As the temperature rises, it is the high season for children's diarrhea. In summer, why are children particularly prone to diarrhea? This is determined by the child's physiological characteristics. Children's gastrointestinal tract is not yet mature, especially the low cost of gastric acid and poor bactericidal ability; In addition, drinking too many drinks in summer dilutes gastric acid, so that bacteria can't eat too many drinks to dilute gastric acid, so that bacteria can't be killed by gastric acid, and it is easy to get through gastric acid and enter the intestine to cause diarrhea. The following is the knowledge of prevention and health care of children's diarrhea in summer that I brought to you. Welcome to reading.
Don't simply think that fasting is necessary.
In summer, diarrhea in children is more common in infants under 2 years old. Infection is the most common cause of diarrhea in children. In addition, children's gastrointestinal function is not perfect, and allergies to breast milk or certain foods can also cause diarrhea. Some parents think "eat more Dora, don't eat or pull" as soon as they see their children having diarrhea, so they are smart enough to fast their children.
In recent years, experts believe that fasting is harmful. Especially when diarrhea loses a lot of water, it will aggravate dehydration and acidosis; Eating too little at the same time, the child is hungry, which will lead to an increase in intestinal peristalsis and excessive secretion of digestive juice in the intestinal wall, which will aggravate diarrhea. Therefore, scholars now believe that there is no need to fast when diarrhea occurs, and more water should be added, especially nutritious liquid or semi-liquid diets, such as rice porridge, noodles, milk and broth. As long as the child can eat, be in good spirits and eat properly, even if the child has more diarrhea, it will gradually get better. Encourage children to eat skim milk, porridge, etc. Are better choices. For infants, breast feeding or diluted milk feeding should be continued for 2-3 days, and then gradually return to normal diet.
Correct application of antibiotics
Diarrhea in children is a group of diseases caused by many reasons and factors. Infection is the main cause, and its pathogens are bacteria, viruses, fungi and so on. , need anti-infection treatment. However, long-term use of antibacterial drugs, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, will lead to disorder of intestinal flora and aggravate or prolong diarrhea. Therefore, it is necessary to use antibiotics reasonably, adequately and normatively under the guidance of doctors under the condition of definite diagnosis.
Third, don't use antidiarrheal drugs easily.
When children have diarrhea, proper use of antidiarrheal drugs will help prevent excessive loss of body fluids. However, because diarrhea is a symptom of many diseases, drugs should be used according to the cause of diarrhea during treatment. Don't use antidiarrheal drugs immediately when you see diarrhea. Abuse of antidiarrheal drugs can not only cure some diarrhea, but also have certain side effects on children, especially babies.
Pay attention to replenish water in time to prevent serious dehydration.
Most children have acute diarrhea, and frequent diarrhea will cause rapid loss of water and nutrients in the body, causing acute dehydration. Water is an important substance to sustain life. The younger you are, the greater the proportion of water in your body weight. When the child loses 5% weight, dehydration symptoms (listlessness, thirst, irritability, weakness, decreased urine output, poor skin elasticity, etc.) appear. ) can happen; Exceeding 15% will lead to convulsion and coma, which is life-threatening. It can be seen that parents should continue to let their children eat at this time, paying special attention to the intake of liquid. Only early prevention and timely correction of dehydration can make children recover soon.
When children have diarrhea in summer, we must pay attention to replenish water in time to prevent severe dehydration, and the onset of children can be slow or urgent. Once a child has infectious diarrhea, parents should never take medicine by themselves. We should go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time, use drugs rationally under the guidance of medical staff, prevent and correct dehydration, acidosis and electrolyte disorder, and carry out necessary symptomatic treatment.
Diarrhea massage
(1) wind-cold type: children's stools are thin and frothy, light in color but not smelly, with bowel sounds and abdominal pain.
① Push the three passes: the three passes are located on the radial side of the forearm, with the horizontal lines of the wrist and elbow in a straight line, and push from the wrist to the elbow for 3-5 minutes.
② Kneading the external old palace: the external old palace is located on the back of the hand, at the depression of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal bones, and it is rubbed for 3 minutes, 10 times.
