Traditional Chinese medicine recognized the existence of human meridians in ancient times and established the meridian theory. In the long history, people have observed that the human body has the twelve meridians, which is distributed all over the body and connects the internal organs with the exoskeleton of the limbs. Of course, the human hand is also the place where the meridians meet. Like other biological groups, hands also store all the information of the whole image. Since ancient times, people have used the exposed window hand to peep at the biological changes of the human body to understand its health status. Ancient physicians in ancient Rome, India and China used palm reading to find diseases, and accumulated rich experience in the long historical process. Observing hands and distinguishing diseases is an effective method of self-examination of diseases, and there are also certain medical reasons. Of course, it is unrealistic to think that all minor changes in diseases can be detected by palm reading, or to put it on the same level as modern advanced diagnostic instruments. However, a detailed observation of the changes in the shape, color, texture and functional state of the human hand can objectively understand a person's physical health, and this skill should be well used to identify diseases and make early health predictions.
Watch pointer color
The color of skin is closely related to the nutritional status of skin, subcutaneous tissue and blood vessels, and the color of hands and palms can also reflect the status of skin, subcutaneous tissue and subcutaneous blood flow, so it is of certain medical significance to observe the color of hands. Normal people's hands are bright in color, and their palms are reddish or pink, moist and bright, elastic and even in color. The color of human hands is also regular.
Changes, such as bright palm color and rich blood supply when young. With the increase of age, its color gradually increases. Until the elderly, the color of the palm becomes less fresh and shiny, and sometimes it becomes rough, which is the result of natural aging of the skin and has nothing to do with the disease. Different people, different races and different workers also have some subtle changes in the color of their hands. Once the normal color and moisture are lost, it is considered that there may be a disease. Here are some commonly observed colors:
1, yellow
The palm is light yellow and shiny, which is the normal color in China. The weight gain of that yellow color was compare with that of normal yellow color. The appearance of yellow indicates that the blood contained in human subcutaneous blood vessels is reduced, or the blood is not full, or it is an external manifestation of skin malnutrition. If the palm skin is yellow, there may be some chronic diseases, such as chronic atrophic gastritis, chronic anemia, chronic colitis, malnutrition and so on. If the palm is pale yellow, but the skin becomes hard, tough, inelastic, smooth and dry, more attention should be paid to congenital dominant chromosome abnormalities and whether there is any abnormality in the development of children's external genitalia, such as whether the testicular development of boys is too small and the penis is too short. And ask if there is a similar situation in the family, and suggest going to the hospital for chromosome examination; The skin on the palm of your hand is ten yellow, or grayish yellow, with no luster. At the same time, we can also see that the skin of the palm and other parts of the body is yellow, dark and dull, indicating that there are bile drainage obstacles in the human body, such as chronic biliary tract, bile duct stenosis, gallbladder, common bile duct cancer, pancreatic head cancer and so on. Bile excretion is blocked, and bile accumulates in the body for a long time, resulting in ten yellows; Or some visceral tumors in the late stage, long-term chronic poisoning, the palm can also be yellow; Golden yellow, bright yellow and gorgeous palms are more common in patients with early liver diseases, such as acute icteric infectious hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury. Therefore, when you find that your palm is golden yellow, you should seek medical advice in time and make a diagnosis in time.
2. Red
The palm turns red, indicating that the subcutaneous blood supply of the palm is sufficient and the blood flow is increased. The color of the palm is more than the reddish and pink of ordinary people, indicating the existence and development of the disease. If the palm color is too red or brilliant red, it indicates that there is a tendency of hypertension, hypertensive crisis and cerebral hemorrhage, especially if there are symptoms of hypertension in the past and it is found that the palm turns red or the palm has a burning sensation, which may be a harbinger of cerebral hemorrhage, so it should be handled in time to prevent accidents; If the palm of your hand was originally red, it has now turned into deep purple, which means that the subcutaneous blood vessels in the palm of your hand were originally full, but the blood rheology slowed down and the blood oxygen saturation in the blood vessels decreased, which is deep purple. This is a dangerous sign that a heart attack has occurred or the condition is critical. At this time, the patient should be rescued and treated as soon as possible, and don't move around to prevent sudden death.
3. White (last name)
This color indicates poor blood supply to the hand, insufficient blood flow under the skin or low hemoglobin. Different parts of the palm and finger skin are white or pale, which also indicates different disease groups. For example, the skin of the palm is pale and white, which is common in anemia, blood system diseases, chronic hemorrhagic diseases and malnutrition diseases. The skin color of the palm turns white again, which may be lung disease or infectious disease in the body; Pale index finger suggests hepatobiliary diseases; Pale middle finger suggests cardiovascular disease; The pallor of the ring finger indicates renal and reproductive dysfunction; Pale little finger, digestive tract dysfunction.
