Industrialization is the "pole" of county economic development. Practical experience has proved that industrialization is an important and insurmountable stage in the road of modernization of a country or region. Accelerate industrial development is the responsibility given by history, but also the objective reality of the inevitable choice. The development of industry, driven by and affecting a local economic situation; industrialization level of high and low, on behalf of a local level of development. Shaoyang County's industry once had a more brilliant page, due to geographical, market and product quality constraints, coupled with the continuous promotion of the reform of the state-owned enterprise system and the further improvement of the market economy, Shaoyang County, the industrial economy once slipped into the saddest "short legs". 1995 than in 1991, Shaoyang County, industrial value added growth of 11.3%, higher than the city's growth rate of 5.6 percentage points; 2000 than in 1996, Shaoyang County, industrial value added growth of 8.5%, lower than the city's growth rate of 3.4 percentage points. In 2002, the 9th Party Congress of Shaoyang County put forward the goal of building "industrial Shaoyang", put the development of industry as an important agenda in the first place, and strive to implement the strategy of industrial development to drive economic development, and achieved positive and steady results. In this paper, based on the results of the first national economic census in Shaoyang County in late 2004, a comprehensive review of the actual situation of the county's above-scale industry, below-scale industry and individual industry, and compared with other counties and cities, hoping to provide reference for leadership decision-making.
First, the current situation and characteristics
1, the current situation
At the end of 2004, the county **** there are 2,130 industries (households), 18,808 employees, with fixed assets of 409,583,000 yuan of original value, the net value of 2,648,775,000 yuan, to achieve the total value of industrial output of 957,836,000 yuan of current value, the added value of 447,540,000 yuan.
By size: annual output value of more than 5 million yuan and 47 state-owned industrial enterprises, gross output value of 545,948,000 yuan, the number of employees 7810 people, with fixed assets worth 249,232,000 yuan, added value of 191,111,000 yuan; below-scale industrial enterprises and individual industry **** 2083 (households), 10,998 people, with fixed assets worth 158,351,000 yuan, original value, net worth of 2,648,875,000 yuan. Original value of 158,351,000 yuan, the current value of the total output value of 411,888,000 yuan, the current value of added value of 256,430,000 yuan.
By nature: 330 domestic enterprises, including 12 state-owned enterprises, 10 collective enterprises, 3 joint-stock cooperative enterprises, 1 collective joint venture, 2 other limited liability companies, 5 joint-stock limited companies, 297 private enterprises, 1 Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan joint venture, 1 Chinese-foreign joint venture, and 1,795 individual industrial households.
By industry: Shaoyang County Industrial Enterprises **** divided into mining, manufacturing, power and water production and supply industry in three industry categories. Mining 165, of which 65 coal mining enterprises, ferrous metal mining industry 83, non-ferrous metal mining industry 1, non-metallic minerals (sand and gravel) mining industry 16; 157 manufacturing industry, of which 3 agro-food processing industry, food manufacturing industry, 4, textile industry, 3, leather, fur, feather (down) and its manufacturing industry, 4, timber processing and wood, bamboo, rattan, palm, grass manufacturing industry 17, furniture manufacturing 3, paper and paper products industry 5, printing industry 2, chemical materials and chemical manufacturing 5, pharmaceutical manufacturing 2, tire manufacturing 1, plastic products industry 6, non-metallic mineral products industry 73, ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry 4, non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry 5, metal manufacturing 12, general equipment manufacturing 4, electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing 2, handicrafts and equipment manufacturing industry 2, handicrafts and other manufacturing industry 2; electricity, gas and water production and supply industry 10, of which 5 electric power production industry, electric power supply industry 1, water production and supply industry 4. The other 1798 individual industries, mainly concentrated in the manufacturing and processing industry.
2, status
In 2004, Shao Yang County, the current value of industrial added value accounted for 16.75% of the county's GDP, an increase of 0.8 percentage points over 2003, an increase of 2.35 percentage points over 2002; of which more than the size of the current value of industrial added value accounted for 7.15%, an increase of 0.7 percentage points over 2003, 2.72 percentage points over 2002; the size of the current value of industrial added value accounted for 7.15%, an increase of 0.7 percentage points over 2003, 2.72 Percentage points; below-scale industrial value added at current prices accounted for 9.6%, an increase of 0.1 percentage points over 2003, an increase of 0.63 percentage points over 2002.
