In areas with high epidemic incidence, it is recommended to wear disposable medical masks; When entering crowded or closed public places, wear medical surgical masks or particle protection masks; When going to a hospital with suspected symptoms, you need to wear a particulate protective mask or a medical protective mask without an exhalation valve. It is suggested that field investigation, sampling and testing personnel wear protective masks for particles of KN95/N95 and above, and the public can also wear them in highly crowded places or closed public places.
Notice on printing and distributing the Guidelines for the Protection of People with Different Risk of Infection in novel coronavirus and the Guidelines for the Use of Masks to Prevent Pneumonia in novel coronavirus.
Health and Health Committees of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and members of the joint prevention and control mechanism for pneumonia in novel coronavirus, the State Council:
In order to guide the protection of people with different infection risks in novel coronavirus and reduce the risk of disease infection caused by improper use of protective equipment, we have organized experts to compile "Guidelines for the Protection of People with Different Infection Risks in novel coronavirus" and "Guidelines for the Use of Masks to Prevent novel coronavirus from Infecting Pneumonia", which are hereby printed and distributed to you for guidance and personal protection.
Epidemiology Prevention and Control Section
Bureau of Disease Control of National Health and Wellness Commission (seal)
65438+20201October 30th
Protection Guidelines for People with Different Risk of Infection in novel coronavirus
This guide is formulated to guide the protection of people with different infection risks in novel coronavirus. This guide is suitable for ordinary family members, travelers, isolated family members and people in specific industries.
First, ordinary family members
(1) Minimize outdoor activities. Reduce visiting relatives and friends and having dinner, and try to rest at home. Reduce to crowded public places, especially relatively closed places with poor air circulation, such as public baths, hot springs, cinemas, Internet cafes, KTV, shopping malls, stations, airports, docks, exhibition halls, etc.
(2) Do personal protection and hand hygiene. Thermometers, masks, household disinfection products and other household equipment. Masks that have not been in contact with suspected or confirmed patients and have good appearance, no odor and no dirt can be placed in a ventilated and dry place indoors after returning home for the next use. Masks that need to be discarded shall be disposed of according to the classification requirements of domestic waste. Always maintain hand hygiene, wash your hands with hand sanitizer or soapy running water after coming back from public places, coughing and covering your hands, before and after meals, or use antibacterial hand sanitizer. When you are not sure whether your hands are clean, avoid touching your mouth, nose and eyes. When sneezing or coughing, cover your mouth and nose with elbow clothes.
(3) Maintain good living habits. The room should be clean, often open the window, often ventilate and disinfect regularly. Balanced diet, balanced nutrition, moderate exercise and adequate rest. Don't spit everywhere, wrap the nose and mouth secretions with paper towels and put them in a covered trash can for disposal.
(four) take the initiative to do a good job of personal and family members' health monitoring, and take the initiative to measure body temperature when you feel fever. If you have children at home, you should touch their foreheads sooner or later. If you have a fever, you should take his temperature.
(5) Suspicious symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, chest tightness, dyspnea, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, muscle aches, etc. According to the condition, you should go to a medical institution in time.
Second, travelers
(a) daily life and work travelers, when going out to supermarkets, restaurants and other public places and taking public transport, should wear masks to minimize close contact with others. When the risk of infection is low, such as being alone, driving or walking alone in the park, you don't need to wear a mask.
(2) When suspicious symptoms need to be seen in a medical institution, you should wear a mask, and you can choose a medical surgical mask. Try to avoid taking subways, buses and other means of transportation and avoid going to crowded places. When visiting a doctor, medical staff should be informed of their travel and residence history and contact with others in areas where diseases are prevalent, and cooperate with medical and health institutions to carry out relevant investigations.
(3) Long-distance travelers need to know in advance whether the destination is an epidemic area. If you must go to the epidemic area, you should equip yourself with masks, portable antibacterial hand sanitizer, thermometers and other necessary items in advance. Try to minimize close contact with others when traveling, and wear KN95/N95 and above particle protection masks in crowded public transportation places and when riding in vehicles. When the mask is deformed, wet or dirty, it needs to be replaced in time. Keep the bus ticket information properly when going to popular areas for enquiry. When you come back from the epidemic area, you should register with the residents' committees and villagers' committees in your community as soon as possible for medical observation. The medical observation period is after leaving the epidemic area? 14? Jesus Christ. During medical observation, monitor body temperature and signs, try to live alone or in a well-ventilated single room, and reduce close contact with family members.
Third, home isolation personnel
(1) Close contacts of pneumonia cases infected with novel coronavirus shall be observed in isolation at home. Does the medical observation period start from the last contact with the case or the infected person has no effective protection? 14? Jesus Christ. Home isolation personnel should live relatively independently, try to reduce contact with residents of * * * *, and do a good job in cleaning and disinfecting medical observation places to avoid cross-infection. Don't go out during the observation period. If you have to go out, you can only go out with the approval of medical observation and management personnel, and wear medical surgical masks to avoid going to crowded places.
(two) home isolation personnel temperature at least 2 times a day, declined to visit. Minimize close contact with family members, and do not use any items that may lead to indirect contact and infection with family members, including toothbrushes, cigarettes, tableware, food, drinks, towels, clothes, bedding, etc.
(3) Others should wear KN95/N95 or above anti-particle masks when they enter the living space of isolated people at home, and do not touch or adjust the masks during this period. Try to avoid direct contact with isolated people at home. If there is direct contact, it should be cleaned and disinfected in time.
Fourth, people in specific industries.
