Therefore, the precautions and necessary items when starting have become the top priority of Tibetans. If you want to avoid and find abnormalities in advance, you should always monitor your physical condition. Therefore, portable medical equipment has become a must-have item in people in Xizang.
If you want to go to the distant plateau and travel freely and bravely, you must put away this strategy to deal with altitude sickness!
First of all, let's look at the characteristics of the plateau environment: as the altitude of the plateau increases, the air pressure will drop significantly. Although the oxygen concentration in the air is still about 265438 0%, the partial pressure of oxygen drops obviously. For example, the partial pressure of oxygen in the air at an altitude of 3,000 meters is 1 10 mmHg, which is obviously lower than that in the plain area, not to mention the Qinghai area in Tibet where the altitude is higher.
Hypoxia is the main factor affecting human body in plateau environment, which threatens the health of people entering plateau. When the degree of hypoxia exceeds the adaptive adjustment range of individuals, it will trigger a series of pathophysiological reactions. Tourists traveling in the plateau are likely to have altitude sickness because of their short stay and limited adjustment range.
The so-called altitude sickness is a common and special disease in the plateau area. It is a group of clinical syndromes caused by acute or chronic altitude hypoxia, which is characterized by the normal physiological dysfunction of one or more systems.
According to statistics, 50% ~ 75% people in plain areas may have acute altitude sickness when they quickly enter the plateau above 3000m. Besides acute altitude sickness, there are two more serious diseases-altitude pulmonary edema and altitude cerebral edema.
Among them, acute altitude sickness is the most common of the three kinds of acute altitude sickness, and the main symptom is headache, which usually appears 2- 12 hours after arriving at high altitude areas. In addition, there are gastrointestinal symptoms (such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting), fatigue, dizziness or sleep disorders. Acute altitude sickness can usually be relieved 24 to 48 hours after the body adapts to high altitude.
High altitude cerebral edema is a further aggravation of acute altitude sickness, usually accompanied by high altitude pulmonary edema. When high altitude brain edema occurs, in addition to the symptoms of acute altitude sickness, there will be obviously aggravated symptoms such as fatigue, ataxia, lethargy and confusion (similar to alcoholism). The early manifestations of high altitude pulmonary edema are aggravated dry cough, headache, dyspnea or cyanosis in patients with acute altitude sickness. A few patients have extreme dyspnea, irritability or delirium, cough up a lot of pink foam-like sputum, and have thick wet rales and wheezing in the lungs.
When there is high altitude cerebral edema or high altitude pulmonary edema, you should go to a low altitude place for treatment immediately. The mortality rate of untreated high altitude brain edema was 65438 04%. The mortality rate of untreated high altitude pulmonary edema is 40%. When ataxia occurs, if the altitude cannot be lowered within 24 hours, it will be life-threatening.
Some tourists, because of lack of oxygen, have affected their brain's judgment, or because their symptoms are not obvious, they have caused irreparable harm to their bodies when they are discovered.
Therefore, it is suggested that when you travel in plateau areas, you should bring some portable oxygen bottles and oximeters and other necessary plateau equipment in case of emergency!