3, the main features
(1) the primary level of industry. First, all of them are small industrial enterprises, and none of them is recognized as national medium-sized enterprises or above. The annual output value of more than 5 million yuan of 40 enterprises, accounting for only 12.3% of the number of all industrial enterprises; the second is mainly traditional industries. National 40 industry standards, Shao Yang County industry mainly for the extractive industry, smelting, papermaking, hardware and machinery manufacturing, shoes, hats, clothing, leather and textile industry, pharmaceutical and chemical industry, food processing and manufacturing, building materials industry, hydropower generation and power supply industry, timber processing industry, the traditional industries accounted for more than 98% of the traditional products accounted for more than 92%; three is the business management model is sloppy. According to a survey of 30 private industrial enterprises above designated size, the implementation of family management of 12 enterprises, accounting for 40%; financial management is basically a "pocket" account, such as Xiangbao Auto Parts Company, Xiangzhong Tannery Company, although from 2003 onwards to employ an accountant, but also only two or three days a month to do the accounts to meet the tax audit needs, financial records are very irregular. Needs, financial records are not standardized. Fourth, industrial products to primary processing, low-grade, low value-added, Shaoyang County, industrial products are mainly bituminous coal, manganese, gypsum, ferromanganese silicon, drilling flowers, underwear and clothing, wave shoes, automobile flywheel, transmission pipe fittings, rice processing, proprietary Chinese medicines, red bricks, gravel-based, although there are a lot of varieties, but most of them are in the initial stage of processing, the profitability of the not high. Such as Shaoyang County, Xingwang Ma Steel Factory production of power transmission pipe fittings, due to the lack of access to independent export rights, by the foreign trade sector agent exports, each 8 yuan to the exporter, the exporter of each 16 yuan sales to foreigners, foreigners to the price of 16 U.S. dollars into Europe and the U.S. market, the ex-factory price of the market price of only 6.2%. Other companies such as Fusheng Shoes Company, county steel factory, Santai Diamond Factory, Xiangbao Auto Parts Company and other enterprise products are "for others to do dowry", their own earn small money, others earn big money.
(2) Industrial resource dependence. Shao Yang County industry, natural resources-based industrial enterprises occupy an important position. The county's 65 coal mining enterprises, the end of 2004 output value of 190.647 million yuan, accounting for 23.34% of the total industrial output value of the year; 83 manganese mining enterprises output value of 59.042 million yuan, accounting for 7.22% of the total industrial output value of the year; 16 sand and gravel mining enterprises output value of 24.998 million yuan, accounting for 3.06% of the total industrial output value of the year; 64 masonry, stone and other The output value of 64 brick, stone and other building materials manufacturing industry is 43.472 million yuan, accounting for 5.32% of the total industrial output value of the year; 5 silicon and manganese smelting enterprises output value of 19.29 million yuan, accounting for 2.36% of the total industrial output value of the year. The comprehensive output value of enterprises consuming local resources accounted for 41.3% of the total industrial output value of the year.
(3) Autonomy of industrial development. Of the 332 industrial enterprises (except individual industries) in Shao Yang County, 104, or 31.3%, were opened and established 10 years ago; 35.36% were opened and established between 1996 and 2002, while 33.34% were newly opened and established between 2003 and 2004. Before the reform and opening up, the development of industrial enterprises in Shaoyang County was led by the government, and the creation and development of enterprises were operated by the county and township levels; most enterprises lacked scientific planning and foresight, and some enterprises were founded purely to solve the employment problem. After the reform and opening up, due to the loose policy, private enterprises flourish, some business owners hold the "which line to make money to do which line" idea, do business "a nest of wind", and even some industries "home fire, household smoke! "In 2003-2004, 83 manganese mining enterprises emerged in Shaoyang County, due to national policy rectification and resource poverty, soon, more than 50 of these enterprises "disappeared"; in 2003, Shaoyang County Hebo Township, there are large and small wood In 2003, Hebo Township, Shaoyang County, there are large and small wood processing enterprises and individual households 35, in 2004, there are only 12. In addition, the financial sector in recent years, a serious imbalance in the ratio of deposits and loans, particularly poor investment in industry, less than 10% of the loan amount; county small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee department because of the lack of integrity of some enterprises, failed to repay the loan in a timely manner, affecting the credit guarantee company as a bridge through the silver enterprises to play the role of the role of the bridge, so that the industrial enterprises, especially the development of the private sector is still to the private sector for the development of financing as the main path. Therefore, Shaoyang County, industrial enterprises show three characteristics: First, the main private spontaneous; Second, the development of the way and direction of the investor's independent decision-making; Third, the enterprise's financing behavior has obvious personal characteristics.
