This is because the air is dry and cold in winter and the weather is changeable, which will stimulate the respiratory mucosa, cause damage and reduce the human defense function. At this time, bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms can easily invade the respiratory tract and induce respiratory diseases.
For ordinary people, breathing is a very common thing, but for patients with airway compression, breathing smoothly has become a "great difficulty."
Central airway stenosis
The central airway is narrow. Have you ever heard of this disease? What are its symptoms? How to diagnose?
What is central airway stenosis?
In normal people, the diameter of trachea is about 18-20mm, and the diameter of bronchus is about 13- 15mm. Central bronchial stenosis (CAO) refers to the stenosis caused by the lesions of trachea, bilateral main bronchi and right middle bronchi. The central airway is the main ventilation channel. Once blocked, it will cause obvious clinical symptoms. To sum up, it is mainly manifested in different degrees of dyspnea.
What are the symptoms of central airway stenosis?
It is related to the degree, location and etiology of stenosis.
Patients with mild stenosis may have no obvious clinical symptoms or cough, expectoration or hemoptysis.
Patients with moderate and severe stenosis have shortness of breath, dyspnea and poor expectoration;
Patients with extremely severe stenosis may be life-threatening due to airway obstruction at any time.
The most serious harm of central airway stenosis is airway asphyxia, which seriously threatens the life of patients and also leads to obstructive pneumonia, atelectasis and respiratory failure.
How to diagnose central airway stenosis?
The diagnosis can be made by combining the patient's medical history, clinical symptoms, signs, chest imaging, lung function and bronchoscopy, especially bronchoscopy.
Bronchoscopic interventional therapy
If there is airway stenosis and difficulty breathing, how to achieve "free breathing"? Experts introduced us to bronchoscope interventional therapy.
Advantages of bronchoscopic interventional therapy
Bronchoscope interventional therapy has a very good therapeutic effect on benign lesions with stenosis and obstruction in bronchial cavity, which can avoid the pain of operation, the loss of lung function and some complications caused by thoracotomy.
Bronchoscope interventional therapy technology is suitable for the treatment of tracheal and bronchial diseases, including benign tumors and malignant tumors, as well as airway stenosis and obstruction caused by various reasons (inflammation, tuberculosis, foreign bodies, surgery, etc.). ).
For the public.
① Endobronchial tumors, especially those with airway obstruction;
② Those who are not suitable for surgical treatment because of their old age, poor cardiopulmonary function or other reasons.
Prognostic effect
Benign tumors can be cured by bronchoscopy.
Benign tumors can be cured, including lipomas and hamartomas. Tracheal stenosis caused by tracheal intubation and tracheotomy is a benign cause, and airway treatment can also provide a good method.
Buy time for radiotherapy and chemotherapy of malignant tumor
At present, the indications of tracheal stent implantation are gradually expanding. Stent implantation in the treatment of tracheal stenosis caused by malignant tumor has won time and opportunity for patients with subsequent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and has important clinical value and significance for improving the quality of life of patients with advanced malignant tumor.
How to prevent upper respiratory tract infection in winter
So, how can we spend the winter as safely as possible? Is there any good way to prevent respiratory diseases?
Clever use of dried tangerine peel to resolve phlegm
The peels of many citrus plants have expectorant effects, such as tangerine peel and exocarpium citri grandis.
& gt& gt& gt& gt
Dried orange peel
Pericarpium Citri Tangerinae is warm, belonging to lung and spleen meridians, and has the effects of invigorating spleen, eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm. Chinese medicine believes that the spleen is the source of phlegm, and it is not easy to produce phlegm by activating qi and drying dampness through dried tangerine peel.
The sputum that has been produced often stays in the lung orifices, and dried tangerine peel can eliminate phlegm, making the sputum in the lung orifices easy to cough up. Therefore, it can not only reduce the production of phlegm, but also eliminate phlegm, and the two functions are combined into one. It is a medicine for eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm.
& gt& gt& gt& gt
shaddock
Exocarpium Citri Grandis is warm and dry, which has the effects of dispelling cold and dampness, benefiting qi and eliminating diseases, relieving cough, strengthening spleen and promoting digestion, and is known as "Southern Ginseng". Exocarpium Citri Grandis used as medicine, which began in the early Qing Dynasty and was famous during the Qianlong period. Because of its outstanding expectorant and antitussive effects, it is listed as a royal tribute, so it is called "a piece of orange is a piece of gold".
In addition, two kinds of Chinese herbal medicines can also be cooked with some flowers, such as chrysanthemum, hawksbill flower and rose. This is because flowers have the function of aromatic circulation of qi, and with Chinese herbal medicines for invigorating spleen, eliminating dampness and resolving phlegm, it is beneficial to help breathe smoothly.
Second, eat medicated diet to moisten the lungs and replenish qi.
Chinese medicine says that "the spleen governs inhalation, the kidney governs inhalation, and the lung governs exhalation". The three trachea of human body, namely lung, spleen and kidney, are closely related. Therefore, keeping breathing smoothly also needs to regulate our internal organs. You can eat some foods that moisten the lungs and replenish qi in your daily diet, such as yam and astragalus.
Yam chicken soup
food
Old hen, yam, onion ginger, cooking wine, salt.
working methods
① Processing ingredients: cut peeled yam into hob blocks, cut ginger into chunks, cut onion into long segments, and wash chicken in advance and cut into pieces for later use; (Three yellow chickens, old hens and cocks are all ok)
(2) blanching: add a lot of clear water to the non-stick pan, put the chicken pieces in cold water, blanch with cooking wine, and skim off the floating foam after boiling. It should be noted that boiling water must be boiled with cold water, so that the blood can be washed clean;
③ Boiling: Put the yam into the casserole, then add the onion, ginger slices and a little edible salt to supplement the bottom taste. After the fire boils, cover and simmer for 30 minutes (the old hen takes longer), then season with salt for the second time, cover and simmer for 5- 10 minutes.
Pay attention to cold and warmth when going out.
When the weather is cold, if you don't pay attention, you will get cold air into your body and cause upper respiratory tract infection. So when you go out, you must do a good job of keeping warm. Besides wearing some cold-proof clothes, you should also wear scarves and hats to reduce the heat emitted by your body.
In addition, winter is also the season of high incidence of asthma. For asthma patients, it is most important to prevent cold air from entering the airway and causing convulsions. Wear a mask when going out, do personal protection, and don't stay in cold places for a long time.
If central airway stenosis or dyspnea often occurs, it is necessary to seek medical treatment in time, early detection, early intervention and early treatment.
No matter what the disease is, it is extremely important to prevent it in advance, and appropriate defense can avoid the pain caused by the disease. I hope everyone can remember these tips and spend the cold winter safely and healthily.