Container (Cccontainer) is a kind of cargo transportation equipment, easy to use mechanical loading and unloading, can be long-term repeated use. Also known as "cargo box" or "container".
What is the structure of the container? What is the name of each component?
The common dry container is a six-sided rectangle, which consists of a frame structure, two sidewalls, a top, an end, a bottom and a pair of doors.
What markings should be on an international container marking content?
(1) box master number, box number and check digits;
(2) country code and size type code;
(3) maximum total mass ..... .kg..... .Lb;
Box mass .... .kg.... Lb;
(Item (3) shall be written in Chinese and English, or in English only)
(4) Nameplate of the owner and manufacturer.
Where is each of the container markings located on the box?
The position of the container marking on the box is shown in the attached figure (1):
In the figure:
(1) Owner's designation, box number and check digits;
(2) Country designation and size type designation;
(3) Maximum gross mass kg Lb; mass of the box kg Lb;
(4) Ship Inspection Bureau insignia;
(4) Ship's inspection bureau;
(5) The nameplate of the ship owner and manufacturer;
The location of each container marking is in the body of the box. p>
(5) CSC Safety Compliance License Plate;
(6) People's Republic of China Customs Approval License Plate;
(7) UIC Marking;
(8) Timber Immunity License Plate;
(9) Owner's and Manufacturer's Nameplate.
Note: (3) Maximum gross mass ...... .kg..... .Lb with (5) Maximum mass in CSC Safety Compliance License Plate ...... .kg.... Lb shall be the same.
The above markings are to be durable and their color should be distinctly different from the container door color.
How many types of containers can be public according to the materials used?
According to the main parts of the box (side walls, end walls, box tops, etc.) what material is used, it is called what material manufactured containers, according to the use of material classification, containers can be divided into three kinds:
(1) aluminum alloy containers, the advantages of light weight, beautiful appearance, corrosion strong, good elasticity, easy to process, as well as the processing fee, repair cost is low, the use of a long service life; the disadvantage of the high cost, poor weldability;
The above markings should be marked with the durability, the color should be with the door color obviously. Poor weldability;
(2) steel containers, the advantages of strength, firm structure, high weldability, watertight, low price; disadvantages are large weight, poor corrosion resistance;
(3) fiberglass containers, the advantages of strength, good rigidity, large volume of content, heat insulation, corrosion resistance, chemical resistance is good, easy to clean, easy to repair; the disadvantage is the weight of large, easy to deteriorate, screwing bolts at the strength reduction. Strength reduction.
According to the structure of the classification, the container can be divided into how many types?
According to structural classification, the container can be divided into three categories:
(1) within the post type (linterior post type container) and outer post type container (outside poost type container), mainly refers to aluminum alloy containers, within the post type containers refers to the side post (or end post) is located in the side wall or end wall This within; outside poost type container means that the side column (or end column) is located outside the side wall or end wall;
(2) folding container (collapseside container), is the container of all the components refers to the main parts (side walls, end walls, box top, etc.) can be simply folded or decomposed, and can be easily re-combined when used again.
(3) thin shell container (monocoque container), is all the parts of a steel body, its advantage is light weight, can adapt to the torsion occurs without causing permanent deformation.
How many types of containers can be categorized according to the purpose of use?
According to the purpose of use classification, the container is divided into:
(1) general cargo container (dry container);
(2) refrigerated container (refigerated container);
(3) bulk container (solid bulk container);
(4) open top container (open top container);
(5) frame container (flat rack container);
(6) tank containers (tank container);
As well as a number of special special containers, such as automotive containers, livestock containers, hides, platform containers and so on. Containers, platform containers and so on.
How many series of international standard containers are there? How many kinds of specifications?
There are three series of international standard containers and thirteen kinds of specifications.
The external dimensions and total weight of the standard specifications of general-purpose containers are shown in the attached table (1):
Table 1 External dimensions and total weight of the standard specifications of general-purpose containers
What is a natural box?
Natural box (unit) is a term used when counting the number of containers. Also known as the physical box, the natural box is not converted to the physical box, that is, whether it is a 40-foot container, 30-foot container, 20-foot container or 10-foot container are done as a container statistics.
What is TEU?
TEU is the abbreviation of Twenty Equivalent Unit. The length of 20-foot container for the international unit of measurement, also known as the international standard box unit. Usually used to indicate the ship's ability to load containers, but also containers and port throughput is an important statistical, conversion unit.
What are the characteristics of a container terminal?
Container transportation is a capital- and technology-intensive mode of transportation, so the container terminal compared with the general cargo terminal has the following characteristics:
(1) high cost of the terminal. Build a container specialized terminal funds equivalent to the construction of general berth funds 2.5 times.