Second, the problems, gaps and reasons
1, the total amount of industrial economy is small. at the end of 2004, ShaoYang County, the current value of industrial output value of 957.836 million yuan, accounting for only the city's county industrial output value of 13.63 billion yuan of current value of 7.02 percent. The total industrial economy is only higher than Xinning, Wugang, Longhui three counties; present value of industrial added value of 447.54 million yuan, accounting for only 16.75% of the county's GDP that year, 22.63% of Shaodong County. Compared with other sister counties and cities in the province, it is even more dwarfed. 2004 Shaoyang County industrial added value of 4.26% of Changsha County, Liuyang City, Liuyang City, Liuyang City, Liuyang City, Shimen County, Shimen County, Shimen County, Wangcheng County, Wangcheng County, Wangcheng County, Wangcheng County, Wangcheng County, Xiangxiang City, Xiangxiang City, Xiangxiang City, Xiangxiang City, Hengnan County, Hengnan County, Hengnan County, Hengnan County, 15.96%. Compared with Shunde City, Foshan City, Guangdong Province, which is the strongest industrial county in the country, it is only 0.63% of that city. Due to the small industrial volume, the county's industrial economy in the case of low base, although there is a faster rate of growth, but it is difficult to realize the rapid expansion of the increment in the short term.
2, the degree of intensification is low. Shaoyang County, there is a "weak, small, scattered" shortcomings of industry and enterprise scale, short industry chain, in the market share of small.
(1) enterprise dispersion. The main manifestation of the small and full, industry, distribution of scattered. The county's industrial enterprises involved in 15 categories, 674 products, the industry's highly dispersed and small mold production, unable to form the aggregation effect of industry and products. Wufeng store cotton wool company is actually thousands of processing households "synonymous with", there is no unified brand, to 3 to 6 yuan per wholesale price to dealers, the implementation of thin margins; over the years, Shao Yang County, Tangdukou Town, Baiyangpu Village, known as the file hair processing near and far, but the collection of acquisitions, processing, sales in one of the 14 households, in addition to the Yongli file hair factory, Misa hair products company has a larger scale, there are 12 households have been fighting on their own, the factory site in Shaoyang, Baiyang store and other places "mobile", the products you sell to Henan, I sell to Anhui, and even conflict with each other on the price and specifications.
(2) low-grade products. Shao Yang County industrial enterprises to produce a single species, quality is not high. County 674 kinds of products, with independent intellectual property rights of only 1 Shanxiu Pharmaceutical Company. Fusheng Shoes Company, Prosperity Martens Steel Factory, County Martens Steel Parts Factory, Xinglong Packing Tools Factory, Songhe Drill Bit Factory, Xiangzhong Tannery Company and file hair factory production products are nominally export enterprises, in essence, by the agent to change the face, repackaging commissioned by the agent; Xiangbao Auto Parts Company produces Zhengchuan Flywheel is only a part of the Yulin Diesel Engine Factory. Longhua Cement Co., Ltd. production of low-model PO32.5 products, has not been upgraded.
(3) bases and industrial parks do not yet have the scale. Slow progress in industrial parks, supporting facilities can not keep up; attracting small amounts of investment, the number of industrial enterprises into the park is small, the amount of investment is small, the content of science and technology is not high. The city's 51 industrial parks or bases, including the province, the city recognized county-level industrial parks 9, county, townships set up their own industrial bases and parks 42. Shao Yang County by the provincial approval of the park or base "blank", approved by the city recognized red stone industrial park, industrial enterprises into the park is still only a "star point light" state; the county set up nine Gongqiao Industrial Park, Baikang Industrial Park, Xiadang cloud industrial park planning area is small Enterprises are not high rate of entry, in 2004, industrial infrastructure investment and technological transformation investment of 22 million yuan, equivalent to only 55% of Chengbu, Wugang 62.8%. Therefore, industrial parks and bases in Shaoyang County have not yet played a strong driving role in the county economy.