(a) for public transport drivers, taxi drivers, public service personnel, armed police, traffic police, security personnel, media reporters, couriers and other industry personnel, there is a risk of infection due to a large number of daily contacts, and their units should be equipped with disposable medical masks or medical surgical masks or KN95/N95 and above particle protection masks, as well as hand disinfectants, disinfection paper towels and thermometers. Personal protection should be done during work, and wearing masks should be standardized. When the mask is deformed, wet or dirty, it needs to be replaced in time. Pay attention to hand hygiene, wash your hands with hand sanitizer or soap, or use antibacterial hand sanitizer. Take your temperature at least twice a day. Under normal circumstances, you don't need to wear protective clothing, masks and other protective equipment. If you have suspicious symptoms (such as fever, cough, sore throat, chest tightness, dyspnea, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, muscle aches, etc. ), should immediately stop working at home isolation or according to the condition of medical treatment.
(2) It is recommended to wear work clothes, disposable working caps, disposable gloves, disposable medical protective clothing, medical protective masks or dynamic air filter respirators, protective screens or goggles, work shoes or rubber boots, waterproof boot covers, etc. for isolation ward staff, medical observation place staff and suspected and confirmed case transfer personnel.
(3) For epidemiological investigators, when investigating close contacts, they should wear disposable working caps, medical surgical masks, work clothes and disposable gloves, and keep a distance of more than 1 m from the investigated objects. When investigating suspected and confirmed cases, it is recommended to wear overalls, disposable working caps, disposable gloves, disposable medical protective clothing, KN95/N95 or above particulate matter protective masks or medical protective masks, protective screens or goggles, work shoes or rubber boots, waterproof boots, etc. For suspected and confirmed cases, we can also consider using telephone or video streaming.
(4) For specimen collectors and biosafety laboratory staff, it is recommended to wear overalls, disposable working caps, double gloves, disposable medical protective clothing, KN95/N95 and above particulate protective masks or medical protective masks or electric air filter respirators, protective masks, work shoes or rubber boots and waterproof boots. Wear a waterproof apron or waterproof isolation gown if necessary.
(5) Environmental cleaning and disinfection personnel and corpse disposal personnel are advised to wear work clothes, disposable working caps, disposable gloves and long-sleeved thick rubber gloves, medical disposable protective clothing, KN95/N95 and above particulate matter protective masks or medical protective masks, work shoes or rubber boots, waterproof boot covers, waterproof aprons or waterproof isolation gown, etc. Environmental cleaning and disinfection personnel should choose the filter box or canister combining dust and poison according to the type of disinfectant when using the powered air supply filter respirator, and do a good job in the protection of chemicals such as disinfectant.
Guidelines on the use of pneumonia masks to prevent novel coronavirus infection
Masks are an important line of defense for respiratory infectious diseases, which can reduce the risk of novel coronavirus infection. The mask can not only prevent patients from spraying droplets, reduce the number and spraying speed of droplets, but also block droplet nuclei containing viruses and prevent the wearer from inhaling. According to the current understanding of the disease, this guide is formulated on how to use masks correctly.
First, the principle of wearing
The basic principles are scientific and reasonable wearing, standardized use and effective protection. Details are as follows:
(1) You don't need to wear a mask in an open and ventilated place in a non-epidemic area, but you need to wear a mask when you enter a crowded or closed public place.
(2) In areas with high epidemic incidence, it is recommended to wear disposable medical masks in open and ventilated places; When entering crowded or closed public places, wear medical surgical masks or particle protection masks.
(3) When going to a hospital with suspected symptoms, you need to wear a particulate protective mask or a medical protective mask without an exhalation valve.
(four) patients with basic respiratory diseases need to use protective masks under the guidance of doctors. Very young infants can't wear masks, which is easy to cause suffocation.
(5) Cotton masks, sponge masks and activated carbon masks have no protective effect on preventing virus infection.
Second, the recommended types and users of masks
(1) Disposable medical mask: It is recommended that the public use it in public places where crowds are not crowded.
(2) Medical surgical mask: The protective effect is better than disposable medical mask, and it is recommended to be worn by suspected cases, drivers of public transport companies, taxi drivers, sanitation workers and service personnel in public places.
(3) Protective masks for particles of KN95/N95 and above: The protective effect is better than that of medical surgical masks and disposable medical masks. It is recommended for field investigation, sampling and testing personnel, and can also be worn by the public in highly crowded places or closed public places.
(4) Medical protective mask: It is recommended to be worn by medical staff in fever clinics and isolation wards, as well as by confirmed patients when they are transferred to hospital.
Third, the principles of handling masks after use
(1) The masks worn by healthy people have no risk of transmission in novel coronavirus. In general, when the masks are deformed, wet or dirty, resulting in a decline in protective performance, they should be replaced. Masks used by healthy people can be treated according to the requirements of domestic waste classification.
(two) masks worn by suspected cases or confirmed patients shall not be discarded at will, and shall be regarded as medical waste, which shall be treated in strict accordance with the relevant procedures of medical waste and shall not enter the circulation market.
Four, children wearing masks standards and precautions
Suggest that children choose GB2626-2006? KN95, and marked with children's or teenagers' particulate matter protective mask products. Children should pay attention to the following items when using masks:
(1) Before wearing, children should carefully read and correctly understand the instructions with the help of their parents, so as to master the correct use of respiratory protective equipment;
(2) Parents should always pay attention to wearing children's masks. If children feel uncomfortable while wearing masks, they should adjust or stop using them in time;
(3) Because children's faces are too small to fit the edges of adult masks completely, it is not recommended for children to wear adult masks with elastic requirements.