Stress and Mental Health Paper 1: Research on Stress and Mental Health of College Students
College students, a seemingly relaxed group, are actually under great pressure. Under the pressure of study, life, emotion and employment, the mental health of college students has been in a hurry. Bloody facts are constantly warning us to pay attention to the psychological health of college students. Based on the author's work, this paper studies and analyzes the stress and mental health of college students, hoping to give some suggestions to colleagues engaged in our work.
College students; Stress; Mental health; hire
In recent years, the media has been reporting various psychological problems among college students due to various pressures. The survey shows that the proportion of abnormal mental health status of college students is as high as 18.58%, which is obviously higher than the national average level of abnormal mental health status. Some psychologists and educators call this group of people college students? Psychologically disadvantaged groups? . In this regard, schools, families and society are all looking for countermeasures to relieve the pressure of college students and help them solve mental health problems. Research shows that it is very important for college students to adopt their own coping methods and strategies in the face of pressure. If the method is proper, it will effectively relieve the pressure; if the method is improper, it will have a reaction or a negative impact.
First, the status of college students' mental health
In recent years, many scholars have investigated and studied the mental health of college students by various methods. The results show that the mental health status of contemporary college students in China is not satisfactory. A considerable number of students have different degrees of mental health problems, and some have already appeared very serious psychological obstacles. A large number of oral surveys show that college students are facing great psychological pressure. Most students want to communicate with others. What if teachers and medical workers make full use of it? Chatting is a method that allows students to open the window of their hearts, so that many problems suppressed in their hearts can be confided and communicated and solved in time and effectively. It is conducive to solving psychological problems in time and promoting the development of healthy personality. In addition, there have been many incidents of college students jumping off buildings because of psychological problems, and the mental health problems of contemporary college students have aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. This not only poses a severe test for China's higher education, but also has a serious adverse impact on building a harmonious society.
Second, the causes of psychological problems of college students
College students' self-development stage is easy to cause psychological problems. College students are in their youth, and there are mainly the following contradictions in their psychological development during this period: First, the contradiction between being full of lofty aspirations and lacking practical experience. Contemporary college students are ambitious and worry about the country and the people. However, college students often hesitate between ideal and reality because they have not really stepped onto the society and lack of understanding of reality, and psychological problems have arisen over time. Secondly, the contradiction between asking others to respect others and respecting others by yourself. Many college students are eager to be recognized by others, do not like others' interference and criticism, but lack respect for others. Some college students are self-centered, which leads to the personality defect of being pretentious and vain. Third, the contradiction between independent and critical thinking and weak ability of identification and self-discipline. The independence and criticism of college students' thinking are further enhanced, but their dialectical thinking is not profound, their ability to distinguish right from wrong is not keen enough, and their self-control ability needs to be developed. Therefore, college students often encounter setbacks and contradictions in society and life, which will lead to psychological problems if not handled well. Social environment factors lead to college students' psychological problems. The diversification of social thoughts, the intensification of competition and the acceleration of the pace of life make people feel a sense of urgency, pressure and psychological distance. Many students did well in middle school. Focus on training and protection? After entering the university, I lost this advantage and status, which led to psychological imbalance. Parents are eager for their children's success, demanding that their children only pay attention to their studies and neglect the cultivation of other abilities, which leads to some students' lazy life, lack of discipline, poor self-care ability and weak ability to resist pressure.
Third, the countermeasure analysis of college students' mental health
Fan Fumin, a professor in Tsinghua University, pointed out that there is a high degree of positive correlation between self-concept and mental health, indicating that cultivating college students' positive self-concept is an effective way to strengthen the prevention of college students' mental health and reduce the occurrence of mental diseases. Fan Fumin pointed out: From a macro perspective, there are two main research methods of college students' mental health in China. First, theoretical research methods, mainly studying the content and mode of college students' mental health education; The second is empirical research method, which mainly studies the mental health status of college students and the relationship between personality, self-concept and mental health of college students. In order to effectively help college students grow up healthily, we should do the following:
(1) Actively guide and adopt a positive coping style, and avoid adopting a negative coping style. Because in the face of pressure, how to correctly understand and adopt what attitude, how to correctly treat setbacks and how to deal with them are often the key factors for students to face problems and difficulties. Therefore, it is necessary to help students analyze the causes of stress, self-understand, self-educate, eliminate interference and educate students? The more difficult it is, the more forward it is. Be a strong man in life. Without an understanding of stress and dilemma, they will be at a loss. To make matters worse, some students have a negative attitude towards the difficulties they face, which often leads to bad consequences. This also inspires us to think about whether it is appropriate to set up a student vent room in a university in southwest China, which caused a heated discussion on the Internet a few days ago. The key lies in whether the relevant workers have given necessary guidance to the service users in the early or late stage. According to the results of this study, mental health education should be strengthened from three aspects to meet the diverse needs of college students.