3, the industrial base is weak. According to the survey of 332 industrial enterprises in the county, 35 enterprises were set up from 1950 to 1977, 39 enterprises were set up from 1978 to 1991, and 29 enterprises were set up from 1992 to 1995, accounting for 31.3% of the 332 enterprises. These enterprises based on the historical background and conditions at that time, the initial construction of the starting point is very low, most of the "five small" enterprises, technologically backward, aging equipment, is difficult to develop and expand the enterprise "stumbling block". 2004 economic census results show that the county 47 Large-scale industrial enterprises **** all kinds of machinery and equipment 1642 units (sets), of which 100 units (sets) of equipment factory before 1980, accounting for 6.1%; 1980 to 1989, 449 units (sets) of equipment factory, accounting for 27.34%; 1990 to 1999, 489 units (sets) of equipment factory, accounting for 29.78%; 2000 after the factory's equipment, 604 units (sets), accounting for 29.78%; 2000 after the factory's equipment, 604 units (sets), accounting for 29.78%. sets), accounting for 36.78%. And there is not a foreign production of machinery and equipment. Another "clamping" industrial enterprise development factors is the power energy lag, the county also has 9 townships located in small hydropower region, electricity supply and demand contradiction. Baicang Industrial Park, there are key industrial enterprises 5, due to the local power support can not keep up, it is difficult to meet the needs of industrial and rural electricity, so that the Beida ferroalloy plant and other large enterprises with large amounts of electricity are often in a blackout, most of the time can only be in the "zero point" after the operation.
4, enterprise efficiency is not high. 2004, the end of the county's large-scale industrial efficiency index of 141.3%, in the city in the 8th place; labor productivity of 34,523 yuan / person, in the city in the 10th place; 9 loss-making enterprises, a loss of 19.1%; sales margin of 2.5%, in the city in the 12th place.
5, talent quality is not strong. County 332 industrial enterprises (except 1798 individual industry), 17010 employees, with a graduate degree of 2 employees, accounting for 0.012%; with a bachelor's degree of 67 employees, accounting for 0.4%; with a college degree of 447 employees, accounting for 2.6%. And 96.98% of the practitioners have secondary school education or less. County **** with senior technology, technicians, senior workers, intermediate workers and other professional and technical personnel 4842 people, of which industrial enterprises have professional and technical personnel 1019 people, accounting for only 21.04%. Especially private industrial enterprises lack of talent absorption, talent retention environment, a serious shortage of professional and technical personnel. Among the private industrial enterprises *** there are 11,691 employees, of which 4,599 are above-scale industrial enterprises and 7,092 are below-scale industrial enterprises. Among the employees, there are 8935 males and 2756 females, with the ratio of men to women being 1:0.3. Among the industrial enterprises above the large-scale enterprises, there are 2681 male employees and 1918 female employees. Men accounted for 58.3% and women 41.7%. In the enterprises below the scale, there are 6254 male employees and 838 female employees, with male employees accounting for 58.3% and female employees accounting for 41.7%. In enterprises of less than large scale, there were 6,254 male employees and 838 female employees, with males accounting for 88.1% and females accounting for 11.9%. For every 100 employees, there are only 0.119 professionals and technicians with senior titles, especially 0.008 women; there are only 1.3 professionals and technicians with intermediate titles, and only 0.2 women. Among every 100 employees, there are only 0.16 senior technicians and only 0.005 women; there are only 0.35 technicians and only 0.001 women. Shaoyang County Jiajiahong Food Co., Ltd. open to the community to recruit 300 cultural level in high school and above, skilled technical workers, but meet the conditions of very few,
Third, countermeasures and recommendations
Enhance the level of industrialization, industrial development to drive the county's economic development, is the imperative of Shaoyang County development, but also the county's strong desire and *** with the voices. Central implementation of the strategy of the rise of central China, for Shaoyang County, the revitalization of the industrial economy, both opportunities, but also challenges. Shaoyang County is located in southwestern Hunan, is an economically underdeveloped areas, economic development backward in industry, potential and hope in industry.