4. Purple
Dark red palms or purple spots are common in liver diseases, such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases; Violent eruption is the manifestation of blood stasis in the palm, which indicates that the blood supply in this part is damaged, and it is common in critically ill patients such as severe infection, heart failure and shock.
5. Green (surname); green
Palm skin is green, more common in anemia and gastrointestinal diseases, such as indigestion, chronic diarrhea, aplastic anemia and so on. Turquoise represents cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, Takayasu arteritis, atherosclerosis and myocarditis.
6. Black
Black indicates kidney diseases, such as chronic nephritis and uremia. In short, observing the color changes of human hand skin can also help us understand the disease.
Look at the form by hand
Although the shape of human hands has evolved for millions of years, the shape has not changed much, which refers to the overall shape of palms and fingers. The shape of a person's hand is constantly changing for each individual, but it is not easy for a careless person to notice it. This small shape change can predict diseases, and people who are good at using it will benefit a lot.
1, bending
Normal people's fingers are flexible and flexible. When suffering from certain diseases, the normal movement of fingers will be hindered. At the same time, the bending changes of different fingers can also indicate different diseases, such as thumb movement failure, not easy to bend, suggesting hypertension, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and so on; Deflection of index finger and enlargement of knuckles indicate the existence of spleen and stomach diseases and hepatobiliary diseases; The deflection of the middle finger indicates the dysfunction of the heart and small intestine; The head of the ring finger is crooked, suggesting urinary system diseases; Lateral curvature of the little finger suggests digestive tract dysfunction.
Step 2 stick fingers
Clubbing means that the ends of fingers are thick and clubbed and look like drumsticks. It is due to pulmonary ventilation dysfunction, low blood oxygen saturation and long-term chronic stimulation, which leads to the proliferation of connective tissue at the fingertip and causes clubbed finger swelling. Common in emphysema, pulmonary suppuration, tuberculosis, congenital tetralogy of Fallot, bronchiectasis, cor pulmonale, silicosis, pneumoconiosis, cirrhosis and other diseases.
3, finger swelling
This kind of swelling is non-inflammatory, with natural color, simple swelling, no redness and no pain. The reason is that acromegaly with muscular tendon atrophy and dyskinesia can indicate collagen system diseases, such as lupus erythematosus and progressive muscular atrophy. The other is finger joint swelling, which is obvious in the middle and not obvious at both ends, that is, spindle swelling, often accompanied by swelling and pain of adjacent joints and flexion and extension disorders, indicating the existence of rheumatoid activity.
4. Fat and thin
Normal people's palms and fingers are fat and thin, and their movements are barrier-free For example, they feel their fingers are thick and swollen in the morning, or they feel swollen and hard, suggesting that they have kidney diseases, such as chronic nephritis and chronic pyelonephritis. If the whole palm is swollen and thickened, the fingers are short and thick, accompanied by frontal bone, mandible and frontal bone protrusion, suggesting the possibility of pituitary adenoma; Too thin fingers and palms are not only caused by dehydration of gastrointestinal diseases, but also muscle atrophy caused by neurotrophic disorders such as cervical spondylosis, spinal nerve, cranial nerve and ulnar nerve injury, accompanied by finger and wrist dyskinesia.
5. Dyskinesia
There is an inherent movement between fingers and palms, and the normal state is flexibility and dexterity. You can also measure diseases by observing their static and dynamic shapes. For example, when resting, open your arms, close your eyes, and let ordinary people's hands and arms straighten or move slightly. Neurasthenia, lateral sclerosis of spinal cord, hyperthyroidism and severe cerebrovascular diseases may cause finger trembling, body shaking and unstable standing. If there is ulnar and radial nerve injury, or limb paralysis caused by cerebrovascular disease, unable to exercise, or wrist drooping, finger deformities appears.
Hand shape
Palmprint is the texture of the hand, which is divided into fingerprint and palmprint. People's fingerprints are varied and ever-changing, and everyone is different. There are no identical handprints in the world. The bending of hand print is closely related to the physiological and pathological changes of human body, which can reflect the health status of human body and can also be used as a window to spy on diseases.
First, the hand shape of normal people.
1, barrel type. The fingerprint is shaped like a bucket, round or spiral, with a fork at the lower left and a fork at the lower right.
2. The shape of the pattern. Shaped like a dustpan, it is open on the left and right, and there is only one fork. The styles of dustpan can be divided into ruler dustpan and scraping dustpan.
3. Bow pattern. That is, the fingerprint is arched, and the fingerprint is arched across the fingertip at different heights. There is no trident, which is a feature of its arch pattern.
Second, the shape of normal people's palm prints.
1, palm fold. People's palm folds are also called transverse folds, which are divided into telecentric transverse folds, proximal transverse folds and thenar transverse folds.