③ Tonifying Spleen Meridian: Spleen Meridian is located on the line of thumb and pushed from fingertip to fingertip 100-300 times.
④ Pressing Zusanli: Zusanli is located 3 inches below the external knee and 65,438+0 inches beside the tibia. Press it with your thumb and press it again for about 3 minutes.
(2) Dysphagia: It is often manifested as abdominal pain, fullness, sour stool, and pain relief after diarrhea, which is mostly caused by improper feeding, improper diet or unclean diet.
① Knead the middle diaphragm: the middle diaphragm is located 4 inches above the umbilicus, and knead it with the thumb for 3 minutes.
② Knead Shu Tian: Open the navel for 2 inches, one inch on the left and one inch on the right, and knead the thumb for 1-3 minutes.
③ washboard door: the washboard door is located in the thenar of the palm, and the washboard door is rubbed back and forth with the thumb end 100-300 times.
④ Clearing the large intestine meridian: the large intestine meridian is located at the radial edge of the index finger, and the thumb tip is pushed from the fingertip to the fingertip for 300-500 times.
(3) Spleen deficiency type: The clinical manifestation is persistent diarrhea, or recurrent attacks, or diarrhea after eating.
External technology:
① Tonifying spleen meridian.
② Press Zusanli.
③ Tonifying the large intestine: the large intestine is located at the radial edge of the index finger, and the thumb is pushed from the fingertip to the heel 100-300 times.
④ Chiropractic: Put your hands on both sides of the spine, pinch the skin near the spine with your thumb and the other four fingers, and push it upward from the coccyx to Dazhui point, and push and twist it alternately with your hands for 5-8 times. In the last two operations, it is feasible to pinch it three times and lift it once.
(4) panic type: children often have diarrhea after being frightened, and their stools are blue and their roots are blue, which is a manifestation of spleen and stomach dysfunction after being frightened.
① Push the liver meridian horizontally: the liver meridian is located on the thread surface of the index finger, and the thumb tip is pushed back and forth between the fingertip and the heel 100-300 times.
② Pinch the root of the mountain: pinch the root of the mountain 3-5 times with the thumb nail at the midpoint of the line connecting the inner canthus of both eyes.
③ Ape picking: Take two ear tips and two earlobes as operating parts, hold the two ear tips with the middle finger of both hands and pull them up for 20-30 times, then hold the earlobes and pull them down for 20-30 times, just like an ape picking fruit.
④ Tonifying spleen meridian.
Simple process
Parents should put talcum powder on their hands before giving their children a massage.
1, leg
Press Zusanli 50 times: Zusanli is three inches below the outer knee. You can press Zusanli with your thumb or middle finger.
2. Abdomen
Take the child's supine position and rub the abdomen for 5 minutes, rubbing the umbilicus and Tianshu points 100 times.
Rubbing the abdomen: You can put four fingers on the abdomen or put the whole palm on the child's abdomen for circular motion.
Rubbing navel: navel is navel, which can be rubbed with middle finger or palm root.
The above methods are easy to operate and master, which accords with children's psychology of loving skin contact. It can not only stabilize children's emotions, but also achieve the purpose of fitness and treatment.
When diarrhea occurs, as a prevention of dehydration or a treatment of mild dehydration, oral rehydration salt solution (ORS for short, available in pharmacies, please prepare according to the instructions) can be fed at home. Without ORS, salty rice soup, vegetable soup or sugar salt water can be made by yourself. Once it exceeds 15%, it may be life-threatening. The younger the baby is, the more sensitive it is to the loss of water. When dehydration symptoms such as anterior fontanel, sunken eye socket, no urine for more than 3 hours, less yellow urine, dry and inelastic skin and mucosa appear, they should be sent to the hospital in time.
In addition, in order to prevent infantile diarrhea, breast-feeding should be promoted as much as possible; You can't add complementary food too quickly, and you can't have too many varieties. Feed regularly and quantitatively. Pay attention to daily life and food hygiene, don't eat food for a long time, don't chew rice to feed your baby, and keep indoor ventilation.
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