(2) high degree of terminal mechanization, container loading and unloading mechanization degree of 100 percent.
(3) in line with international standards, different from the general terminal container documentation system.
(4) There is a set of perfect electronic computer business management system, the management level of the requirements of the general terminal can not be compared.
(5) container specialized terminal loading and unloading efficiency, fast turnover of ships.
What is a container berth?
Container berth (Berth) is a container ship berthing required by the shore line that the ship berthing place. The length of the berth according to the size of the berthing ship and different, standard berth length of 250 meters and 300 meters.
What is a container yard?
Container Yard (Container Yard , referred to as CY) generally has two meanings: the broad container yard can be understood as for loading and unloading, handover and storage of heavy boxes, empty boxes of the site, including the front yard, rear yard and the front of the dock; narrow container yard is to refer to in addition to the dock outside of the front yard. It also includes the site for storing chassis trucks.
What is a container forward yard?
Container front yard (Marshalling Yard) is in the container ship into the port before the export containers ready to load according to the stacking chart beforehand; in the import containers from the ship unloaded according to the requirements of the delivery of the arrangement in the yard, in order to carry out this arrangement of the site reserved for the container is the front of the yard.
What is the container rear yard?
Container rear yard (Contanier Yard) is used to store containers with the ship loading and unloading operations do not have a direct relationship with the yard. Generally, the back yard is far away from the container terminal or even some back yards are located outside the port area.
What is a container freight station? Freight station should meet what requirements?
Container Freight Staltion (Container Freight Staltion) refers to the shipping company to accept the commission of the owner of the container, unloading work, and to complete the handover of goods, classification and short-term custody of auxiliary work such as sites and warehouses.
In order to well complete the task of the freight station, the freight station should meet the following requirements:
(1) to facilitate the loading and unloading of goods;
(2) to facilitate the loading and unloading of trucks for non-grouped goods;
(3) in order to facilitate the evacuation of goods and classification should have sufficient operating area;
(4) for the temporary storage of Import and export goods should have appropriate storage and storage facilities;
(5) There should be customs, quarantine and other agencies of the office and its ancillary equipment.
What is the container inland transfer station?
Container inland transfer station is for containers and their cargo for transshipment, unpacking, consolidation and other operations and by the Customs and Excise Department and other competent authorities of the country to supervise the inland freight forwarding place.
What is a container space?
Usually according to the size of the container in advance in the field or on board with white lines or other forms of grid, this storage container grid is called box space (Slot).
What is a container inspection bridge?
Container inspection bridge (Container Gate House) is the entrance and exit of the container terminal, due to the entry and exit of the container terminal in this three-dimensional inspection and handover and named, in fact, is the difference between inside and outside of the terminal of a responsibility demarcation point.
What is the main role of the container inspection bridge?
The main role is:
(1) the handover of containerized goods;
(2) check whether the container seals are intact, if there is a problem, measures should be taken here to clarify the responsibility;
(3) there are scales for the weighing of containers;
(4) handover of the goods related to a variety of documents;
(5) check whether the vehicle is in line with the rules of the road. vehicles for compliance with highway rules.
What is a container weighbridge?
In order to confirm the weight of the container and its cargo, set up near the entrance to the container terminal weighbridge (Tyuck Scale), the scale is generally said to be 20-foot box length of 12 meters, said the 40-foot box for 16 meters.
What are the advantages of using container transportation?
The superiority of container transportation is reflected in the following aspects:
(1) Improve the loading and unloading efficiency, reduce labor intensity;
(2) Reduce cargo loss, cargo difference, improve the quality of freight;
(3) Accelerate the turnover of the car, the ship, the goods to improve the efficiency of the transport;
(4) Simplify the freight transport procedures to facilitate the intermodal transport of goods;
(5) Save the packaging and packaging of goods.(5) save packaging costs, simplify cargo handling procedures;
(6) reduce operating expenses, reduce transportation costs.
What is feeder container transportation?
In order to solve the container ship port of call, can not be loaded and unloaded large ships, there is no trunk transport routes contradictions, in coastal ports and inland set up for the purpose of collecting and distributing containers container distribution ports or points, distribution ports, points near the area of the collection of containers to the collection and distribution ports, points, concentrated transport to the hub port. This inland cities or coastal distribution points and hub ports between the transportation for the feeder container transportation (Container Freeder Service).
What is a container hub port?