2.atd angle: In the palm of a person, except the thumb, there is one at the base of the knuckle of four fingers? y？ T-shaped trident, called A, B, C and D from index finger to little finger, has obvious inversion near the wrist. y？ Trident, what do people call it? t？ . Then connect the trigeminal lines a, t and d with a line, and then what? t？ Parts can form an included angle of ~, which can be measured with a protractor, and the degree of the included angle can be measured. Generally, the normal person's angle is less than 40 degrees, and greater than 40 degrees is regarded as abnormal. But in general, this atd angle does not change much, and each individual is slightly different. The most obvious change is congenital abnormality. If you have chromosomal abnormalities, the number of atd angles increases obviously, so this angle is very meaningful for the presence or absence of chromosomal abnormalities.
Third, fingerprint abnormality and disease differentiation.
It is limited to reflecting people's health status through fingerprints, and it is mainly a congenital dysplasia disease.
1, the number of barrels increases. There are as many as 8 ~ 10 in fingerprints, so chromosome diseases should be considered first, such as primary ovarian insufficiency syndrome with short stature, primary amenorrhea, underdeveloped genital skin, low ovarian function and infertility. There is also a disease called meowing syndrome. The patient's barrel line is as high as 8 ~ 10, and the atd angle is greater than 60 degrees. The external morphology of this kind of patients is round face, large eye spacing, squint, swollen skin in the inner corner of the eye, small chin and crying like a cat.
2. The number of lines has increased. For example, the number of rulers and dustpans is increasing, and half of the fourth and fifth fingers are scratching the dustpan. The atd angle is greater than 60 degrees, and the palmprint is through, which is more common in children with congenital stupidity. The external manifestations of this disease are often half-open, often with tongue sticking out, small eye fissure, wide eye distance, mental retardation and slow development. In addition, the fingerprints of ten fingers are dustpan-shaped and palmprint, accompanied by familial mental retardation, which is also a characteristic of congenital hereditary diseases. Other diseases are also seen in diabetes, psoriasis, congenital glaucoma and so on. In short, the abnormal appearance of fingerprints. It shows that the existence of hereditary diseases, the obvious increase of bucket lines and dustpan lines is related to congenital developmental abnormalities. It can be seen that it is of great significance to check the fingerprint and distinguish whether there are congenital chromosomal abnormalities for early detection of abnormalities and avoiding human descendants as much as possible. Fingerprints have various shapes, but they also have certain rules. Any fingerprint abnormality caused by chromosome abnormality has the following characteristics: the number of bucket-shaped lines or double dustpan-shaped lines runs through the hand lines, the atd angle is greater than 60 degrees, the number of arch-shaped lines increases, and the ring finger and little finger are inverted dustpan-shaped lines.
4. Abnormal palmprint and disease identification.
1, abnormal lateral bending near the heart. More tips about suffering from neurological and mental diseases. If the transverse curve near the heart finally reaches the lower end of the ring finger, big eyes appear here, which indicates brain disease; The transverse curve near the heart has different thickness or is cut off, suggesting that cerebral hemorrhage will occur; The lateral bending line near the heart is weak and shallow, suggesting brain diseases; When the transverse curve near the heart is obviously wavy, it shows that it has nervous system diseases; Black spots or spots on the transverse curve near the heart indicate brain tumors and so on. It can be seen that most of the anomalies on the transverse curve near the heart indicate diseases of the brain and nerves.
2. Abnormal telecentric lateral curvature. Prescriptions for heart and blood circulation are recommended for many diseases. For example, the telecentric transverse curve is cut straight by two short and straight thick lines under the ring finger, which often indicates hypertension; When the hairy dotted line appears at the lower end of the telecentric transverse arc, it indicates that it has cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases; Telecentric transverse bending line fracture, if under the middle finger or ring finger, and the fracture is large, suggests circulatory and respiratory diseases; Telecentric transverse bend is light and twisted in a wavy shape, with cuts. Between telecentric transverse bend and proximal transverse bend or thenar bend, the diagonal line in the center of the mouth root indicates that you have heart disease.
3. Abnormal transverse curve of thenar. Mostly manifested in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. For example, the end of the lateral curve of thenar is like a river line, and some palms are cross-shaped, which often suggests heart disease; The transverse thenar curve is suddenly cut off at the end, suggesting that cerebral hemorrhage will occur; Or the thenar transverse bending lines are shallow and light, or the thenar transverse bending lines, the distal transverse bending lines and the proximal transverse bending lines all have brown small pieces, which will not fade when pressed by hand, suggesting that cerebral hemorrhage will occur. Abnormal thenar transverse curvature can also indicate other diseases. If the thenar transverse curve widens, it indicates chronic diarrhea; The thenar transverse curve is not arc-shaped, but straight downward or wavy, suggesting diabetes; There is a small opening at the end of thenar transverse bend, which indicates rheumatism.