(2) It is necessary and meaningful to carry out the work suitable for different periods, such as during enrollment, before examination, before graduation, before internship or thesis defense. Such as psychological counseling before the exam, thematic debates, special class meetings, knowledge lectures or sports competitions, and other comprehensive and diversified activities to ease and overcome anxiety. These measures or channels undoubtedly train students how to eliminate stress, and can also effectively prevent the more serious consequences that stress may bring.
(3) For student groups, we should analyze specific problems. According to the research results, there are obvious differences in the pressure of students of different types, levels and disciplines; Students of different grades and sexes also have obvious differences in stress. Pay attention to the differences between boys and girls in stress, health and coping strategies. For example, girls are easier to use? Emotional orientation? Coping strategies, and boys are more likely to adopt them? Problem solved? Coping strategy orientation and so on. In order to grasp the actual situation of stress, mental health and coping strategies of students with different characteristics more carefully and accurately, and formulate more effective and targeted educational methods.
Four. Concluding remarks
In short, college workers should study and pay attention to the stress situation of college students as comprehensively as possible, and guide them to adopt positive coping strategies. Colleges and universities should speed up the development of psychological counseling. Prevention is more important than cure? ; What should be the basis of psychological education? Adapt to individual differences? In principle, we should give individual guidance and help to students and groups with poor debugging ability under pressure, encourage them to participate in psychological counseling, and enable them to master some effective coping strategies and methods to prevent excessive pressure; At the same time, it is necessary to further improve and perfect the working system of mental health education, take classroom teaching and extracurricular guidance as the main channels and basic links of mental health education, and form a mental health education network and working system that closely combines in-class and out-of-class, educational guidance and consultation and self-help, so as to enhance the effectiveness and pertinence and promote the healthy growth of students.
References:
[1] Thank you. Reliability and Validity of Simplified Coping Scale [J]. China Journal of Clinical Psychology, 20 12.
[2] Wang Jianzhong. A study on students' psychological quality and mental health in Peking University [J]. Tsinghua University Education Research, 20 13.
Stress and mental health Part II: Analysis of mental health and stress management of higher vocational students.
Abstract: With the rapid development of society and the increasing employment competition, higher vocational students are facing more and more pressures from all sides, resulting in more and more psychological unhealthy problems. This paper studies and analyzes the mental health problems of higher vocational students from the perspective of mental health and stress management, so that every higher vocational student can become a mentally healthy person.
Keywords: higher vocational students; Mental health; Psychologically unhealthy; stress management
First, the status of mental health of vocational students
Mental health means that all kinds of psychological activities are normal, the relationship is coordinated, the content is consistent with reality, and the personality is in a relatively stable state. To identify whether a vocational college student is mentally healthy, we only need to see whether the process of his basic psychological activities is complete and coordinated, that is, whether his cognition, emotion, will, behavior and personality are complete and coordinated, and whether he can adapt to and keep up with the society. If so, this vocational college student is mentally healthy, otherwise it is psychologically unhealthy or even psychologically abnormal.
According to various survey data and statistics, psychological problems such as inferiority, autism, lack of self-confidence, difficulty in concentration, anxiety, paranoia, distrust of others are common among higher vocational students in China. There are many reasons, most of which are due to the fact that higher vocational students are not fully mature and do not know how to deal with various realistic pressures in the complex world. The mental health problems of higher vocational students will lead to the decline of learning efficiency, which will seriously lead to the tragedy of self-harm. Therefore, paying attention to and attaching importance to the psychological health of students in higher vocational colleges is a subject that cannot be ignored by higher vocational education administrators at all levels, which is directly related to the training quality of high-skilled talents in higher vocational colleges and the overall situation of campus harmony and stability.
Second, the criteria for judging the mental health of higher vocational students
1. Normal intelligence.
Normal intelligence is the most basic psychological condition of normal life and the primary standard of mental health. The International Classification of Diseases proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) regards mental retardation or retardation as a psychological disorder and abnormal behavior.