Container hub port (Through Container Service Port abbreviated as TCSP) is the term for classification of container ports, refers to a large number of sources of goods, but also can play the role of the sea and land and sea ports between the container transportation intersection. Port container yard (CY), Container Freight Station (CFS), can be containerized cargo handover, and can be paid from these ports to the inland areas of the inland transportation fee after the provision of inland transportation services.
Container transportation ships can be divided into several categories according to the ship type?
Container transportation ships can be divided into four categories according to the ship type, namely, half-container ship, container dual-use ship, ro-ro ship, full container ship.
What is a half container ship?
Semi-container ship (SEMI-CONTAINER CONTAINER SHIP) has specially designed container compartments in some of its compartments, and the rest of the compartments can be loaded with general cargo.
What is a dual-use container ship?
Container dual-use ship (CONVERTIBLE CONTAINER SHIP) that is, all or part of its compartments are equipped with conversion devices, after conversion, all or part of the compartments can be loaded with containers, but also can be loaded with general cargo.
What is a full container ship?
Full container ship (FULL-CONTAINER SHIP) refers to all compartments fixed for loading containers of special ships, with the ability to use all the effective compartments for loading containers of various equipment.
Container transportation ship according to the loading and unloading method can be divided into several categories?
Container ship according to the loading and unloading method can be divided into three categories: hanging on the hanging ship, open on the open ship, barge cargo ship.
Container transportation ships can be divided into several categories according to the loading and unloading methods?
Container ships can be divided into three categories according to the loading and unloading methods: hoisting the ship, open on the open ship, barge cargo ships. What is a container liner?
Container liner refers to a fixed route, according to the published schedule, rules, repeatedly sailing and transportation of containers in the ship operation mode. Generally choose the ship speed high equipment excellent ship.
What is a containerized cargo?
Generally refers to the type of cargo suitable for loading containers. The most suitable type of cargo refers to the precious commodities, light bulbs and groceries and small high-level machinery, such as tariffs in the ad valorem goods, alcohol, instruments, a variety of textiles, pharmaceuticals, a variety of light industrial products.
Suitable for the class of goods refers to the general coarse groceries, such as electrical materials: bagged goods.
Barely fit goods are general raw materials or heavier bagged goods such as pig iron, logs, rice, fodder and so on.
What is "full containerized cargo"?
FCL is a container of goods in a consignee only, most of the consignor packing, counting, and sealing after moving into the container yard, station, and then will arrive at the destination port of the container to the consignee.
What is "LCL"?
Consolidated cargo is loaded with less than a box of small bills of goods, in the container freight station or inland transfer station in the concentration, and other goods in a container, after arriving at the destination, and then take out the goods from the container freight station to the consignee.
What is containerized continental bridge transportation?
The railroad connecting the ports on both sides of the continent is called the continental bridge. Containers through the continental bridge to achieve land transportation between the two sides of the continent is called the continental bridge transportation, its purpose is to save transportation time and cost.
What are the nine types of handover in container transportation?
The nine modes are:
(1) Door-to-door;
(2) Door-to-field;
(3) Door-to-station;
(4) Yard-to-door;
(5) Yard-to-field;
(6) Yard-to-station;
(7) Station-to-gate; (8) Yard-to-station; and (9) Yard-to-station. ) Station-to-door handover method;
(8) Station-to-field handover method;
(9) Station-to-station handover method.
What is a door-to-door handover?
The shipper in the factory and warehouse, will be responsible for him to box the container to the carrier acceptance, the carrier is responsible for the container to the consignee's factory or warehouse to hand over the box the whole continuous transportation, this handover is the door to the door handover mode (Door to Door).
What is the door to door delivery?
From the shipper's factory or warehouse, the container will be transported to the destination port of the container yard handover is Door to Door handover (Door to CY).
What is Door to CY?
Door to CFS (Door to CFS) refers to the delivery of containers from the shipper's factory or warehouse to the destination or discharge port of the container freight station.
What is the yard to the door delivery method?
From the container handling area of the port of loading container back yard, the container will be transported to the consignee's factory or warehouse of the delivery method is called field to door (CY to DooY).
What is the yard to yard delivery method?
CY to CY is the delivery of containers from the container yard at the port of loading to the container yard at the port of destination.
What is CY to CY?
CY to CFS is the delivery of containers from the container yard at the port of loading to the container freight station at the port of destination.
What is CY to CFS?
CFS to Door (CFS to Door) is the delivery of containers from the container freight station at the origin or port of loading to the consignee's factory or warehouse.
What is the station to the field delivery mode?
CFS to CY (CFS to CY) is a handover from the place of origin or the port of loading, the container will be transported to the destination or the port of discharge of the container handling area of the container back of the yard.
