1. Labor-intensive industries refer to industries that mainly rely on a large number of laborers for production, but are less dependent on technology and equipment. Its measure is that wages account for a large proportion of production costs compared with equipment depreciation and R&D expenditure. Labor-intensive industry is a relative category, and there are different standards in different stages of social and economic development. Generally speaking, the current labor-intensive industries mainly refer to agriculture, forestry, textiles, clothing, toys, leather, furniture and other manufacturing industries.
2. Capital-intensive industries refer to industries and departments that need more capital investment. Such as metallurgical industry, petroleum industry, machinery manufacturing and other heavy industries. Features: more technical equipment, large investment, less labor, slow capital turnover and slow investment. Compared with technology-intensive industries, the output of capital-intensive industries is directly proportional to the amount of investment, but inversely proportional to the amount of labor required by the industry. Therefore, products with large materialized labor consumption ratio and small live labor consumption ratio are generally called capital-intensive products. Developing capital-intensive industries requires a lot of technical equipment and funds.
3. Knowledge-intensive industries. Production departments and service departments that need complex, advanced and cutting-edge science and technology to work. Its technical strength is often directly proportional to the degree of mechanization and automation of various industries, departments or enterprises, and inversely proportional to the number of manual operators used by various industries, departments or enterprises. The characteristics are: the equipment and production technology are based on advanced science and technology, and the resource consumption is low; Scientific and technical personnel account for a large proportion of employees and have high labor productivity; The technical performance of the product is complex and the replacement is fast. The situation of technology-intensive industries reflects the level of national science and technology development, and provides advanced labor means and various new materials for all sectors of the national economy. Developing technology-intensive industries is conducive to giving full play to the role of scientific and technological talents, applying and popularizing the latest scientific and technological achievements at home and abroad, introducing foreign advanced technologies and producing cutting-edge products, improving the economic benefits of enterprises and promoting the development of productive forces. With the progress of contemporary science and technology, technology-intensive industries have developed rapidly. In China, advanced assembly industries such as computer industry, aircraft and aerospace industry, atomic energy industry, large-scale and ultra-large-scale integrated circuit industry, precision machine tools, CNC machine tools and pollution prevention facilities manufacturing, advanced medical devices, electronic musical instruments and other advanced industries all belong to this industry.
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