2. Be good at coordinating and controlling emotions and be happy.
People with mental health can always maintain a happy, cheerful, confident and satisfied mood, be good at finding fun from life and be full of hope for life. More importantly, good emotional stability.
3. Have a strong will.
A healthy will has the following characteristics: clear and reasonable purpose and high consciousness; Good at analyzing the situation and being decisive; Strong will, perseverance and strong psychological endurance; Good self-control, not only has the firmness of realistic goals, but also can restrain the desire, motivation, emotion and behavior that interfere with the realization of goals, and does not indulge willfulness.
4. Harmonious interpersonal relationship.
Its performance: first, it is willing to communicate with people, with stable and extensive interpersonal relationships and bosom friends; Second, maintain an independent and complete personality in communication, have self-knowledge and be neither humble nor supercilious; Third, we can objectively evaluate others, make up for our own shortcomings with people's strengths, be lenient with others, live in harmony and be helpful; Fourth, there are more positive attitudes than negative attitudes in communication.
5. Actively adapt to and transform the environment to maintain the integrity and health of personality.
The ultimate goal of mental health is to maintain the integrity of personality and cultivate a sound personality. The integrity and health of personality means that all structural elements of personality have no obvious defects and deviations, have clear self-awareness, do not produce confusion of self-identity, and have relatively complete and unified psychological characteristics.
Third, the types of mental health of vocational students
Before classifying the types of mental health, we should first make clear the differences and connections among normal psychology, mental health, unhealthy psychology and abnormal psychology. Mental health and mental unhealthy belong to normal psychology, not abnormal psychology. Mental disorder, diagnosed neuroticism and personality abnormality all belong to abnormal psychology. Neuropathy and neurosis are two types of abnormal psychology.
1. The first kind of general psychological problems of vocational college students' mental health.
To diagnose vocational college students as general psychological problems, the following conditions must be met:
(1) Due to real life, work pressure, mistakes and other factors, inner conflicts occur, and thus negative emotions (such as boredom, regret, remorse, etc.) are experienced. );
(2) The bad mood lasts for one month without interruption, or the bad mood lasts for two months intermittently and still cannot be solved by itself;
(3) Negative emotional reaction is still under a reasonable control, and can always maintain normal behavior, basically maintain normal life, study and social interaction, but the efficiency has declined;
(4) From beginning to end, the stimulating factors of bad emotions are limited to the initial events; Even other events related to the original event will not cause such bad feelings.
? General psychological problems? It is a kind of psychological unhealthy state that is stimulated by realistic factors, lasts for a short time, and the emotional response can be controlled by reason, which does not seriously damage social function and the emotional response is not universal.
2. The second kind of serious psychological problems of vocational college students' mental health.
What is the diagnosis of higher vocational students? Psychological disorder? Or? Serious psychological problems? , the following conditions must be met:
(1)? Serious psychological disorder? The reason is that relatively strong realistic stimuli threaten individuals. Due to psychological barriers caused by different reasons, the clients will experience different painful emotions (such as regret, grievance, loss, anger, sadness, etc. );
(2) From the onset of painful emotions, the painful emotions continue intermittently or uninterruptedly for more than two months and less than half a year;
(3) The greater the stimulus intensity, the stronger the response. In most cases, it will temporarily lose rational control; In the subsequent duration, the pain can gradually weaken, but simply rely on? Natural development? Or? Unprofessional intervention? , but it is difficult to get rid of; It has a certain degree of influence on life, work and social interaction.
(4) Pain can be caused not only by the initial stimulus, but also by the stimulus similar to and related to the initial stimulus, that is, the reaction object is generalized.
? Serious psychological problems? It is a kind of mental unhealthy state with strong initial emotional response, long duration and comprehensive content under the stimulation of relatively strong realistic factors.
3. Psychological problems of the third kind of neurosis in higher vocational college students.
The third mental unhealthy state of higher vocational students is close to neurasthenia or neurosis, or the early stage of neurasthenia or neurosis itself. Higher vocational students with such psychological problems may have to be sent to a psychotherapist in a mental hospital for treatment.
Fourth, the main factors affecting the mental health of higher vocational students.