What is station-to-station delivery?
CFS to CFS (CFS to CFS) is the delivery of containers from the container freight station at the port of origin or loading to the container freight station at the port of destination or unloading.
What are the advantages of door-to-door container transportation?
To carry out the perfect door-to-door transportation, the use of multimodal transport, the use of "land bridge transport" to shorten the transportation cycle, to achieve rapid, safe and inexpensive purpose. Overcome the specificity between land, sea and air transportation, convenient for cargo owners, and become a means of competition in the transportation market.
Carrier, port handling container handover responsibility is how to divide?
Carriers, ports should be handled in accordance with the following provisions of the handover: (1) maritime carriers and ports of the handover on behalf of maritime carriers and ports of the handover at the ship;
(2) by the container of land and water transportation, water deer carriers and ports
in the ship side handover; in the ship to the ship (barge) direct access to the operation by the foreign on behalf of the maritime carriers and the water carrier for the handover; in the domestic transit of containers, the water deer carrier and port
in the handover; ship to ship (barge) direct access to the operation on behalf of the foreign on behalf of the sea carrier and the water carrier In the case of domestic transit containers, the foreign agent on behalf of the waterway carrier and the port at the ship's side of the handover;
(3) through the highway collection and transportation of containers, ports, inland transfer stations, freight stations and highway carriers at their gates to hand over;
(4) through the railroad container collection and transportation of containers, the railroad carriers and the shipper, consignee, or entrusted ports, inland transfer stations, freight stations at the site of loading and unloading or a mutually agreed location. loading and unloading site or a mutually agreed place of handover.
What are the criteria for the handover of heavy containers?
The standard of container handover: the box is intact, the box number is clear, the seal is complete and error-free, the special container mechanical and electrical devices operate normally and in line with the import and export documentation requirements.
What are the standards for the handover of empty containers?
(1) nuclear box number.
(2) external inspection. Check the appearance of the container has no damage, deformation, breach and other abnormalities.
(3) internal inspection. The six sides of the inside of the container to look at, whether there is water leakage, light leakage, water stains, oil stains, residue, rust.
(4) box door inspection. Check whether the box door is deformed, can be opened 270 °.
(5) special containers, mechanical and electrical devices operating with or without abnormalities.
In the use of frozen, refrigerated containers loaded with refrigerated goods, what should be noted?
The use of frozen, reefer containers loaded with goods should be noted:
(1) the container has a container issued by the owner of the container
certificate of conformity or documents;
(2) the container's start, run, stop the device is in a normal state;
(3) the container ventilation holes are in the required state, the drain pipe to keep open;
(4) the container ventilation holes are in the state, the drain pipe to maintain a clear;
(5) the use of special containers to load refrigerated goods, should pay attention to what aspects of the problem? p>
(4) The goods reach the required packing temperature;
(5) When the goods are packed, the cold air passage cannot be blocked, and the canopy part should be left open;
(6) During the period of loading, the refrigerating device stops running.
The use of containers loaded with dangerous goods should pay attention to those aspects of the problem?
When loading dangerous goods should pay attention to:
(1) Containers have normal marking, marking, and "containerized dangerous goods certificate";
(2) Containers are clean, dry, and suitable for loading;
(3) Cargoes are in accordance with "International Dangerous Goods Transportation Regulations" requirements, with the correct marking, marking, and by the relevant departments of the state inspection permit;
(4) Each ticket should be dangerous goods declaration;
(5) and dangerous goods are incompatible with the nature of the goods are prohibited from loading the same container;
(6) (6) When mixed with general cargo, dangerous goods shall not be loaded under the general cargo, and shall be loaded near the door;
(7) The packages are correctly boxed and reasonably cushioned and reinforced;
(8) After loading, dangerous goods category marking shall be affixed to the outside of the container on each side in accordance with the requirements of the "International Dangerous Goods Transportation Regulations";
(9) Dangerous goods category marking shall be affixed to the outside of the container on each side of the container.
What are the main documents for container transportation?
The main documents for container transportation are: booking form, station receipt, bill of lading, container packing list, container list, equipment handover sheet, container stowage chart, manifest, freight manifest, cargo arrival (pickup) notification, bill of lading, delivery records, container overflow/cruelty, container cargo overflow/cruelty and so on.
Container transportation "three documents" refers to which three documents?
The three "big documents" refers to the "equipment handover sheet", "station receipt", "handover record
The three "big documents" are "equipment handover order", "station receipt" and "handover record".
What is an "equipment handover order"?
