you can also report drinks containing electrolytes and sugar. The key to replenishing body fluids is to be even and slow. For the baby, you can soak the liquid in the towel and let the baby suck the towel. Babies over one year old can suck popsicles.
Hypertonic dehydration requires going to the hospital, receiving intravenous infusion if necessary, and staying in the hospital for observation.
3. What about coughing?
Cough is a defense mechanism of human body, and the secretion of cough can excrete bacteria, so the purpose of treating cough is not to relieve cough but to eliminate phlegm, which makes the secretion thinner and easier to discharge, thus giving no chance for bacteria to reproduce.
Cough can be divided into deep cough and shallow cough, and the treatment methods are different according to the degree. Generally speaking, cough at night is a shallow cough that does not cough during the day, and a deep cough stays up day and night. Excessive phlegm and runny nose are mostly shallow cough, and the condition is not serious. The fever has gone down and the baby is still coughing. At this time, most of them are shallow coughs, indicating that he is recovering. Because of the deep cough, children often have no ability to cough up phlegm, which is more serious.
In the face of cough, local medication takes effect quickly and has little side effects, and will not cause harm to other parts of the body. The local treatment of respiratory tract is called atomized inhalation, which can play a good role in resolving phlegm.
4. What about diarrhea?
In the face of diarrhea, many people's way is not to eat, thinking that there is nothing to excrete, and diarrhea will naturally get better. In fact, if you don't eat it, the amount of excretion will be reduced, bacteria will not be discharged, and diarrhea will not get better. You can't eat without food, and you can't eat indiscriminately. Proper diet is the key. Diarrhea milk powder is a good choice. Foods containing lactose can not only be absorbed, but also aggravate diarrhea.
Diarrhea can be fatal if it causes dehydration. Dehydration is not only the reduction of water in the body, but also the loss of water will take away the electrolyte in the body. Oral rehydration is a good choice. Apple juice also contains electrolytes, but raw fruits and vegetables contain histamine, which will irritate the skin. High temperature heating can remove histamine, but it will also remove vitamins, so it is best to choose pure juice. Sugar in apple juice is not lactose, but can be absorbed. The prescription of "sugar plus apple" is also correct, because neither of them is lactose, which is beneficial to the recovery of diarrhea. Coke also contains electrolytes, which can replenish body fluids for children by releasing the gas in coke.
Severe diarrhea is prone to lactose intolerance, so children who are fed formula before diarrhea can switch to special formula powder without lactose. For children breast-fed before diarrhea, if diarrhea persists for a week without improvement, exogenous lactase should be added or replaced with lactose-free formula powder. Generally, you should take special formula powder without lactose for two weeks, and then gradually switch back to ordinary infant formula powder.
5. What about children's acute rash?
Acute infantile eruption is especially common in healthy infants of 6,654,38 0.2 months. It is an acute fever and respiratory rash disease. Close contact can spread diseases. The source of infection is not only sick babies, but also healthy people carrying the virus. Therefore, babies usually have sudden high fever without any symptoms, and their body temperature can reach 40-465 and 438+0 degrees for 3 5 days. After taking antipyretics, it can raise its body temperature. Then it will go up again. After 3-5 days of high fever, the fever will suddenly go down, and at the same time, rosy spots and papules will appear on the skin, which will come out within 24 hours after the eruption and disappear naturally in about 3 days.
Infantile acute rash is a typical viral infection, with a good prognosis and few other complications, so antibiotics are not needed, and the treatment is mainly based on nursing of high fever and rash. After the child is ill, the amount of drinking water will be significantly reduced. Do everything possible to let children drink more water to ensure adequate water in the body, which is conducive to the cooling of drugs. You can also consider intravenous infusion to supplement the lack of water in your child. At the same time, we should combine medicine and physics to control the temperature below 38.5 degrees. In addition, help your child defecate at least once a day, and if necessary, you can use kaiselu. During eruption, you are not afraid of wind or water, so you can take a bath during eruption. Don't put too much clothes on your child and keep your skin well ventilated.