A philosopher once said: As long as there are human beings, there is pressure? . Pressure is everywhere, especially since mankind entered the information age. With the rapid development of science and technology and the acceleration of social rhythm, people's survival pressure has increased and the degree of competition has become increasingly fierce. People are under unprecedented pressure in their study, work and life. People's life happiness index seems to be declining day by day. In recent years, the number of people suffering from sub-health psychological unhealthy and sub-health state in China is unprecedentedly high. Through research, medical workers in China found that 60% of China people, that is, about 700 million China people, are in sub-health state. These people can study, work and live normally, but their quality of life is poor, their work efficiency is low, and they are extremely tired, accompanied by loss of appetite, insomnia, forgetfulness, restlessness, and anxiety. Most of these symptoms are caused by stress. There are many sources of stress, such as employment pressure, occupational pressure, economic pressure and emotional pressure, which affect people's psychological activities and mental health all the time. Stress naturally becomes the main factor affecting mental health. At present, higher vocational students are facing many pressures, such as economic pressure, academic pressure, employment pressure, social pressure, roommate relationship, lover relationship and so on. These pressures are the main factors that affect the mental health of vocational college students. These pressures, if handled properly, can be transformed into motivation for study or work. If not handled well, it will lead to mental health or mental illness.
Stress and mental health Part III: The relationship between stress and mental health of college students.
With the rapid economic development and social progress in China, people pay more and more attention to the mental health of college students. Because college students are under various pressures, these pressures have brought great difficulties to their healthy growth. It has become the top priority to find out the pressure faced by college students and put forward corresponding solutions to the problems. This paper analyzes the pressure faced by college students, including the pressure in life, the problems in study, the difficulties in job hunting and the pressure brought by the times, and then puts forward corresponding countermeasures, hoping to help college students solve difficulties, establish good mental health awareness, enhance their ability to resist pressure, and solve various puzzles in study and life, so as to promote college students? Moral, intellectual, physical and artistic work? all-round development
Keywords: college students' stress mental health countermeasures
As builders of socialist modernization, college students will inevitably encounter various pressures. However, not all stress has a negative effect. College students also need to make proper use of the role of pressure, deeply stimulate their consciousness and potential, and make themselves stronger and more adaptable to society. Through field investigation and development, the environment in which college students live and grow up has changed greatly. The life rhythm and growth space of college students, including the groups they contact, are also very different from those in previous years. At the same time, they have to face the double pressure from their studies and employment, and the influence of complex interpersonal relationships around them will inevitably lead to greater mental stress. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to identify the main stressors that affect college students' mental health, understand the overall situation of college students' mental health, explore the influence of social psychological factors on college students' mental health, actively discover the influence on college students' mental health, balance the relationship between stress and mental health, and help college students establish a healthy attitude to cope with stress.
1 Major pressures faced by college students in the new era
1. 1 Life is difficult
The pressure of college students in daily life comes from the following aspects: First, they are afraid of disappointing their parents' expectations. Influenced by traditional ideas, parents have high expectations for their children, and all kinds of behaviors of college students are strictly controlled, which leads students to give up their lifestyle under the pressure of their parents. Second, the burden brought by the rapid rise in prices has greatly increased the cost of living for students. For some poor students, this will bring them greater economic pressure. Under the pressure of life, they choose to take part-time jobs, which in turn affects their normal college life. Third, most college students are in their twenties and are in adolescence. They are mature, have physiological needs and are eager to establish relationships with the opposite sex. However, teachers and parents in the school don't want students to fall in love. Once boys and girls begin to communicate, they will often encounter some resistance from family and school, which will bring some pressure to college students' lives.
1.2 The pressure brought to college students by being forced to finish their studies
For any college student, learning is the first priority for students. In addition to completing the course content, they also need to complete additional learning tasks. For example, in today's competitive world, in order to make themselves more competitive in the job search process, students will take the initiative to take social examinations and attend training courses, constantly gilding themselves and creating some competitive advantages for themselves. In addition, some people often fail in academic performance because they participate in social practice too much. In order to graduate smoothly and get the diploma, these students are under greater pressure, especially when the exam comes, they study day and night. These study pressures have brought adverse effects on students' physical and mental health.
1.3 Problems encountered in the process of job selection
College students will face a problem after graduation, that is, employment. Today's society is a competitive society, and the requirements for college students are getting higher and higher. With the continuous development of market economy, the competition brought by the development of market economy has gradually shifted to the requirement of college students' ability, which has led to great pressure on students' employment. After graduation, students should choose suitable jobs, compete for posts and eliminate the fittest. In such a big environment, many graduates are physically and mentally exhausted and have great psychological pressure when looking for jobs. In addition, some students choose Beishangguang area or developed coastal areas where employment pressure is high, which will undoubtedly increase the difficulty of students' employment and further increase the competition intensity in these areas. These huge competitive employment pressures have brought great mental and psychological pressure to the graduating college students, making them lose their sense of security, and various psychological problems have followed.