Equipment handover sheet (EQUIPMENT INTERCHANGE RECEIPT) is the container owner or hirer commissioned container loading and unloading areas, freight stations or inland transit and cargo (i.e., with the box people or their representatives) handover of containers or chassis trucks, and electric motors and other equipment vouchers, divided into the ship loading and unloading of the handover of the use of equipment handover sheet (and a type of quadruple) and the land Port area, the station sends and receives the equipment used in the box handover (*** a triplicate).
What are the requirements for filling in the "Equipment Handover Sheet"?
When filling out, the font of the columns must be clear, sent to the location to write complete, personal signature should write the full name.
"Equipment handover sheet" once issued shall not be changed, where changes must be made to the shipping agency for corrective procedures, and in the container "equipment handover sheet" stamped with a corrective chapter, non-shipping agency corrective chapter is invalid, without going through the corrective procedures. Without the correction procedures, the "equipment handover sheet" shall not be allowed to enter the port, field / station use. Users in accordance with the provisions of the responsibility.
What is the format of the "equipment handover sheet"?
"Equipment handover sheet" format:
(1) ship loading and unloading of containers using the "equipment handover sheet" *** four copies:
① foreign management to stay in the bottom of the joint (white);
② ship's agency joint ( white);
② ship's agency joint ( white);
(2) the "equipment handover sheet" is not allowed to enter the port area, yard / station use. White);
③Terminal yard (red);
④Ship's party (yellow).
(2) land port, yard sending/receiving containers using the "equipment handover sheet" is divided into two kinds of outgoing and incoming, each of which has three couplets:
① shipping agency to keep the bottom of the joint (white);
② port, yard joint (red);
③ box, box shippers joint (yellow).
In the process of loading and unloading the ship "equipment handover sheet" is how to flow?
(1) the sea carrier and the port of the handover, by the foreign ship cargo personnel on behalf of the sea carrier in the ship side handover. Foreign ship cargo handling personnel ship side of the box, fill in the box report.
(2) When unloading the ship, such as the box number, seal number and import documents found to be inconsistent with the box or box body damage, the foreign ship cargo handling personnel to fill out the "equipment handover sheet" in quadruplicate, and signed by the ship. Where the damage occurred before the discharge of the ship should be designated as the original damage, the damage occurred after the discharge of the ship is regarded as industrial disability, where there is no record of the original damage, are regarded as industrial disability.
(3) loading the ship if found to be inconsistent with the standard of delivery of containers, generally should not be loaded. If it does not affect the destination port delivery, and the ship agreed to accept, can be loaded. However, the foreign management personnel to fill out the "equipment handover sheet" in quadruplicate, the situation will be in the "equipment handover sheet" on the note, signed by the port.
(4) the foreign management personnel in the ship loading and unloading operations within eight hours after the completion of the "equipment handover sheet" to the shipping agency and the port.
Imported heavy and empty containers out of the "equipment handover" how to flow?
(1) "Equipment Handover Order" is filled in the relevant columns by the container management unit (shipping agency), and then handed over to the box user or box shipper.
(2) Fill in the relevant columns of the "Equipment Handover Sheet" by the box user or box shipper, and hand it over to the inspection bridge administrator when passing through the inspection bridge in the harbor area.
(3) port inspection bridge check box number, seal number, check the box, if found inconsistent with the documents or box damage, in the "equipment handover sheet" on the note, and fill in the time of appearance. The person who uses the box, the person who transports the box and the person who inspects the bridge **** sign on the "equipment handover sheet" together. The first copy is handed over to the ship's agent, the second copy is retained by the bridge, and the third copy is retained by the user and the carrier. Check the bridge every day will be "equipment handover sheet" the ship generation to stay in the bottom of the joint summary, the next day to the ship generation, a day a clear.
How is the flow of the "equipment handover sheet" for the empty container?
(1) After the imported heavy boxes are dismantled and emptied, the empty boxes should be returned to the designated yard in strict accordance with the instructions of the shipping agent, and the receiving yard will receive the boxes with the "equipment handover order" from the cargo owner or the carrier. If you find that the condition of the box is inconsistent with the record, it is indicated on the "equipment handover sheet".
(2) Empty boxes into the yard, the yard is also with the box, the box carrier into the "equipment handover sheet" to receive the box, such as the box is found to be inconsistent with the records, in the "equipment handover sheet" on the note.
(3) into the "equipment handover sheet" signed by both sides of the handover, the third link to the box user, the box carrier, the second link to the bottom of the yard, the first link to the shipping agency, a day a clear.
(4) imported heavy boxes from the port area towed to another pile of yards waiting for unpacking, still according to this flow of procedures.