First, to avoid the shortcomings, to play advantage. Shaoyang County, industrial development has certain advantages: (1) there has been a certain foundation. Shaoyang County's construction drilling industry in the province is very famous, the heyday of the annual output of drilling flowers 200 million scale, the products have occupied more than 60% of the domestic market, exported to Europe and the United States 12 countries; the county shoe factory production products have won the national gold medal. (2) the private economy is developing rapidly; (2) the industrial park has begun to take shape; (3) the level of industrialization has also improved, the industrialization rate of 24.2%, the same as the city's average level, close to the middle of the primary stage of industrialization, the industrial value-added growth rate is faster than the primary industry, the proportion of the industry is showing an upward momentum. (4) Relatively rich resources. Shaoyang County is a large agricultural county, grain output reached 373,400 tons in 2004, 394,500 tons in 2005, an average of 800,000 pigs, which provides a wealth of raw materials for the processing industry of agricultural and sideline products; gypsum has been pre-checked reserves of 340 million tons; Huang Jing's "Ink Jade", under the bridge of flower "Red Jade" marble reserves are large, high development value; coal resources, hydroelectric resources are relatively rich. (5) Transportation conditions have improved significantly, location advantages are becoming more and more apparent. Luozhan Railway and Tan Shao Expressway has been opened to traffic, the county board yellow highway quality through and townships, village roads to speed up the pace of construction, the two wide high-speed, 207 national highway reconstruction and expansion, Shaoyang to Hengyang highway construction and construction, to a large extent, to change the Shaoyang County's "outside the way out, inside the good road" of the old appearance, for the development of industry in Shaoyang County, breaking the transportation "Bottleneck". (6) Part of the advantageous industries, advantageous products outstanding benefits. Shaoyang County construction drill, high-grade thin paper, automotive series of cooling pumps, Chinese scalding oil and other products in the province and even the country have a certain degree of influence.
Second, innovative features, find the right path. Establish a scientific concept of development, in accordance with the party's 16th National Congress put forward the "high technological content, good economic efficiency, low resource consumption, environmental pollution, human resources are given full play to" the road of new industrialization, the pursuit of quantitative industry as soon as possible to the quality of industrial efficiency, accelerate the promotion and accelerate the development. First, scientific planning, rational layout. Industry-led, centered on the county, cultivate the western mineral resources, northern medicine and agricultural products and southern clothing and smelting three industrial belts, to build the overall framework of the county's industrial; two is to vigorously cultivate industrial clusters, to the characteristics of the main line, relying on the county's resources to develop the characteristics of the industry; three is to industrial parks as a carrier, to create a platform for industrial development. In accordance with the layout of centralized, intensive land use, industrial agglomeration requirements, a reasonable layout of industrial parks, guiding enterprises and projects to parks, and promote the development of industry to scale. The implementation of supportive policies to create a relaxed business environment. Fourth, vigorously implement the brand strategy, play the brand effect, encourage enterprises to take advantage of the brand, technology and capital, to further expand and strengthen the enterprise, improve the market competitiveness of products.
Third, broaden the financing, increase investment. Shao Yang County, many enterprises due to lack of capital constraints, but also in the way of financial institutions financing threshold and the actual financing costs are expected to be higher, and in the financial sector to raise funds, so that the loss of development opportunities. The government should increase investment in industry, from the financial tax revenue by a certain percentage of the county industrial development fund. At the same time, to take tax incentives, loan subsidies, guarantee services and other forms of increased investment in industry; and to increase the coordination of banks and enterprises, really play a good role in small and medium-sized enterprise credit guarantee company. In particular, practical and effective measures should be taken to activate private capital and enhance the social financing capacity of enterprises. Through multiple channels, multiple ways to alleviate the contradiction of the shortage of funds for industrial development in the county.
Fourth, the open drive, private industry. Insist on attracting capital and attracting "wisdom" and "bring in" and "go out" combination, increase investment, and strive to introduce a number of large-scale production, high technology content, market prospects Good, strong foreign exchange earning capacity of major industrial projects and a number of strategic investors, with the help of external forces to accelerate industrial development. Effective implementation of the municipal party committee put forward the "all allow must enter", "where strong must help", "where the office must be smooth", "where the benefits must be guaranteed! "The requirements of the county to promote the healthy development of industry, to achieve business, government **** win.