1.4 the pressure of life years on college students.
The changes in the global political and economic situation have had a great influence on college students' thoughts. Today's society is in an era of rapid development, and knowledge is exploding. Students are faced with a lot of information. Students should not only learn and master the knowledge in books to complete their studies, but also keep up with the trend of the times, ensure full contact with all kinds of fresh knowledge, know what knowledge they should have and master the means to acquire knowledge, so as not to be eliminated by the development of the times. In addition, they should constantly cultivate their team spirit and innovative consciousness, and establish and perfect their own personality to meet the requirements of today's times.
2. Coping with pressure, the countermeasures of mental health education for college students in the new period.
2. 1 Conduct psychological counseling according to the actual situation of students.
Due to the limitation of objective conditions, many colleges and universities do not carry out related courses of mental health education for college students, and even less introduce psychological consultation and counseling projects into the daily curriculum construction of college students. Cultivating students' ability to resist stress and maintaining an optimistic attitude have a positive effect on students' resistance to stress in their study and life. Schools should, according to their own conditions, set up psychological counseling courses or self-care counseling rooms that meet the requirements of running schools, so that students can have one when they encounter difficulties. Output? Ensure the healthy growth of college students. In addition, it is necessary to carry out targeted mental health activities for college students, enhance their ability to resist stress, and exercise their self-adjustment, interpersonal skills, language expression and anti-frustration ability. At the same time, it should be noted that the development of mental health education curriculum should be hierarchical, not generalized, and curriculum education should be aimed at students of different grades.
2.2 Improve self-control ability and do a good job of self-regulation.
The self-control ability of college students plays a great role in relieving stress and self-regulation. Self-control means that college students can adjust themselves reasonably according to their own cognition, current state and mood. Because college students will encounter more or less various problems in campus life, these problems will bring certain psychological pressure to college students. Therefore, college students themselves must have certain pressure-bearing ability, constantly improve their self-control ability, reasonably control the influence of bad emotions on themselves, and prevent bad emotions from leading to out-of-control behavior. Most college students are competitive, easy to lose their rational control and make some regrets. Therefore, no matter what problems college students encounter, they should think with a rational mind and keep a good attitude. 2.3 Improve college students' stress awareness and psychological quality.
When the same event happens, different people may have different reactions to the event and different understandings, so the resulting sense of stress and cognition of stress will be different. At present, urban students' family conditions are relatively good, they grow up under the care of their parents, and their independent living ability is poor. Therefore, when encountering problems, it is easy to generate fear, which in turn leads to stress. Rural students, with poor family conditions, are under great pressure and easily nervous. Therefore, it is necessary to take different measures for different groups of college students to improve their cognitive ability, so that they can actively take effective measures when encountering emergencies. At the same time, according to the characteristics of students, we should educate students to correctly understand themselves, others and the environment, master scientific and reasonable self-evaluation standards, and set scientific and reasonable goals. Be ambitious and practical; Not only active struggle, but also contentment and emotional stability have improved the psychological quality of college students.
2.4 Schools, families and society work together to create a good environment for universities.
In addition to improving college students' ability to resist pressure and adjusting their psychology, it is also necessary to create a good environment for universities and reduce their pressure, which must rely on the writing and mutual cooperation of society, families and schools. Students' work departments should always get in touch with teachers to understand students' trends, and contact parents if there are abnormal phenomena of students, so as to find out the crux of the problem, solve the problem and reduce students' pressure. At the same time, parents should inform the school of the problems encountered in the process of students' growth, so that the school can understand the students' growth experience, so that the school can better serve the students. Only by combining the forces of society, school and family can we better help students improve their ability to resist stress and make them know how to adjust their pressure when they encounter difficulties or difficulties, thus improving their psychological quality in an all-round way.
3 Conclusion
Based on the above analysis, college students' mental health problems must be paid great attention to, so that more people can understand the pressure they encounter in the process of life and study, and take effective measures to cultivate college students' ability to resist stress, so that they can reasonably turn pressure into a driving force for growth. At the same time, college education administrators should create a good growth environment and atmosphere for college students, so that they can grow into the pillars of building the motherland.
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